[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989) › v1.c22.s1.3 # An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v1.c22.s1.3 An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v1.c22.s1.3 - **Language:** English ### [v1.c22.s1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c22.s1.3) In contrast to these Baluchistan settlements the Harappa culture \[4.9\] has a large variety of animal figurines, consisting of the bull, ram, sheep, elephant, tiger, lion (double-headed stylized bust), dog, bear, rhinoceros, unicorn, cow (two specimens from LOTHAL), pig, monkey, cat, squirrel, etc. The horse is absent except for a specimen from LOTHAL and possibly another from Mohenjo-daro. The bull is represented in two varieties: one with a pronounced hump, large horns and stumpy legs and the other with a small hump, short horns and thick neck. The latter is seen at KALIBANGAN, LOTHAL, Harappa and Mohenjo-daro. The non-naturalistic wheeled bull from SURKOTADA, Phase IC differs in the plastic conception from the other Harappa animals which are on the whole realistic in treatment. For instance the folded hide of the rhinoceros is shown by an additional layer of clay and the fleece of the sheep is indicated by nail incisions. The exact function of the Harappa animal figurines is not known but those with an arrangement for wheels and movable neck seem to have been used as toys \[6.7.4\], whereas some figurines of the ram and bull could have been used as votive offerings or cult objects. - [Previous: v1.c22.s1.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c22.s1.2) - [Next: v1.c22.s1.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c22.s1.4) - [Up: v1.c22.s1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c22.s1) ## Linked texts (5) - [Harappā](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.harappa) - [Mohenjo-daro](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.mohenjo-daro) - [Lothal](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.lothal) - [Kālībangan](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.kalibangan) - [Surkotada](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.surkotada) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c22.s1.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c22.s1.3) · Pramāṇa