[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989) › v1.c11.s9 # An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v1.c11.s9: 6.9 Hoes An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v1.c11.s9 - **Language:** English ### 6.9 Hoes ### [v1.c11.s9.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c11.s9.1) The earliest specimens are from sites like NAGDA, NAVDATOLI, CHIRAND and ATRANJIKHERA in levels associated with the NBPW \[4.16\]. The NAVDATOLI finds have been described as ‘split or bent in rings’. Iron hoes with ring-fasteners and sockets were used by the Megalithic people (cf. a specimen from BRAHMAGIRI). \[See MAHURJHARI.\] Hoes of the early centuries of the Christian era found at SISUPALGARH have a tang with a circular section, unlike the socketed ones with ring-fasteners from NAVDATOLI and BRAHMAGIRI. Specimens from KAUṆḌINYAPURA (post-Sātavāhana) and HASTINĀPURA (late historical) are of the earlier type, with the difference that they are socketed with a round splayed base for the easy attachment of a handle. ### [v1.c11.s9.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c11.s9.2) For sites see respective entries in vol. II.—A. BANERJI . ## Linked texts (7) - [Hastināpura](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.hastinapura) - [Atranjikhera](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.atranjikhera) - [Sisupalgarh](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.sisupalgarh) - [Chirand](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.chirand) - [Navdatoli](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.navdatoli) - [Nagda](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.nagda) - [Mahurjhari](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.mahurjhari) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c11.s9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c11.s9) · Pramāṇa