[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989) › v1.c17.s3.20 # An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v1.c17.s3.20 An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v1.c17.s3.20 - **Language:** English ### [v1.c17.s3.20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c17.s3.20) \*12.3.13 Miscellaneous objects.\* Minor ritualistic objects are of a diverse nature and date. A tiny \*triśūla\* of the Mauryan period from SONKH and a small ornate \*cakra\* with \*makara\* pedestal (c. 8th century) from RAJBADIDANGA are notable examples in copper of sacred \*āyudhas\* of a symbolic nature. A spouted \*kamaṇḍalu\* with a semicircular handle, narrow-mouthed globular body and pedestalled base in grey ware associated with the NBPW \[11.16\] from CHIRAND appears to be a jar used in \*dāna\* or other rites. In later periods some of the earthen sprinklers available from many sites seem to have been used as \*kamaṇḍalus\* \[6.28\]. Two inscribed \*śaṅkhas\* each from SALIHUNDAM (c. 2nd century) and NAGARJUNAKONDA (c. 3rd century) appear to have been cult objects. In fact the inscriptions respectively specify the shells as gifts to the \*caitya\* at Śālipeṭaka (SALIHUNDAM) and to the Aṣṭabhujasvāmin temple. Small gold and silver bowls with a central knob found at the Sarvadeva temple site at NAGARJUNAKONDA seem to be objects used in \*pūjā\*. A gold-plated copper spouted jar with a lid and a bronze \*ghaṇṭā\* bearing a pointed handle decked with human head and a \*pūrṇa-ghaṭa\* (dating about the 11th century) were found buried in a hoard at Achutrajapuram in Orissa. - [Previous: v1.c17.s3.19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c17.s3.19) - [Next: v1.c17.s3.21](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c17.s3.21) - [Up: v1.c17.s3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c17.s3) ## Linked texts (5) - [Sonkh](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.sonkh) - [Nāgārjunakoṇḍa](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.nagarjunakonda) - [Chirand](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.chirand) - [Salihundam](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.salihundam) - [Rajbadi-danga (Jadupur)](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.rajbadi-danga-jadupur) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c17.s3.20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c17.s3.20) · Pramāṇa