[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Polity, law and society](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity) › [The Military System of the Marathas, with a Brief Account of Their Maritime Activities](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sen-1928) › c20.29 # The Military System of the Marathas, with a Brief Account of Their Maritime Activities c20.29 The Military System of the Marathas, with a Brief Account of Their Maritime Activities c20.29 - **Language:** English ### [c20.29](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sen-1928.c20.29) Golandaz—(From \*gola\*, a ball, and \*andakhtan\*, to throw) Gunner. Gumashta—Agent or factor. \*Hon\* — Gold coin (from Canarese \*honnu\*, gold). Wilson quoted in \*Hobson Jobson\*, p. 425. The value of this coin varied at different places and different times. From a manuscript in the Bodleian Library (Rawlinson Manuscript 841, fol. 1) it appears that the weight of a Kaveripak pagoda (or hon) was 2 dw. 5 gr. 8m. ½ atts and its value in Madras currency (in 1679-80) was 18 fanams 1 cash. ‘Accounts at Madras down to 1818 were kept in pagodas, fanams and Kas; and 8 Kas = 1 fanam, 42 fanams = 1 pagoda. In the year named the rupee was made the standard coin. The pagoda was then reckoned as equivalent to 3½ rupees.’ \*Hobson Jobson\*, p. 653. \*Houdah\* — Seat carried by an elephant. \*Howda\* — See \*Houdah\*. \*Inam\* — ‘Arabic. \*in’am\*, “a gift” (from a superior), “a favour” but specially in India a gift of rent free land; also land so held.’ \*Hobson Jobson\*, p. 433. \*Jahgir\* — (from \*Jah\*, a place, and \*giriftan\*, to take.) ‘An assignment of the land revenue of a certain number of villages or of a sub-division.’ Irvine, \*The Army of the Indian Moghuls\*, p. 14. \*Jamadar\* — Petty officer. \*Jamadar\* — Treasurer. \*Jari Patka\* — ‘The Banner, “Zari-patta” which was always carried before Ragobah, was small and swallow-tailed of crimson and gold tissue with gold fringes and tassels.’ Egerton of Tatton, \*Indian and Oriental Armour\*, p. 114. \*Jasud\* — Scout. \*Jejala\* — (\*Jajail\* or \*Gingall\*). ‘A wall-piece or swivel gun.’ Irvine, \*The Army of the Indian Moghuls\*, pp. 109-11. ‘They use large heavy wall pieces called gingalls, which send a ball of two or more ounces to a very considerable distance.’ Fitzclarence, \*Journal of a Route across India\*, p. 246. \*Jinsa\* — Grand park of artillery. See p. 149. Irvine interprets \*Jinsi\* as ‘the artillery attached to the emperor’s person.’ \*The Army of the Indian Moghuls\*, p. 133. \*Karbhari\* — ‘A manager or Major domo.’ Molesworth, \*A Dictionary—Marathi and English\*, p. 159. ‘An agent, a manager.’ \*Hobson Jobson\*, p. 475. \*Karkounas\* — More correctly, \*korkhono\*, a workshop, a manufactory. The word, when applied to a state department, means a royal establishment. See Sen, \*Administrative System of the Marathas\*, p. 668. \*Kaul\* — Writing of assurance, agreement or engagements as granted by Government. \*Kaveripak Hon\* — See \*Hon\*. \*Khalasi\* — Seaman, chainman, tentpitcher, gunner or artillery man. \*Khandi\* — Measure of weight equivalent to twenty maunds. \*Khasnis\* — Private scribe of king or grandee. \*Khijmatgar\* — More correctly \*khidmatgar\* (from Arabic \*khidmat\*, service), a servant. \*Kuran\* — Ground preserved for growing grass. - [Previous: c20.28](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sen-1928.c20.28) - [Next: c20.30](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sen-1928.c20.30) - [Up: c20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sen-1928.c20) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sen-1928.c20.29](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sen-1928.c20.29) · Pramāṇa