[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Polity, law and society](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity) › [History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930) › v4 # History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v4: Volume 4 History of Dharmaśāstra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v4 - **Language:** English ## Contents - [v4.c57 Front matter](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57) — 14 parts - [v4.c58 List of Abbreviations Employed](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58) — 104 parts - [v4.c59 Brief Synopsis of the Contents](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c59) — 3 parts - [v4.c60 Works Consulted](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60) — 251 parts - [v4.c61 Table of Cases Cited](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c61) — 36 parts - [v4.c62 Rājadharma (Government and Statecraft)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c62) — 547 parts - [v4.c63 Vyavahāra (Law and Administration of Justice)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c63) — 1,261 parts - [v4.c64 Appendix](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c64) — 1,929 parts - [v4.c65 Index of Technical or Difficult Sanskrit Words](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c65) — 7 parts ### Volume 4 ### Front matter ### [v4.c57.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.1) PREPARED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF THE PUBLICATION DEPARTMENT OF THE BHANDARKAR ORIENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, POONA ### [v4.c57.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.2) INSTITUTE POONA FOUNDED 1917 तेजस्वि नावधीतमस्तु ### [v4.c57.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.3) POONA Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona ### [v4.c57.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.4) BY MAHĀMAHOPĀDHYĀYA PANDURANG VAMAN KANE, M.A., LL.M., ADVOCATE, HIGH COURT, BOMBAY; SENIOR ADVOCATE, FEDERAL COURT OF INDIA; FELLOW AND VICE- PRESIDENT OF THE BOMBAY ASIATIC SOCIETY, AUTHOR OF "HISTORY OF SANSKRIT POETICS", ETC. ### [v4.c57.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.5) Vol. III ### [v4.c57.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.6) Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona Copies can be had direct from the ### [v4.c57.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.7) Price Rs. 30 per copy exclusive of postage ### [v4.c57.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.8) Printed at the Aryabhushan Press, 915/1 Shivajinagar, Poona 4, by Mr. Vithal Hari Barve and published by Dr. R. N. Dandekar, M. A., Ph. D., Secretary, ### [v4.c57.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.9) The second volume of the History of Dharmaśāstra was published in the third quarter of 1941. In the Preface to that volume I held forth hopes that the next volume dealing with the remaining subjects comprised in Dharmaśāstra might be placed before scholars in about three years thereafter. The Great War was then being fought in Europe and it was generally believed that India would remain free from the fear of actual invasion. But such fond hopes were shattered by the sudden attack on Pearl Harbour by Japanese bombers on 7th December 1941. Japan gained rapid and phenomenal victories and within about three months from the attack on Pearl Harbour vast territories from the Philippines to Burma fell into the hands of the victors. Calcutta and Trincomalee were bombed. Serious fears were entertained about an invasion of the mainland of India by land, sea and air. There was great panic in such coastal cities as Madras, Bombay and Karachi. The matters uppermost in the minds of Government officials and the members of the public were A. R. P. measures, the recruiting of men for the army, navy and air force and the removal of families and valuables to places of safety in the interior. Important and rare books from the libraries of the Bombay Asiatic Society and of the University of Bombay were taken to distant places for reasons of security. During almost the whole of 1942 it was very difficult for me to work on the preparation of the third volume in the midst of a general atmosphere of panic caused by the fear of invasion and the removal of valuable reference books from Bombay. Owing to the war there has been great scarcity of paper and printing also has become very costly. I decided upon writing only on a few of the several subjects that remained to be dealt with and chose Rājādharma, Vyavahāra and Sadācāra, the treatment of which is now placed before the public. Scarcity of paper and labour is responsible for the fact that this third volume has been in the press for nearly three years. The present volume increased in bulk beyond expectation. The fourth and last volume will deal with the following subjects: Pātaka, karmavipāka and prāyaścitta; antyeṣṭi, aśauca and śrāddha; tīrtha; vrata; kāla and muhūrta; śānti; Paurāṇa dharma; the influence of the Pūrvamīmāṁsā and other śāstras on dharmaśāstra; the religious and philosophical background of dharmaśāstra; the essentials of our culture, its future, the coming social and other trends and their impact on the dogmas and ideals of Dharmaśāstra. I am personally anxious to finish all the remaining work as early as possible. But looking to my age (I am nearly 67 now), to my ailments and to the number of subjects that remain to be dealt with, it is impossible for me to say when the next and last volume may be published. This volume also is full of quotations, refers to many inscriptions, judicial decisions and legislative enactments. The reasons for this have been stated at length in the Preface to the second volume and I do not desire to repeat them here. In the general index to the second volume full references to works like the Manusmṛti were not given, because such works were quoted on almost every page. But some critics found fault with this; therefore in the index to this volume full references to all works are inserted. ### [v4.c57.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.10) All that now remains is the pleasant duty of acknowledging my obligations to others. Bloomfield's Vedic Concordance, the Vedic Index of Professors Macdonell and Keith and several volumes of the Sacred Books of the East have been very useful in preparing this volume as in the case of the preceding one. I wish to mention specially the debt I owe to the late Mahāmahopādhyāya Kamalakṛṣṇa Smṛtitīrtha for his editorial work on twelve volumes on the different branches of dharmaśāstra, which have been of great use to me in writing all the volumes of my History viz. Hāralatā, Vivādaratnākara, Gṛhastharatnākara, Kṛtyaratnākara, Tīrthacintāmaṇi, Varṣakriyākaumudī, Dānakriyākaumudī, Śrāddhakriyākaumudī, Śuddhikaumudī, Daṇḍaviveka, Rājadharmakaustubha and Agastyasaṁhitā. I am highly obliged to Paramahaṁsa Svāmī Kevalānanda Sarasvatī of Wai for frequent help and guidance in solving some intricate problems of Dharmaśāstra, to Prof. N. A. Gore, M. A. of Poona for help in the careful correction of proofs, to Tarkatīrtha Raghunāthaśāstrī Kokje of Lonavla and Mr. N. G. Chapekar, B. A., LL. B. (retired F. C. Sub-judge), of Badlapur for reading through the whole volume and suggesting some additions and corrections. ### [v4.c57.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.11) Assistance in various ways during the progress of the work for the last four years was very kindly rendered by a host of friends and acquaintances, among whom I should like to make special mention of Prof. H. D. Velankar, Dr. R. N. Dandekar, Dr. S. K. Belvalkar, Rao Bahadur Prof. Rangaswami Aiyangar, Dr. A. S. Altekar, Mr. P. K. Gode, Dr. Raghavan, Mr. S. N. Joshi of Bhārata-Itihāsa-saṁśodhaka-maṇḍala at Poona, Mr. Bhabatosh Bhattacharya (son of M. M. Kamalakṛṣṇa Smṛtitīrtha), Mr. S. L. Katre of Ujjain, Prof. A. M. Paramaśivanandan of Pacchaiappa College at Madras, the late Pandit Rangacarya Raddi. Thanks are due to all these and many others for help and interest in this volume. It need not be expressly stated that I alone am responsible for the views and mistakes contained in this volume. I sincerely thank the Manager of the Aryabhushan Press, Poona, for carrying out the work of printing with care and promptitude in spite of difficulties caused by war conditions and paper and labour shortage. ### [v4.c57.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.12) In a work bristling with thousands of quotations and references it is likely that many slips have escaped attention. The indulgence of the reader is sought for forgiveness in the matter of several misprints in the footnotes caused by loss or displacement of the parts of letters in the process of printing. ### [v4.c57.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.13) .BOMBAY, / 1st October, 1946. P. V. KANE ### [v4.c57.14](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c57.14) | List of abbreviations | ... | ... | ... | xi-xvi | | Chronological Table | ... | ... | ... | xvii-xx | | Brief Synopsis | ... | ... | ... | xxi-xxiii | | List of works consulted | ... | ... | ... | xxv-xxxvi | | Table of cases cited | ... | ... | ... | xxxvii-xlii | | Additions and Corrections | | ... | ... | xliii-xlv | | History of Dharmaśāstra | | ... | ... | 1-973 | | Appendix containing long extracts in Sanskrit and List of names of officials | | | ... | 975-1014 | | General Index | ... | ... | ... | 1015-1082 | | Index of technical or important words | | | ... | 1083-1088 | ### List of Abbreviations Employed ### [v4.c58.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.1) A. I. R. = All India Reporter of Nagpur Ait. Br. = Aitareya Brāhmaṇa All. = Indian Law Reports, Allahabad Series A. L. J. = Allahabad Law Journal Āp. = Āpastamba (generally the author of the Dharmasūtra is meant) Āp. Dh. S. = Āpastamba-dharmasūtra Āp. M. P. = Āpastamba-mantra-pāṭha A. S. W. I. = Archaeological survey of Western India Āśv. Gṛ. = Āśvalāyana-gṛhyasūtra Baud. Dh. S. = Baudhāyana-dharmasūtra B. I. = Bibliotheca Indica series, Calcutta Bom. = I. L. Reports, Bombay Series Bom. G. = Bombay Gazetteer volumes Bom. H. C. R. = Bombay High Court Reports (vol. I-XII) Bom. L. R. = Bombay Law Reporter (edited by Ratanlal and Dhirajlal) B. O. R. I. } = Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona B. O. R. Institute } Bṛ. = Smṛti of Bṛhaspati Bṛ. Up. = Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad B. R. W. W. = Beal's Buddhist Records of the Western world Cal. = Indian Law Reports, Calcutta Series Catur. = Caturviṁśatimata Chān. Up. = Chāndogya Upaniṣad C. I. I. or } = Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum (vol. relating to Inscriptions of the times of Aśoka vol. II relating to Kuṣāṇa Inscriptions and vol. III relating to Gupta Inscriptions) Corpus I. I. } C. L. J. = Calcutta Law Journal Com. = Commentary or Commentator (according to context) Cr. ed. = Critical edition (of the Mahābhārata, Poona) C. W. N. = Calcutta Weekly Notes (Law Reports) D. B. = The Dāyabhāga of Jīmūtavāhana D. C. = Dattaka-candrikā D. C. = Deccan College Collection (when mss. are concerned) Dh. S. = Dharmasūtra D. K. S. = Dāyakramasaṅgraha of Śrīkṛṣṇa D. N. = Dattakamīmāṁsā of Nandapaṇḍita E. C. = Epigraphia Carnatica E. I. = Epigraphia Indica F. B. = Full Bench (decision) .Fick = The Social organization in North-east India in Buddha's time (translated from German by Dr. Shishirkumar Mitra, 1920) Gaut. = Gautama-dharmasūtra Gṛ. R. = Gṛhastharatnākara of Caṇḍeśvara .H. D. / H. Dh. = History of Dharmaśāstra Hira. gṛ. = Hiraṇyakeśi-gṛhya-sūtra I. A. = Indian Antiquary .I. A. = Indian Appeals (Law Reports). The context will always indicate whether I. A. stands for the volumes of the Indian Antiquary or for the Law Reports, Indian Appeals I. H. Q. = Indian Historical Quarterly I. L. R. = Indian Law Reports Ins. = Inscription or Inscriptions I. P. C. = Indian Penal Code Jai. = Jaimini's Pūrvamīmāṁsāsūtra J. A. O. S. = Journal of the American Oriental Society J. A. S. B. = Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal J. B. O. R. S. = Journal of the Bihar and Orissa Research Society J. R. A. S. = Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (London) Kām. = Kāmandakīya-nīti-sāra Kāt. = Smṛti of Kātyāyana reconstructed by P. V. Kane Kaut. = Kauṭilya's Arthaśāstra K. V. N. = Kalivarjyavinirṇaya (ms) L. R. I. A. = Law Reports, Indian Appeals (Privy Council) Mad. = Indian Law Reports, Madras Series Mārk. = Mārkaṇḍeyapurāṇa Medh. = Medhātithi, the oldest commentator of Manusmṛti Mit. = Mitākṣarā on the Yājñavalkya-smṛti ### [v4.c58.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.2) M. L. J. = Madras Law Journal ### [v4.c58.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.3) Moo. I. A. = Moore's Indian Appeals (Reports ### [v4.c58.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.4) N. or n. = footnote ### [v4.c58.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.5) Nār. = Nārada-smṛti ### [v4.c58.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.6) Nir. S. = Nirṇayasindhu ### [v4.c58.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.7) Nītisāra = Kāmandakīya-nīti-sāra ### [v4.c58.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.8) N. I. A. = New Indian Antiquary, Poona ### [v4.c58.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.9) Pāṇ. = Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī ### [v4.c58.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.10) Pār. Gṛ. = Pāraskara-gṛhya-sūtra ### [v4.c58.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.11) Par. M. = Parāśara-Mādhavīya ### [v4.c58.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.12) Patna = Indian Law Reports, Patna Series ### [v4.c58.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.13) P. C. = Privy Council ### [v4.c58.14](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.14) P. J. = Printed Judgments of the Bombay High Court ### [v4.c58.15](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.15) Q. or q. = Quoted ### [v4.c58.16](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.16) Raghu. = Raghuvaṁśa ### [v4.c58.17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.17) .R. D. K. / Rāja Dh. K. = Rājadharmakāṇḍa of Kalpataru (on p. 43 / R. D. K. by mistake stands for Rājadharma- / kaustubha) ### [v4.c58.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.18) Rājadharma-K. = Rājadharmakaustubha of Anantadeva ### [v4.c58.19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.19) .Rāja N. P. / R. N. P. == Rājanītiprakāśa (a part of the Vīramitrodaya / of Mitramiśra) ### [v4.c58.20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.20) Rājat. = Rājataraṅgiṇī ### [v4.c58.21](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.21) Ṛg. = Ṛgveda ### [v4.c58.22](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.22) Saṁ. K. = Saṁskāra-kaustubha ### [v4.c58.23](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.23) Saṁ. Pr. = Saṁskāraprakāśa (a part of the Vīramitrodaya of Mitramiśra) ### [v4.c58.24](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.24) Śāṅ. Gṛ. = Śāṅkhāyana-gṛhya-sūtra ### [v4.c58.25](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.25) Śat. Br. = Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa ### [v4.c58.26](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.26) S. B. E. = Sacred Books of the East (series edited by Max Müller) ### [v4.c58.27](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.27) S. I. I. = South Indian Inscriptions ### [v4.c58.28](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.28) Sm. C. = Smṛticandrikā ### [v4.c58.29](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.29) Sm. Kau. = Smṛti-kaustubha ### [v4.c58.30](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.30) Sm. M. = Smṛtimuktāphala ### [v4.c58.31](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.31) Śr. = Śrautasūtra ### [v4.c58.32](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.32) S. V. = Sarasvatīvilāsa Śukra = Sukranītisāra Tai. Ār. = Taittirīya Āraṇyaka Tai. Br. = Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa Tai. S. = Taittirīya Saṃhitā Tai. Up. = Taittirīya Upaniṣad T. L. L. = Tagore Law Lectures Tr. = Translation or translated Vāj. S. = Vājasaneya-saṃhitā Vas. = Vasiṣṭha-dharma-sūtra V. C. = Vivāda-cintāmaṇi .V. M. / V. Mātṛkā = Vyavahāra-mātṛkā of Jīmūtavāhana (except on p. 709)\\ V. Mayūkha = Vyavahāramayūkha (In a very few places such as on p. 709 through oversight V. M. stands for V. Mayūkha) .V. Nir. / V. Nirṇaya = Vyavahāranirṇaya of Varadarāja\\ V. P. = Vyavahāraprakāśa (a part of the Vīramitrodaya of Mitramiśra) V. R. = Vivādaratnākara of Caṇḍeśvara .Viṣṇu / Viṣṇu Dh. S. = Viṣṇudharmasūtra\\ V. T. = Vivādatāṇḍava of Kamalākara .Vy. Nir / Vy. Nirṇaya = Vyavahāranirṇaya of Varadarāja\\ Yāj. = Yājñavalkyasmṛti अथर्व = अथर्ववेद अर्थशास्त्र = कौटिलीय अर्थशास्त्र आप. ध. सू. = आपस्तम्बधर्मसूत्र आप. म. पा. = आपस्तम्बमन्त्रपाठ ऋ. = ऋग्वेद ऐ. ब्रा. = ऐतरेयब्राह्मण कलिवर्ज्यवि. = कलिवर्ज्यविनिर्णय (ms) कात्या. = कात्यायनस्मृतिसारोद्धार कात्या. श्रौ. = कात्यायनश्रौतसूत्र .काम / कामन्दक = कामन्दकीयनीतिसार\\ कृत्यरु. = कृत्यकल्पतरु ### [v4.c58.33](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.33) . कौ. / कौटिलीय = कौटिलीय अर्थशास्त्र ### [v4.c58.34](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.34) गृह. र. = गृहस्थरत्नाकर गौ. = गौतमधर्मसूत्र चतुर्वि. = चतुर्विंशतिमत छा. उ. = छान्दोग्योपनिषद् जै. = जैमिनीयपूर्वमीमांसासूत्र जै. न्या. मा. = जैमिनीयन्यायमालाविस्तार तै. आ. = तैत्तिरीयारण्यक तै. ब्रा. = तैत्तिरीयब्राह्मण तै. सं. = तैत्तिरीयसंहिता दत्त. च. = दत्तकचन्द्रिका दत्त. मी. = दत्तकमीमांसा नारद. = नारदस्मृति . नीतिवा. / नीतिवाक्या. = नीतिवाक्यामृत ### [v4.c58.35](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.35) नीतिसार = कामन्दकीयनीतिसार ### [v4.c58.36](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.36) परा. मा. = पराशरमाधवीय पा. = पाणिनि’s अष्टाध्यायी . बुध. / बुधभू. = बुधभूषण ### [v4.c58.37](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.37) बृह. = बृहस्पतिस्मृति (as quoted in digests) बृह. उप. = बृहदारण्यकोपनिषद् बृहत्सं. = बृहत्संहिता . बौ. ध. / बौ. ध. सू. = बौधायनधर्मसूत्र ### [v4.c58.38](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.38) बौ. श्रौ. = बौधायनश्रौतसूत्र मद. पा. = मदनपारिजात मनु. = मनुस्मृति मिता. = मिताक्षराटीका of विज्ञानेश्वर . मीमांसाकौ. / मी. कौ. = मीमांसाकौस्तुभ of खण्डदेव ### [v4.c58.39](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.39) मेधा. = मेधातिथि’s भाष्य on मनुस्मृति या. or याज्ञ. = याज्ञवल्क्यस्मृति रा. ध. कौ. or राजध. कौ. or राजधर्मका. = राजधर्मकौस्तुभ रा. नी. प्र. or राजनी. प्र. or राजनीतिप्र. = राजनीतिप्रकाश of मित्रमिश्र राज. र. or राजनीतिर. = राजनीतिरत्नाकर of चण्डेश्वर ### [v4.c58.40](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.40) वाज. सं. = वाजसनेयसंहिता वि. चि. = विवादचिन्तामणि वि. ता. = विवादताण्डव of कमलाकर वि. र. = विवादरत्नाकर व्यव. त. = व्यवहारतत्त्व of रघुनन्दन व्य. नि or व्यव. नि. = व्यवहारनिर्णय व्य. प्र. = व्यवहारप्रकाश of मित्रमिश्र व्य. म. or व्य. मयूख = व्यवहारमयूख व्य. मा. = व्यवहारमातृका व्यव. सा. = व्यवहारसार . शुक्र. / शुक्रनी. / शुक्रनीति. = शुक्रनीतिसार सं. कौ. = संस्कारकौस्तुभ सत्या. श्रौ. = सत्याषाढश्रौतसूत्र स. वि. = सरस्वतीविलास स्मृतिच. = स्मृतिचन्द्रिका स्मृतिमु. = स्मृतिमुक्ताफल ### [v4.c58.41](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.41) (\*of some important works and authors referred to in this volume\*) ### [v4.c58.42](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.42) N. B.—Some dates, particularly of ancient works, are more or less conjectural. ### [v4.c58.43](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.43) 4000 B. C. — 1000 B. C. — The period of the Vedic Saṃhitās, Brāhmaṇas and Upaniṣads. Some hymns of the Ṛgveda, the Taittirīya Saṃhitā and Brāhmaṇa and the Atharvaveda may possibly go back to a period earlier than even 4000 B. C. and some of the Upaniṣads (even from among those that are regarded as the earliest ones) may be later than 1000 B. C. ### [v4.c58.44](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.44) 800 B. C. — 500 B. C. — The Nirukta. ### [v4.c58.45](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.45) 800 B. C. — 400 B. C. — The principal śrauta sūtras (of Āpastamba, Āśvalāyana, Baudhāyana, Kātyāyana, Satyāṣāḍha and others) and some of the Gṛhyasūtras (such as those of Āpastamba and Āśvalāyana). ### [v4.c58.46](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.46) 600 B. C. — 300 B. C. — The dharmasūtras of Gautama, Āpastamba, Baudhāyana, Vasiṣṭha and the Gṛhyasūtras of Pāraskara and a few others. ### [v4.c58.47](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.47) 600 B. C. — 300 B. C. — Pāṇini. ### [v4.c58.48](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.48) 500 B. C. — 200 B. C. — Jaimini's Pūrvamīmāṃsāsūtra. ### [v4.c58.49](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.49) 300 B. C. — Vararuci Kātyāyana, author of Vārtikas on Pāṇini. ### [v4.c58.50](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.50) 300 B. C. — 100 A. D. — Arthaśāstra of Kauṭilya. ### [v4.c58.51](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.51) 150 B. C. — The Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali. ### [v4.c58.52](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.52) 200 B. C. — 100 A. D. — Manusmṛti. ### [v4.c58.53](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.53) 100 A. D. — 300 A. D. — Yājñavalkyasmṛti. ### [v4.c58.54](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.54) 100 A. D. — 300 A. D. — Viṣṇudharmasūtra. ### [v4.c58.55](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.55) 100 A. D. — 400 A. D. — Nāradasmṛti. ### [v4.c58.56](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.56) 200 A. D. — 500 A. D. — Śabara, com. of Jaimini. ### [v4.c58.57](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.57) 300 A. D. — 500 A. D. — Bṛhaspatismṛti on Vyavahāra (not yet found. Extracts translated in S. B. E. vol. 33). ### [v4.c58.58](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.58) 300 A. D. — 600 A. D. — Some of the extant Purāṇas, such as Vāyu, Viṣṇu, Mārkaṇḍeya, Matsya, Kūrma. ### [v4.c58.59](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.59) 400 A. D. — 600 A. D. — Kātyāyanasmṛti on Vyavahāra (not yet found. Extracts collected by me and translated in English). ### [v4.c58.60](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.60) 400 A. D. — 600 A. D. — Kāmandakīyanītisāra. ### [v4.c58.61](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.61) 505 A. D. — 587 A. D. — Varāhamihira, author of Bṛhatsaṁhitā, Bṛhajjātaka, Pañcasiddhāntikā and other works. ### [v4.c58.62](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.62) 600 A. D. — 650 A. D. — Bāṇa, author of the Kādambarī and the Harṣacarita. ### [v4.c58.63](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.63) 650 A. D. — 750 A. D. — Kumārilabhaṭṭa, author of Ślokavārtika, Tantravārtika and Ṭup-ṭīkā. ### [v4.c58.64](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.64) 600 A. D. — 900 A. D. — Most of the smṛtis and some of the Purāṇas. ### [v4.c58.65](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.65) 788 A. D. — 820 A. D. — Śaṅkarācārya, the great Advaita philosopher. ### [v4.c58.66](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.66) 800 A. D. — 850 A. D. — Viśvarūpa, com. of Yājñavalkyasmṛti. ### [v4.c58.67](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.67) 900 A. D. — Medhātithi, com. of Manusmṛti. ### [v4.c58.68](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.68) 900 A. D. — 1100 A. D.--Pārthasārathimiśra, author of Śāstradīpikā, Tantraratna, Nyāyaratnākara. ### [v4.c58.69](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.69) 966 A. D. — Utpala, com. of Bṛhat-saṁhitā and Bṛhajjātaka. ### [v4.c58.70](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.70) 1000 A. D. — 1055 A. D. — Dhāreśvara (Bhoja). ### [v4.c58.71](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.71) 1070 A. D. — 1100 A. D. — Vijñāneśvara, the author of the Mitākṣarā com. on Yājñavalkya. ### [v4.c58.72](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.72) 1080 — 1140 A. D.--Govindarāja, author of a com. on Manusmṛti. ### [v4.c58.73](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.73) 1100 — 1150 A. D. — Lakṣmīdhara, author of a large digest called Kṛtya-kalpataru or simply Kalpataru. ### [v4.c58.74](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.74) 1100 — 1150 A. D. — Jīmūtavāhana, author of Dāyabhāga, Kālaviveka and Vyavahāramātṛkā. ### [v4.c58.75](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.75) 1114 — 1183 A. D. — Bhāskarācārya, author of Siddhāntaśiromaṇi, of which Līlāvatī is a part. ### [v4.c58.76](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.76) 1125 A. D. — Aparārka, author of a com. on the Yājñavalkyasmṛti. ### [v4.c58.77](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.77) 1127 — 1138 A. D. — Mānasollāsa or Abhilaṣitārthacintāmaṇi of Someśvaradeva. ### [v4.c58.78](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.78) 1150 — 1160 A. D. — Rājataraṅgiṇī of Kalhaṇa. ### [v4.c58.79](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.79) 1150 — 1200 A. D. — Smṛtyarthasāra of Śrīdhara. ### [v4.c58.80](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.80) 1200—1225 A. D. — Smṛticandrikā of Devaṇṇabhaṭṭa. ### [v4.c58.81](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.81) 1150—1300 A. D. — Haradatta, com. on Gautamadharmasūtra and Āpastambadharmasūtra. ### [v4.c58.82](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.82) 1150—1300 A. D. — Kullūka, com. of Manusmṛti. ### [v4.c58.83](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.83) 1200—1300 A. D. — Vyavahāranirṇaya of Varadarāja. ### [v4.c58.84](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.84) 1260—1270 A. D. — Caturvargacintāmaṇi of Hemādri. ### [v4.c58.85](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.85) 1290—1370 A. D. — Caṇḍeśvara, author of Rājanītiratnākara, Vivādaratnākara, Gṛhastharatnākara and other works. ### [v4.c58.86](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.86) 1300—1380 A. D. — Mādhavācārya, author of Parāśaramādhavīya. ### [v4.c58.87](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.87) 1360—1390 A. D. — Madanapārijāta compiled under king Madanapāla. ### [v4.c58.88](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.88) 1375—1460 A. D. — Śūlapāṇi, author of Dīpakalikā, com. on Yājñavalkya. ### [v4.c58.89](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.89) 1400—1500 A. D. — Nyāyasudhā of Someśvara, com. on Tantravārtika. ### [v4.c58.90](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.90) 1400—1450 A. D. — Vivādacandra of Misarumiśra. ### [v4.c58.91](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.91) 1425—1450 A. D. — Madanaratna of Madanasiṃha. ### [v4.c58.92](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.92) 1490—1512 — The Vyavahārasāra of Dalapati, a part of the Nṛsiṃhaprasāda. ### [v4.c58.93](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.93) 1500—1525 A. D. — The Sarasvatīvilāsa compiled under king Pratāparudradeva. ### [v4.c58.94](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.94) 1500—1550 A. D. — Vardhamāna, author of Daṇḍaviveka. ### [v4.c58.95](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.95) 1500—1550 — Vācaspatimiśra, author of Vivādacintāmaṇi and several other works. ### [v4.c58.96](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.96) 1520—1575 A. D. — Raghunandana, author of Dāyatattva, Divyatattva, Vyavahāratattva and other Tattvas. ### [v4.c58.97](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.97) 1560—1620 A. D. — Śaṅkarabhaṭṭa, author of Dvaitanirṇaya or Dharmadvaitanirṇaya. ### [v4.c58.98](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.98) 1590—1630 A. D. — Nandapaṇḍita, author of the Dattakāmīmāṃsā and Vaijayantī, com. on Viṣṇudharmasūtra. ### [v4.c58.99](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.99) 1610—1640 A. D.—Kamalākarabhaṭṭa, author of Nirṇayasindhu, Vivādatāṇḍava, Śūdrakamalākara and other works. ### [v4.c58.100](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.100) 1615 — 1645 A. D. — Nīlakaṇṭhabhaṭṭa, author of Nītimayūkha, Vyavahāramayūkha and other Mayūkhas. ### [v4.c58.101](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.101) 1615 — 1645 A. D. — Mitramiśra, author of Vīramitrodaya, divided into Rājanītiprakāśa, Vyavahāraprakāśa and other prakāśas. ### [v4.c58.102](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.102) 1650 — 1680 A. D. — Anantadeva, author of Rājadharmakaustubha. ### [v4.c58.103](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.103) 1750 — 1820 A. D. — Bālambhaṭṭa, author of the Bālambhaṭṭī, com. on the Mitākṣarā. ### [v4.c58.104](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c58.104) 1790 A. D. — Dharmasindhu of Kāśīnātha. ### Brief Synopsis of the Contents ### [v4.c59.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c59.1) | | | | | PAGES | | RĀJADHARMA | | ... | ... | 1—241 | | Chap. I | Preliminary | ... | ... | 1—16 | | Chap. II | Seven aṅgas of rājya | ... | 17—55 | | Chap. III | Duties and responsibilities of the ruler | ... | ... | 55--103 | | Chap. IV | Ministers | ... | ... | 104-131 | | Chap. V | \*Rāṣṭra\* (territory of a State) | ... | 132-177 | | Chap. VI | \*Durga\* (capital or fort) | ... | 178-183 | | Chap. VII | \*Kośa\* (Treasury or finance). | ... | ... | 184-199 | | Chap. VIII | \*Bala\* (Army) | ... | ... | 200-215 | | Chap. IX | \*Mitra\* (Ally) | ... | ... | 216-234 | | Chap. X | Purpose of the study of Rājādharma and the ends of the State. | ... | 235-241 | | VYAVAHĀRA | | ... | ... | ... 242-824 | | Chap. XI | Meaning of Vyavahāra, Vyavahārapadas, Kauṭilya on this subject, grades of courts, Judges, Lawyers, court fees, pleadings, means of proof, documents. | ... | ... | 242-316 | | Chap. XII | Bhukti (possession) | ... | 317-329 | | Chap. XIII | Witnesses | ... | ... | 330-360 | | Chap. XIV | Divya (ordeals) | ... | ... | 361-378 | | Chap. XV | Decision, decree, fines and punishments, Limitation | ... | 379-410 | | Chap. XVI | Contracts, debts, pledges, mortgages. | ... | ... | 411-461 | | Chap. XVII | Asvāmivikraya (sale by one not the owner) | ... | ... | 462-465 | ### [v4.c59.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c59.2) | Chap. XVIII | Sambhūya-samutthāna (partnership) ... ... | 466-470 | | Chap. XIX | Dattānapākarma (resumption of gift). ... ... | 471-475 | | Chap. XX | Vetanasyānapākarma, Abhyupetyāśuśrūṣā and svāmipālavivāda. ... ... | 476-485 | | Chap. XXI | Saṁvid-vyatikrama (violation of compacts) and other titles of law. ... ... | 486-501 | | Chap. XXII | Sīmavivāda (boundary dispute). ... ... | 502-510 | | Chap. XXIII | Vākpāruṣya and Daṇḍapāruṣya (abuse and assault). | 511-518 | | Chap. XXIV | Steya (theft) ... ... | 519-530 | | Chap. XXV | Strīsaṅgrahaṇa (adultery, incest and rape). ... | 531-537 | | Chap. XXVI | Dyūtasamāhvaya (gambling and prizefighting) ... | 538-542 | | Chap. XXVII | Dāyabhāga (partition of wealth) ... ... | 543-661 | | Chap. XXVIII | Dattaka (adopted son). ... | 662-699 | | Chap. XXIX | Order of succession after the son. ... ... | 700-769 | | Chap. XXX | Strīdhana (woman's property). | 770-802 | | Chap. XXXI | Maintenance and other topics, wills, draft Hindu Code. ... | 803-824 | | SAḌĀCĀRA (customs and customary laws). ... | | 825-973 | | Chap. XXXII | Practices of śiṣṭas; conflict among śruti, smṛti and sadācāra: ancient instances of transgressions of dharma; customs and pūrvamīmāṁsā. | 825-855 | | Chap. XXXIII | Customs and dharmaśāstra works. ... ... | 856-884 | ### [v4.c59.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c59.3) Chap. XXXIV Kalivarjya (actions forbidden in the Kali age), theory of Yugas, the date of the Mahābhārata war, beginning of Kaliyuga. ... 885-968 ### Works Consulted ### [v4.c60.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.1) (\*with reference to editions &c.\*) ### [v4.c60.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.2) (N. B.—Works referred to only once or twice and those already set out on pp. 14n and 413-414 have generally been omitted). ### [v4.c60.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.3) Ānan. stands for Ānandāśrama Press edition, B. I. stands for Bibliotheca Indica Series (Calcutta) and Jiv. for Jivananda Vidyasagara's publications. ### [v4.c60.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.4) TEXTS ### [v4.c60.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.5) Vedic ### [v4.c60.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.6) Aitareya Āraṇyaka (ed. by Prof. Keith in Anecdota Oxoniensia). Aitareya Brāhmaṇa with Sāyaṇa's commentary (Ānan.). Atharvaveda Saṁhitā—ed. by S. P. Pandit. Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣad. Chāndogyopaniṣad. Gopatha-brāhmaṇa (in the B. I. series; but in one or two places Dr. Gaastra's edition has been relied upon). Kāṭhaka Saṁhitā—ed. by L. von Schroeder (1900). Kauṣītaki Āraṇyaka. Kauṣītaki-brāhmaṇopaniṣad. Maitrāyaṇa Saṁhitā—ed. by Dr. Schroeder. Ṛgveda Saṁhitā (Max Müller's edition in 4 volumes has generally been used. Sometimes the edition of the Poona Vaidika-saṁśodhana-maṇḍala has been relied on). Sāmavidhāna-brāhmaṇa—ed. by A. C. Burnell, 1873. Śāṅkhāyana-brāhmaṇa, (Ānan.). Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa—ed. by Weber. Taittirīya-āraṇyaka (Ānan). Taittirīya-brāhmaṇa (Ānan.). Taittirīya Saṁhitā (Ānan.; sometimes Weber's transliteration in Indische Studien, volumes XI and XII, has been relied upon). Tāṇḍya-brāhmaṇa (also called Pañcaviṁśa-brāhmaṇa)—B. I. Series. Vājasaneya Saṁhitā-edited by Weber. ### [v4.c60.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.7) \*Śrauta, gṛhya and dharma sūtras, Vedāṅgas and similar works.\* ### [v4.c60.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.8) Āpastamba Dharmasūtra with commentary of Haradatta published at Kumbhakonam by Halasyanatha Sastri. ### [v4.c60.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.9) Āpastambagṛhyasūtra with the com. of Sudarśanācārya (Mysore Government Oriental Library Series). ### [v4.c60.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.10) Āpastamba-mantrapāṭha-edited by Dr. Winternitz (1897). ### [v4.c60.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.11) Āpastamba-śrautasūtra- edited by Dr. Garbe (B. I. Series). ### [v4.c60.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.12) Āśvalāyana-gṛhya-sūtra with Nārāyaṇa's commentary (Nirṇayasāgara edition). ### [v4.c60.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.13) Āśvalāyana-śrautasūtra with the commentary of Nārāyaṇa (B. I. Series). ### [v4.c60.14](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.14) Baudhāyanadharmasūtra (Ānan). ### [v4.c60.15](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.15) Baudhāyana-gṛhya-śeṣasūtra (ed. by Dr. Sham Sastri in Mysore University Oriental Library publications, (1920). ### [v4.c60.16](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.16) Baudhāyana-gṛhya-paribhāṣā (in the above edition). ### [v4.c60.17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.17) Baudhāyana-pitṛmedhasūtra (contained in the Mysore edition above). ### [v4.c60.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.18) Baudhāyana-śrauta-sūtra (ed. by Dr. Caland in B. I. Series). ### [v4.c60.19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.19) Bhāradvāja-gṛhya-sūtra, ed. by Dr. Salomons (Leyden, 1913). ### [v4.c60.20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.20) Bṛhad-devatā, ed. by Prof. A. A. Macdonell in the Harvard Oriental Series (two volumes). ### [v4.c60.21](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.21) Gautama-dharmasūtra (Ānan.). ### [v4.c60.22](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.22) Gobhila-gṛhyasūtra (B. I. Series). ### [v4.c60.23](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.23) Gobhila-smṛti (Ānan.). ### [v4.c60.24](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.24) Hiraṇyakeśi-gṛhya-sūtra, edited by Dr. J. Kirste (Vienna 1889). ### [v4.c60.25](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.25) Jaimini's Pūrva-mīmāṁsā-sūtra with the Bhāṣya of Śabara (Ānan.) ### [v4.c60.26](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.26) Kāṭhaka-gṛhya, with the commentaries of Ādityadarśana, Devapāla and Brāhmaṇabala, ed. by Dr. Caland (1925). ### [v4.c60.27](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.27) Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra, edited by Dr. Weber, 1859. ### [v4.c60.28](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.28) Kauśika-sūtra, edited by Prof. Bloomfield, 1890. ### [v4.c60.29](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.29) Khādira-gṛhya-sūtra with the commentary of Rudraskanda (Mysore Government Oriental Library Series). ### [v4.c60.30](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.30) Mānavagṛhya-sūtra with the commentary of Aṣṭāvakra (Gaikwad Oriental Series, Baroda). ### [v4.c60.31](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.31) Nirukta of Yāska edited by Roth. Sometimes the edition of Prof. V. K. Rajwade with a translation and notes in Marathi has been relied upon. ### [v4.c60.32](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.32) Pāraskara-gṛhya-sūtra edited by MM. Shridharshastri Pathak with a Marathi translation. ### [v4.c60.33](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.33) Śāṅkhāyana-gṛhya-sūtra (same as Kauṣītaki-gṛhya-sūtra), published in the Benares Sanskrit Series. ### [v4.c60.34](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.34) Śāṅkhāyanaśrautasūtra, edited by Dr. Hillebrandt (B. I. Series). ### [v4.c60.35](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.35) Satyāṣāḍha-śrautasūtra (Ānan.) ### [v4.c60.36](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.36) Vaikhānasa-smārta-sūtra, edited with English translation by Dr. Caland, Calcutta, 1927. ### [v4.c60.37](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.37) Vārāhagṛhya-sūtra (Gaikwad Oriental Series, Baroda). ### [v4.c60.38](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.38) Vasiṣṭha-dharmasūtra (Bombay S. Series). ### [v4.c60.39](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.39) Viṣṇudharmasūtra, edited by Dr. Jolly. ### [v4.c60.40](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.40) Smṛtis ### [v4.c60.41](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.41) Āpastamba-smṛti (in verse)—Ānan. ### [v4.c60.42](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.42) Arthaśāstra of Kauṭilya—edited by Dr. Sham Sastri (Mysore, 1919). ### [v4.c60.43](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.43) Atri-smṛti (Ānan.). ### [v4.c60.44](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.44) Auśanasa-smṛti (Jiv.). ### [v4.c60.45](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.45) Bṛhat-Parāśarasmṛti (Jiv.). ### [v4.c60.46](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.46) Caturviṃśati-mata-saṃgraha (Benares Sanskrit Series). ### [v4.c60.47](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.47) Dakṣasmṛti (Ānan.). ### [v4.c60.48](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.48) Devalasmṛti (Ānan.). ### [v4.c60.49](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.49) Harivaṃśa (Veṅkaṭeśvara Press edition). ### [v4.c60.50](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.50) Kātyāyana-smṛti on Vyavahāra (re-constructed by P. V. Kane under the title ‘Kātyāyanasmṛtisāroddhāra,’ with English translation and notes). ### [v4.c60.51](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.51) Laghu-Āśvalāyana-smṛti (Ānan.). ### [v4.c60.52](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.52) Laghu-Hārita-smṛti (Ānan.). ### [v4.c60.53](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.53) Laghu-Viṣṇu-smṛti (Ānan.). ### [v4.c60.54](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.54) Laghu-Vyāsa (Jiv.). ### [v4.c60.55](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.55) Mahābhārata with the commentary of Nīlakaṇṭha (the oblong Bombay edition). In some places the corresponding critical edition of the Epic issued from the Bhandarkar O. R. Institute has been referred to. ### [v4.c60.56](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.56) Manusmṛti with the commentary of Kullūka (Nirṇayasāgara edition); where other commentaries are referred to, it is Mandlik's edition with six commentaries that is cited. ### [v4.c60.57](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.57) Nāradasmṛti, edited by Dr. Jolly. ### [v4.c60.58](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.58) Parāśarasmṛti (Bombay S. Series). ### [v4.c60.59](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.59) Prajāpati-smṛti (Ānan.). Vedavyāsa-smṛti (Ānan.). Vṛddha-Gautama-smṛti (Jīv.). Vṛddha-Hārīta-smṛti (Ānan.). Yājñavalkyasmṛti with the Mitākṣarā (Nirṇayasāgara edition) ### [v4.c60.60](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.60) Purāṇas ### [v4.c60.61](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.61) Agnipurāṇa-(Ānan.) Bhāgavatapurāṇa with the commentary of Śrīdhara (Ganpat Krishnaji Press). Brahmāṇḍapurāṇa (Veṅkaṭeśvara Press, Bombay). Brahmapurāṇa-(Ānan.) Bṛhan-Nāradīya-purāṇa (Veṅkaṭeśvara Press edition, Bombay). Garuḍa-purāṇa (Veṅkaṭeśvara Press edition). Kālikā-purāṇa (Veṅkaṭeśvara Press edition). Kalki-purāṇa (Veṅkaṭeśvara Press edition). Kūrmapurāṇa. Liṅgapurāṇa (Veṅkaṭeśvara Press edition). Mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇa (B. I. Series). Matsyapurāṇa (Ānan.). Nāradīyapurāṇa (Veṅkaṭeśvara Press ed., Bombay); sometimes cited as Bṛhan-Nāradīya. Nṛsiṁhapurāṇa, (published by Messrs. Gopal Narayan & Co., Bombay 1911). Vāyupurāṇa (Ānan.). Viṣṇudharmottara-purāṇa (Veṅkaṭeśvara Press, Bombay). Viṣṇupurāṇa with commentary (published by Messrs. Gopal Narayan & Co., Bombay). ### [v4.c60.62](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.62) Commentaries, digests, miscellaneous Sanskrit and Prakrit works and authors. ### [v4.c60.63](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.63) Abhilaṣitārthacintāmaṇi (also called Mānasollāsa)-published in the Gaikwad Oriental Series, Baroda. Ācāraratna-Nirṇayasāgara Press, Bombay (Pothi size). Aparārka's commentary on the Yājñavalkya smṛti (Ānan.). Asahāya—see under Nāradasmṛti. Bālambhaṭṭī—edited by Principal J. R. Gharpure. Bārhaspatyasūtra, edited by Dr. F. W. Thomas, Lahore, 1921. Bhāmatī of Vācaspatimiśra, com. on Śaṅkara's bhāṣya on the Vedāntasūtra (Nirṇayasāgara Press). ### [v4.c60.64](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.64) Bhavanātha's Nayaviveka (Madras University Sanskrit Series, No. 12). ### [v4.c60.65](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.65) Bṛhatī, commentary of Prabhākara on Jaimini's Pūrvamīmāṁsāsūtra (Tarkapāda)—in the Madras University Sanskrit Press, 1936. ### [v4.c60.66](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.66) Bṛhatsaṁhitā of Varāhamihira with the commentary of Utpala edited by MM. Sudhakara Dvivedi in two volumes, Benares. ### [v4.c60.67](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.67) Budhabhūṣaṇa, edited by Prof. H. D. Velankar, Bombay. ### [v4.c60.68](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.68) Daṇḍanīti, of Keśavapaṇḍita, edited by V. S. Bendrey, Poona. ### [v4.c60.69](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.69) Daṇḍaviveka of Vardhamāna (Gaikwad Oriental Series). ### [v4.c60.70](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.70) Daśakumāracarita of Daṇḍin (Bombay Sanskrit Series). ### [v4.c60.71](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.71) Dattakacandrikā (Ānan.). ### [v4.c60.72](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.72) Dattakamīmāṁsā (Ānan.). ### [v4.c60.73](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.73) Dāyabhāga of Jīmūtavāhana (Jīv. 1863). ### [v4.c60.74](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.74) Dāyatattva of Raghunandana (Jīv.) ### [v4.c60.75](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.75) Dharmadvaitanirṇaya of Śaṅkarabhaṭṭa (ed. by Principal J. R. Gharpure). ### [v4.c60.76](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.76) Dharmakośa, Vyavahārakāṇḍa, vol. I-III published by Prājñapāṭhaśālā-maṇḍala, Wai. ### [v4.c60.77](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.77) Dharmasindhu of Kāśīnātha with Marathi translation (Nirṇayasāgara Press, 6th ed. of 1936). ### [v4.c60.78](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.78) Dīpakalikā, com. on Yājñavalkyasmṛti (ed. by Principal J. R. Gharpure). ### [v4.c60.79](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4.c60.79) Divyatattva of Raghunandana (Jīv.). _First 200 of 5,910 passages. [Read on](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4)_ ## Linked texts (148) - [Jātaka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.theravada.sp.khuddaka.jataka) — Pāli - [Agnipurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.agni) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Nāradapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.narada) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Bhāgavatapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.bhagavata) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Baudhāyanaśrautasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.srauta.baudhayana) — Baudhāyana, Sanskrit - [Brahmāṇḍapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.brahmanda) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Brahmapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.brahma) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Rājataraṅgiṇī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.historical.kashmir.rajatarangini) — Kalhaṇa, Sanskrit - [Garuḍapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.garuda) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Āpastambaśrautasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.srauta.apastamba) — Āpastamba, Sanskrit - [Vāyupurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.vayu) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Vaiyākaraṇasiddhāntakaumudī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.prakriya.siddhantakaumudi) — Bhaṭṭoji Dīkṣita 1600, Sanskrit - [Kalkipurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.upa.vaisnava.kalki) — Sanskrit - [Liṅgapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.linga) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Kālikāpurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.upa.sakta.kalika) — Sanskrit - [Matsyapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.matsya) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Hiraṇyakeśiśrautasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.srauta.hiranyakesi) — Hiraṇyakeśin, Sanskrit - [Kauṣītakibrāhmaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.kausitaki) — Kauṣītaki, Sanskrit - [Kātyāyanaśrautasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.srauta.katyayana) — Kātyāyana (Vājasaneyi sūtrakāra), Sanskrit - [Kūrmapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.kurma) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Kauṭilīya Arthaśāstra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.artha.kautilya) — Kauṭilya, Sanskrit - [Śāṅkhāyanaśrautasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.srauta.sankhayana) — Śāṅkhāyana, Sanskrit - [Mārkaṇḍeyapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.markandeya) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Aṣṭādhyāyī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.astadhyayi) — Pāṇini, Sanskrit - [Narasiṃhapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.upa.vaisnava.narasimha) — Sanskrit - [Āśvalāyanaśrautasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.srauta.asvalayana) — Āśvalāyana, Sanskrit - [Bṛhatsaṃhitā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.astro.samhita.rsi.brhatsamhita) — Varāhamihira, Sanskrit - [Vaiṣṇava Dharmaśāstra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.visnu) — Viṣṇu, Sanskrit - [Mīmāṃsāsūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.mimamsasutra) — Jaimini, Sanskrit - [Divyāvadāna](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.sanskrit.avadana.divyavadana) — Sanskrit - [Mānava Dharmaśāstra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.manu) — Manu & Bhṛgu, Sanskrit - [Mṛcchakaṭika](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.plays.prakarana.mrcchakatika) — Śūdraka, Sanskrit - [Taittirīyasaṃhitā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.samhita.krsnayajur*taittiriya) — Sanskrit - [Taittirīyabrāhmaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.taittiriya) — Sanskrit - [Baudhāyanadharmasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.dharma.baudhayana) — Baudhāyana, Sanskrit - [Līlāvaī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.kavya.prakrit.lilavai) — Kouhala, Māhārāṣṭrī Prakrit - [Āpastambadharmasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.dharma.apastamba) — Āpastamba, Sanskrit - [Śāṅkhāyanagṛhyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.sankhayana) — Śāṅkhāyana, Sanskrit - [Gobhilagṛhyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.gobhila) — Gobhila, Sanskrit - [Vasiṣṭhadharmasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.dharma.vasistha) — Vasiṣṭha, Sanskrit - [Yājñavalkyasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.yajnavalkya) — Yājñavalkya, Sanskrit - [Gautamadharmasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.dharma.gautama) — Gautama (dharmasūtrakāra), Sanskrit - [Kātyāyanasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.katyayana) — Kātyāyana (smṛtikāra), Sanskrit - [Nāradasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.narada) — Nārada, Sanskrit - [Mānavagṛhyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.manava) — Sanskrit - [Āśvalāyanagṛhyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.asvalayana) — Āśvalāyana, Sanskrit - [Pāraskaragṛhyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.paraskara) — Pāraskara, Sanskrit - [Bṛhaddevatā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.misc.anukramani.brhaddevata) — Śaunaka, Sanskrit - [Kāvyamīmāṃsā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.alamkara.kavisiksa.kavyamimamsa) — Rājaśekhara, Sanskrit - [Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.upa.vaisnava.visnudharmottara) — Sanskrit - [Kauṣītakibrāhmaṇopaniṣad](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.kausitaki) — Sanskrit - [Kāṭhakasaṃhitā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.samhita.krsnayajur*kathaka) — Sanskrit - [Chāndogyopaniṣad](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.chandogya) — Sanskrit - [Kāṭhakagṛhyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.kathaka) — Laugākṣi, Sanskrit - [Parāśarasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.parasara) — Parāśara, Sanskrit - [Khādiragṛhyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.khadira) — Khādira, Sanskrit - [Hiraṇyakeśigṛhyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.hiranyakesi) — Hiraṇyakeśin, Sanskrit - [Nītiprakāśikā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.artha.nitiprakasika) — Vaiśampāyana, Sanskrit - [Daśakumāracarita](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.novels.prasiddha.dasakumaracarita) — Daṇḍin, Sanskrit - [Karmapradīpa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.misc.parisista.karmapradipa) — Kātyāyana (Vājasaneyi sūtrakāra), Sanskrit - [Vaikhānasasmārtasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.vaikhanasa) — Vikhanas, Sanskrit - [Nirukta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.nirukta.yaska) — Yāska, Sanskrit - [Āpastambagṛhyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.apastamba) — Āpastamba, Sanskrit - [Mālavikāgnimitra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.plays.udayana.malavikagnimitra) — Kālidāsa, Sanskrit - [Kauśikasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.kausika) — Kauśika, Sanskrit - [Bhāradvājagṛhyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.bharadvaja) — Sanskrit - [Harṣacarita](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.historical.harsacarita) — Bāṇabhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Vārāhagṛhyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.varaha) — Sanskrit - [Pañcaviṃśabrāhmaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.pancavimsa) — Sanskrit - [Aitareyabrāhmaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.aitreya) — Mahidāsa Aitareya, Sanskrit - [Vīramitrodaya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.viramitrodaya) — Mitramiśra 1610, Sanskrit - [Vedavyāsasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.upasmrti.vedavyasasmrti) — Sanskrit - [Tibetan translation ('Chi med mdzod)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.paryaya.amarakosa*bo) — Classical Tibetan - [Taittirīyāraṇyaka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.aranyaka.taittiriya) — Sanskrit - [Dakṣasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.upasmrti.daksa) — Dakṣa, Sanskrit - [Āpastambasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.upasmrti.apastamba) — Sanskrit - [Atrismṛti (Atrisaṃhitā)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.upasmrti.atri) — Atri, Sanskrit - [Tantravārttika](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.mimamsasutra!sabara!tantravarttika) — Kumārila Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Ekāgnikāṇḍa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.grhya.ekagnikanda) — Sanskrit - [Aitareyāraṇyaka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.aranyaka.aitareya) — Sanskrit - [Kādambarī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.novels.prasiddha.kadambari) — Bāṇabhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Auśanasasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.upasmrti.usanas) — Uśanas (Śukra), Sanskrit - [Brahmasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.vedanta.brahmasutra) — Bādarāyaṇa, Sanskrit - [Bārhaspatyasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.nastika.carvaka.brhaspatisutra) — Bṛhaspati, Sanskrit - [Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣad](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.upanisad.mukhya.brhadaranyaka) — Sanskrit - [Epigraphia Indica](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.epigraphy.corpora.ei) - [Mahābhārata](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.mahabharata.vyasa) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Pañcatantra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.short_stories.pancatantra) — Viṣṇuśarman, Sanskrit - [Raghuvaṃśa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.kavya.mahakavya.rama.raghuvamsa) — Kālidāsa, Sanskrit - [Vājasaneyisaṃhitā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.samhita.suklayajur*vajasaneyi) — Sanskrit - [Yogayātrā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.astro.yatra.yogayatra) — Varāhamihira, Sanskrit - [Harivaṃśa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.mahabharata.harivamsa) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Kāmasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.kama.vatsyayana) — Vātsyāyana Mallanāga, Sanskrit - [Ṛgvedasaṃhitā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.samhita.rg) — Sanskrit - [Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.epigraphy.corpora.cii) - [Devalasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.upasmrti.devala) — Devala, Sanskrit - [Viṣṇupurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.visnu) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Atharvavedasaṃhitā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.samhita.atharva) — Atharvan & Aṅgiras, Sanskrit - [Vālmīkirāmāyaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.ramayana.valmiki) — Vālmīki, Sanskrit - [Vṛddha Hārīta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.laghuvrddha.vrddhaharita) — Hārīta, Sanskrit - [Śatapathabrāhmaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.satapatha) — Yājñavalkya & Śāṇḍilya (Vedic teacher), Sanskrit - [Abhijñānaśākuntala](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.plays.sakuntala) — Kālidāsa, Sanskrit - [Gopathabrāhmaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.gopatha) — Sanskrit - [Kṛtyakalpataru](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.krtyakalpataru) — Lakṣmīdhara Bhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Mānasollāsa (Abhilaṣitārthacintāmaṇi)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.manasollasa) — Someśvara III, Sanskrit - [Bṛhannāradīyapurāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.purana.upa.vaisnava.brhannaradiya) — Sanskrit - [Vaijayantī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.paryaya.vaijayanti) — Yādavaprakāśa, Sanskrit - [Rājadharmakaustubha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.rajadharma.rajadharmakaustubha) — Anantadeva 1645, Sanskrit - [Caturvargacintāmaṇi](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.caturvargacintamani) — Hemādri, Sanskrit - [Vyavahāraprakāśa (Mitramiśra)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vyavahara.vyavaharaprakasa) — Mitramiśra 1753, Sanskrit - [Vivādaratnākara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vyavahara.vivada.vivadaratnakara) — Caṇḍeśvara, Sanskrit - [Gṛhastharatnākara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.acara.ahnika.grhastharatnakara) — Caṇḍeśvara, Sanskrit - [Nītivākyāmṛta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.artha.nitivakyamrta) — Somadevasūri, Sanskrit - [Ācāraratna (Maṇirāma)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.acara.bhatta.acararatna) — Maṇirāma 1630, Sanskrit - [Sarasvatīvilāsa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.sarasvativilasa) — Pratāparudradeva, Sanskrit - [Śūdrakamalākara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.jati.sudrakamalakara) — Kamalākarabhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Smṛticandrikā (Āpadeva)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.smrticandrika-apadeva) — Āpadeva 1600, Sanskrit - [Yaśastilaka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.jaina.post.kavya.yasastilaka) — Somadevasūri, Sanskrit - [Nirṇayasindhu](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.nirnaya.nirnayasindhu) — Kamalākarabhaṭṭa 1612, Sanskrit - [Smṛtikaustubha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.smrtikaustubha) — Anantadeva 1638, Sanskrit - [Kṛtyaratnākara (Caṇḍeśvara)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.krtya.krtyaratnakara) — Caṇḍeśvara, Sanskrit - [Budhabhūṣaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.rajadharma.budhabhusana) — Sambhurāja 1680, Sanskrit - [Mīmāṃsākaustubha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.bhatta.mimamsakaustubha) — Khaṇḍadeva 1640, Sanskrit - [Vyavahāramayūkha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.vyavaharamayukha) — Nīlakaṇṭhabhaṭṭa 1610, Sanskrit - [Rājanītiprakāśa (Mitramiśra)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.rajadharma.rajanitiprakasa) — Mitramiśra, Sanskrit - [Dharmasindhu](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.krtya.dharmasindhu) — Kāśīnātha Upādhyāya 1790, Sanskrit - [Madanapārijāta](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.madanaparijata) — Viśveśvarabhaṭṭa, Sanskrit - [Daṇḍaviveka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vyavahara.dandaviveka) — Vardhamāna Upādhyāya, Sanskrit - [Dāyabhāga](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.dayabhaga) — Jīmūtavāhana, Sanskrit - [Kālamayūkha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.kala.bhatta.kalamayukha) — Nīlakaṇṭha Dīkṣita, Sanskrit - [Nayaviveka](https://indike.org/pramana/in.darsana.mimamsa.prabhakara.nayaviveka) — Bhavanātha, Sanskrit - [Prabandhacintāmaṇi](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.historical.jaina.prabandhacintamani) — Merutuṅga, Sanskrit - [Smṛtimuktāphala](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.smrtimuktaphala) — Vaidyanātha Dīkṣita 1575, Sanskrit - [Smṛtyarthasāra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.smrtisamgraha.smrtyarthasara) — Śrīdhara (Smṛtyarthasāra), Sanskrit - [Divyatattva](https://indike.org/pramana/in.sampradaya.vaisnava.tantra.divyatattva) — Devanātha 1629, Sanskrit - [Sāmavidhānabrāhmaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.samavidhana) — Sanskrit - [Vivādacintāmaṇi](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.vivadacintamani) — Vācaspatimiśra (Maithila smārta), Sanskrit - [Nṛsiṃhaprasāda](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.nibandha.mahanibandha.nrsimhaprasada) — Dalapatirāja 1511, Sanskrit - [Rājanītiratnākara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.artha.rajanitiratnakara) — Caṇḍeśvara Ṭhakkura, Sanskrit - [Saṃskārakaustubha](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.samskara.samskarakaustubha) — Anantadeva 1625, Sanskrit - [Prajāpatismṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.upasmrti.prajapati) — Sanskrit - [Dattakamīmāṃsā (Nandapaṇḍita)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vyavahara.dattaka.dattakamimamsa) — Nandapaṇḍita 1580, Sanskrit - [Baudhāyanapitṛmedhasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.pitrmedha.baudhayana) — Baudhāyana, Sanskrit - [Dāyatattva](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vyavahara.daya.dayatattva) — Raghunandana, Sanskrit - [Vyavahāratattva (Nīlakaṇṭha Dīkṣita)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vyavahara.vyavaharatattva-nilakantha) — Nīlakaṇṭha Dīkṣita, Sanskrit - [Dattakacandrikā (Kuberapaṇḍita)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.vyavahara.dattakacandrika) — Kuberapaṇḍita 1775, Sanskrit - [Bṛhatparāśara](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.laghuvrddha.brhatparasara) — Suvrata, Sanskrit - [Laghuhārīta smṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.laghuvrddha.laghuharitasmrti) — Hārīta, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v4) · Pramāṇa