[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Polity, law and society](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity) › [Shudras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order down to circa A.D. 600](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958) › c13.540 # Shudras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order down to circa A.D. 600 c13.540 Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order down to circa A.D. 600 c13.540 - **Language:** English ### [c13.540](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958.c13.540) Pt.II, Fascicule 19, pp. 660-661. The \*pākayajñas\* are also recommended for all the \*dasyus\* (\*ŚP\*, 65. 21-22), which shows that these were being extended to the people outside brāhmaṇical fold. Cf. \*Bṛhaspati\*, \*Saṃskāra\*, verse 529. 1. \*ŚP.\*, 60. 37-38. 2. ...\*yajño manīṣayā tāta sarvavarṇeṣu bhārata; ... tasmātsarveṣu varṇeṣu śraddhāyajno vidhīyate. ŚP\*, 60. 39-43, cf. 51-52. The term \*sarvavarṇa\* is glossed as \*traivarṇika\* by the comm. Cn (according to the classification of the Critical Edn.). Fascicule, 19, pp. 660-661. 3. \*Yāj.\*, III. 262. 4. Gampert, \*Die Sühnezeremonien in der Altindischen Rechtsliteratur\*, p. 94. 5. \*Br.\*, \*Prāyaścitta\*, verse 60. 6. \*Br.\*, \*Saṃskāra\*, verse 101. But the metal of the needle for piercing ears differs according to the varṇa of the child (\*Ibid.\*). 7. \*Ibid.\*, \*Saṃskāra\*, verse 154 (a). 8. R. B. Pandey, \*Hindu Saṃskāras\*, p. 161. 9. \*cūḍākarma dvijātīnāṃ sarveṣāmeva dharmataḥ\*. Manu, II. 35. - [Previous: c13.539](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958.c13.539) - [Next: c13.541](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958.c13.541) - [Up: c13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958.c13) ## Cites (4) - [Mānava Dharmaśāstra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.manu.2.35) — Manu & Bhṛgu, Sanskrit - [Yājñavalkyasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.yajnavalkya.3.262) — Yājñavalkya, Sanskrit - [Bṛhaspatismṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.uddhrta.brhaspati) — Bṛhaspati, Sanskrit - [Mahābhārata](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.mahabharata.vyasa) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958.c13.540](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958.c13.540) · Pramāṇa