[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Polity, law and society](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity) › [The Political Institutions and Theories of the Hindus: A Study in Comparative Politics](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922) › c4 # The Political Institutions and Theories of the Hindus: A Study in Comparative Politics c4: Contents The Political Institutions and Theories of the Hindus: A Study in Comparative Politics c4 - **Language:** English ### Contents ### [c4.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922.c4.1) | Preface | VII | | Authorities Cited | XIII | | CHAPTER I. Comparative Politics from Hindu Data. | | | Section 1. A \*Yugântara\* in Political World-View | 1 | | Section 2. The Instrument of Interpretation | 5 | | CHAPTER II. Hindu Political Development. | | | Section 1. The Tenacity of Monarchy in the West | 10 | | Section 2. The State-Systems of Ancient India | 13 | | Section 3. Pax \*Sârva-bhaumica\* (Peace of the World-State) | 19 | | PART. I. THE HINDU CONSTITUTION | | | CHAPTER III. Hindu Achievements in Organization. | | | Section 1. Property and Woman in Private Law | 27 | | Section 2. Institutional \*Viriya\* (Energism) | 30 | | Section 3. Organized Charities and Utilities | 34 | | Section 4. The Politics of Ecclesiastical Bodies (\*Samghas\*) | 37 | | Section 5. \*Śreṇîs\* (Gilds) of Peasants, Artisans and Merchants | 40 | | CHAPTER IV. The Public Law of the Hindus. | | | Section 1. \*Sabhâs\* or Administrative Assemblies | 50 | | Section 2. The \*Sva-râj\* of Rural Communes | 51 | | Section 3. Municipal Government. | 60 | | Section 4. Supreme Councils | 67 | | Section 5. The Making of Laws (\*Śâsanas\*) | 72 | | Section 6. The Jury System (\*Ubbahika\*) | 81 | | Section 7. Deposition and Election of Kings | 83 | | CHAPTER V. The Hindu Machinery of Imperial Nationalism. | | | Section 1. The War Office | 87 | | Section 2. The Civil Service | 98 | | Section 3. The Judiciary | 107 | | Section 4. National Finance | 111 | | CHAPTER VI. Ganas or Republics of the Hindus (c B. C. 600—A. C. 350). | | | Section 1. Republicanism in the Occident | 137 | | Section 2. Three Periods of Hindu Republics | 139 | | a) Third Period (B. C. 150—A. C. 350) | 139 | | b) Second Period (B. C. 350—300) | 141 | | c) First Period (B. C. 600—450) | 145 | | Section 3. Valuation of India's Democratic Attainments | 150 | ### [c4.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922.c4.2) PART. II. THE CONCEPTS OF HINDU POLITICS. ### [c4.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922.c4.3) CHAPTER VII. Hindu Literature on Politics. ### [c4.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922.c4.4) Section 1. Political Speculation in Ancient India . . . . . 155 Section 2. \*Nîti-Sâstras\* . . . . . 158 Section 3. Scope and Province of \*Nîti-Sâstra\* . . . . . 161 Section 4. Relativity of Political \*Sâstra\* to Politics . . . . . . . . . . . 163 ### [c4.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922.c4.5) CHAPTER VIII. The Theory of the Constitution in Hindu Political Philosophy. ### [c4.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922.c4.6) Section 1. The Doctrine of \*Saptâmga\* (Seven Limbs) . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Section 2. A Moslem Review . . . . . 169 Section 3. The \*Prakriti\* (People) and the State . . . . . 171 Section 4. Kingship a Public Office . . . . . 174 Section 5. Ministry the Pivot of National Life . . . . . 176 Section 6. Right to Revolt . . . . . 179 Section 7. Taxes (\*Bali\*) as Wages and Prices . . . . . 183 Section 8. Militarism and \*Machtpolitik\* (\*Sakti-Yoga\*) . . . . . . . . . . . 186 Section 9. Caste and Public Service . . . . . 189 ### [c4.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922.c4.7) CHAPTER IX. The Theory of Sovereignty in Hindu Political Philosophy. ### [c4.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922.c4.8) Section 1. The Theory of the State . . . . . 193 a) The Doctrine of \*Mâtsya-Nyâya\* (The Logic of the Fish) . . . . . . . . 193 b) The Doctrine of \*Danda\* (Punishment, Coercion, Sanction) . . . . . . . 197 Section 2. The Theory of Property, Law and Social Order . . . . . . . . . 203 a) The Doctrine of \*Mamatva\* (Property) . . . . . 203 b) The Doctrine of \*Dharma\* (Law, Justice and Duty) . . . . . . . . . . . 205 c) The Doctrine of \*Varnâsrama\* (Classes and Stages) . . . . . . . . . . . 212 Section 3. The Theory of International Relations . . . . . 214 a) The Doctrine of \*Mandala\* (Sphere of Influence) . . . . . 214 b) The Doctrine of \*Sârva-bhauma\* (World-Sovereign) . . . . . . . . . . . 222 ### [c4.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922.c4.9) Index- ### [c4.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922.c4.10) I. Indian . . . . . 227 II. Oriental . . . . . 234 III. Eur-American . . . . . 236 --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922.c4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sarkar-1922.c4) · Pramāṇa