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Shudras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order down to circa A.D. 600 c17.s7: Chapter VI: Crisis in the Old Order

Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order down to circa A.D. 600 c17.s7

Language
English

Contents

Chapter VI: Crisis in the Old Order

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(c. 200 B.C.—c. A.D. 300)

Original Sources

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Texts

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*Āraṇyaka Parva of Mahābhārata*, Ed., V.S. Sukthankar, Critical Edn., Vol. III, pt. I; Vol. IV, pt. II, Poona, 1942. Dramas of Bhāsa: *Avimāraka, Bālacarita, Pañcarātra and Pratimā-nāṭaka*, Ed. T. Gaṇapati Śāstrī, Trivandrum, 1912-15. *Divyāvadāna*, Ed. E. B. Cowell and F. A. Neil, Cambridge, 1886. *Lalita Vistara*, Ed. S. Lefmann, 2 vols., Halle, 1902-1908. *Mahābhāṣya of Patañjali*, Ed. F. Kielhorn, 3 vols., Bombay, 1892-1909. *Mahāvastu*, Ed. E. Senart, 3 vols., Paris, 1882-97. *Manu Smṛti or Mānava Dharmaśāstra*, Ed. V. N. Mandlik, Bombay, 1886. Tr. G. Bühler, *SBE*, xxv, Oxford, 1886. *Milindapañho*, Ed. V. Trenckner, London, 1928. Tr. T. W. Rhys Davids, *SBE*, xxxv-xxxvi, Oxford, 1890-4. *Paṃṇavaṇā Sūtra* (with the comm. of Malayagiri), 2 vols., Banaras, 1884. *Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra* with N. D. Mironov's readings from Central Asian MSS., Ed. N. Dutt, Calcutta, 1952. Tr. H. Kern, *SBE*, xxi, Oxford, 1884.

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*Yuga Purāṇa*, Ed. D. R. Mankad, Vallabhavidyanagar, 1951. Inscriptions Lüder’s List of Inscriptions, *EI*, x.

Secondary Works

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G. L. Adhya, *Early Indian Economics: Studies in the Economic Life of Northern and Western India c. 200 BG.-300 A.D.* Bombay, 1966.

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R. C. Agrawala, “Position of Slaves and Serfs as depicted in the Kharosthi Documents from Chinese Turkestan”, *IHQ*, xxix, 1953, 97-110.

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K. V. Rangaswami Aiyangar, *Aspects of the Social and Political System of Manusmṛti*, Lucknow, 1949.

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” ” *Rājadharma*, Madras 1941.

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Tan Chang, “Ancient China’s Quest for Indian Products,” *The Sunday Statesman, Magazine Section*, 6 April 1969.

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E. W. Hopkins, *The Mutual Relations of the Four Castes according to the Mānavadharmaśāstram*, Leipzig, 1881.

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G. F. Ilyin, “Śūdras und Slaven in den altindischen Gesetzbuchern”, *Sowjetwissenschaft* (Berlin), 1952, No. 2., pp. 94-107.

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K. P. Jayaswal, *History of India, 150 A.D. to 350 A.D.*, Lahore, 1933.

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B. B. Lal, “Examination of some Ancient Indian Glass Specimens”, *AI*, Vol. viii, 1952-5.

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Michael Loewe, “Spices and Silk: Aspects of World Trade in the first Seven Centuries of the Christian Era,” *JRAS*, 1971, 166-79.

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Sir John Marshall, “*Taxila*”, ii, Cambridge, 1951.

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B. N. Puri, “Some Aspects of Economic Life in the Kuṣāṇa Period”, *IC*, xii.

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A. D. Pusalker, *Bhāsa—A Study*, Lahore, 1940.

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R. P. Singh, “Artisans in Manu”, *Proceedings of the 32nd Session of Indian History Congress*, Jabalpur, 1970, Vol. i, 102-117.

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D. A. Suleykin, “Fundamental Problems of the Periodisation of Ancient India”, *Medieval India Quarterly* (Aligarh), i, No. 3-4, 46-58.

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W. W. Tarn, *The Greeks in Bactria and India*, Cambridge, 1938. E. H. Warmington, *The Commerce between the Roman Empire and India*, Cambridge, 1928. R. E. M. Wheeler, *Rome beyond the Imperial Frontiers*, Pelican Series, 1955.