[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Polity, law and society](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity) › [History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930) › v4.c63.974 # History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v4.c63.974 History of Dharmaśāstra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v4.c63.974 - **Language:** English ### [v4.c63.974](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c63.974) Nār. (XV. 73-75) holds⁹⁸³ that sexual intercourse with the step-mother, mother's sister, mother-in-law, the paternal or maternal uncle's wife, father's sister, a friend's or pupil's wife, sister, sister's friend, daughter-in-law, daughter, the wife of one's vedic teacher, a woman of the same gotra, a woman that has sought protection, with the queen or an ascetic woman (\*pravrajitā\*) or a wet-nurse or a virtuous wife (\*sādhvī\*) or a woman of a higher caste is incestuous and the punishment to be prescribed for this crime is the excision of the penis and no less. Vide Manu XI. 170-71, Kauṭ. IV. 13,⁹⁸⁴ Yāj. III. 231-233, Matsyapurāṇa 227. 139-141, which latter (three) prescribe excision of the penis and death by way of punishment (except for a brāhmaṇa) and expiation and for the woman (if she was a consenting party) death sentence. Bṛhad-Yama III. 7, Āp. (in verse) IX. 1 (Jivananda ed.) and Yama (Ānandāśrama) 35 prescribe that there is no expiation except that of entering fire for incest with mother, teacher's wife, sister or daughter. It is remarkable that Kauṭ.⁹⁸⁵ and Yāj. (II. 293) prescribe only a fine of 24 paṇas for adultery with a female ascetic, while Nār. XV. 74 and Matsya 227. 141 deem it a most heinous offence. The explanation probably lies in the fact that Kauṭ. and Yāj. refer to female ascetics of the lowest castes not following the orthodox religion, while Nār. refers to nuns of a higher order. Vide Manu VIII. 363 also. For forcible intercourse with a prostitute against⁹⁸⁶ her will Kauṭ. IV. 13 and Yāj. II. 291 prescribe a fine of 12 and 24 paṇas respectively. For unnatural offences or offences against the order of nature, Kauṭ. IV. 13, Yāj. II. 289, 293, Viṣṇu Dh. S. V. 44, Nār. XV. 76 provide fines of 12, 24, 100, 500 paṇas⁹⁸⁷. - [Previous: v4.c63.973](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c63.973) - [Next: v4.c63.975](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c63.975) - [Up: v4.c63](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c63) ## Linked texts (8) - [Kauṭilīya Arthaśāstra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.artha.kautilya.4.13) — Kauṭilya, Sanskrit - [Vaiṣṇava Dharmaśāstra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.visnu.5.44) — Viṣṇu, Sanskrit - [Mānava Dharmaśāstra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.manu.11.170) — Manu & Bhṛgu, Sanskrit - [Yājñavalkyasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.yajnavalkya.2.289) — Yājñavalkya, Sanskrit - [Matsyapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.matsya) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Āpastambadharmasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.dharma.apastamba) — Āpastamba, Sanskrit - [Nāradasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.narada) — Nārada, Sanskrit - [Yamasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.upasmrti.yama) — Yama, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c63.974](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c63.974) · Pramāṇa