[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Polity, law and society](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity) › [Shudras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order down to circa A.D. 600](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958) › c7.10 # Shudras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order down to circa A.D. 600 c7.10 Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order down to circa A.D. 600 c7.10 - **Language:** English ### [c7.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958.c7.10) Nature of the Dharmasūtras and early Pāli texts 90 Material background from NBP archaeology 95 Appropriation of land and labour 96 Clear definition of the śūdras as a serving class 98 Crafts and craftsmen 92 Śūdras as agricultural labourers 102 Slaves and hired labourers in production 103 Living conditions of the śūdras 106 - [Previous: c7.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958.c7.9) - [Next: c7.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958.c7.11) - [Up: c7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958.c7) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958.c7.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.sharma-1958.c7.10) · Pramāṇa