An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v1.c26.339

Language: English

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MASCA, 87, 108, 169 Mashkai valley, Baluchi cultures of, 232 Maski, 106, 107, 114, 126, 227, 248, 333, 359; *Acacia* Sp. (babul) at, 8; animal remains from, 314; ash-mounds at, 293; ass from, 47; bead-making centre at, 217; bead(s) at, 219; buffalo at, 47; burials at, 124, 125, 247; disc at, 129, 179, 323; domestication of plants from, 47; glass from, 219; graffito-marked pottery from, 359; grey pottery at, 106; handmade figurines at, 180; human remains at, 317; iron axes from, 177; iron chisels of, 178; iron nails at, 238; knife-blades at, 355; lance-handle and spearhead from, 356; legged jar from, 248; pulses and oilseeds from, 319; Russet-coated Painted Ware at, 258, 259; sarcophagus at, 275; seal at, 196; skeletal remains at, 126, 317; sword with blade from, 357; tulip-shaped bowls at, 126 Maski-Brahmagiri area, pottery with graffiti in, 126 Maski-Sanganakallu-Brahmagiri area, black-and-red ware and red ware in, 126 mask(s), 141, 182-83; horned, 85 masons' marks, 295 mat-impressed ware, 53 mat weaving, technique of, 52 Matha forest (Dt Purulia), tools from, 56 mathematical instruments, 187 Mathura, 11, 131, 132, 152, 183, 260, 267, 289, 300, 367; beads and terracotta figures of elephant in, 264; Buddhist, Brahmanical and Jaina images at, 152; burnt-brick structures at, 134; cart model from, 336; clay figurines at, 341; coins at, 11, 171; coin moulds from, 329; elephant figurines at, 136, 338, 339; fortification at, 134; Ganga on a sherd from, 152; Glazed Ware at, 260;

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handled vessels from, 189; handmade figurines at, 180; horse figurines at, 339; human figurines at, 135, 340, 341; iron-bearing levels at, 109; ivory plaquettes from, 263; Jaina establishment at, 300; Jaina *stūpa* at, 302; Mahiṣamardinī plaques from, 263, 269; male figures from, 340; moats at, 298; moduled reliefs at, 339; mother goddess in stone disc at, 268; Śaka-Kushans of, 335; sculptural remains at, 183; sherds bearing textile impressions from, 335; spouted vase at, 265; steatopygous female figurines at, 340; stone-flagged causeway at, 153; stone tablets of homage (Jaina *āyagapaṭas*) from, 263; terracotta mask at, 183; terracotta tablet with Buddha in *bhū-sparśa-mudrā* at, 152; toy models from, 336; wheeled toys from, 180 Matuyama Reversed Epoch, 205 Maula Ali, cists at, 123 Mauryan period, 183, 253; bangle in, 136, 244; beads from, 218, 219, 220, 221; copper mirrors in, 347; daggers and knives in, 355; eyebead in, 220; faience from, 219; glass beads in, 219; needles from, 183; ringstone from, 263; *triśūla* from, 265; vessels in, 189; weights from, 190 Mayurakshi-Bakreswar-Sal area, sites in, 100 Mayurbhanj (Orissa), 19, 24; Neolithic site of, 61 medallion(s), 157 *Medicago denticulata*, 8 *Medicago falcata*, 8 Mediterranean, 257; amphorae, 258; coin in, 4; port-holed cist and dolmens of, 115 Mediterranids, 316 Meen, Kayatha Ware at, 238 Megalithic culture, 6, 18, 69, 98, 110, 112, 114, 115, 116, 124, 148, 165, 171, 246, 248, 250, 251, 259, 291, 336;

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animal figurines in, 339; beads from, 219; Black-and-red Ware at, 68, 234, burials in, 177, 220, 223, 246, 258, 266, 326, 340, 345, 356; chamber in, 126; copper bangles from, 224; gold spirals in, 223; graves of, 291; iron arrowheads from, 353; iron nails from, 183; iron spades in, 187; knives from, 181; lamps from, 182; menhirs, 98, 114, 115, 116, 118, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125, 127, 129, 130, 148, 293; ornaments from, 223, 224; *Oryza* (rice) at, 6; ovens in, 184; passage chambers in, 293; pottery in, 234, 243-51, 259, 292, 293, 359; sarcophagi in, 275; sickles from, 187; spearheads from, 356, 357; urn burial in, 347; Ware, 131, 168, 257; well in, 305 Megalithic types, Krishnaswami's classification of, 112 megaliths, 18, 129, 132, 171, 243, 244, 357 Megarian bowls, 257; Ware, 145, 148 Megasthenes, 141 Meghalaya, 27, 58, 225; Megalithic culture in, 120 Mehgam, transitional cultures at, 90 Mehi, 75; bird figurines of, 76; copper mirrors from, 76 Mehrauli (Delhi), iron pillar at, 326, 360; street at, 153 melon and date, seeds of, 85 Meluhha, 69 memorial stones, 114-15, 120, 155 menhirs, 98, 114, 115, 116, 118, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125, 127, 129, 130, 148, 293 Meralbhavi, remains of upper Palaeolithic man from, 37 Mesolithic culture, 1, 3, 17, 22, 27, 32, 35, 37-43, 46, 165, 166, 192, 213, 284; awls, 176; beads, 216, 219; bones of domestic pig in, 5; burial in, 42, 265; ¹⁴C chronology of, 170; ¹⁴C dates of, 37; cave art of, 42; communities of, 41, 43, 54; craftsmen, 40;

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domestication, 1; economy of, 47, 48; harpoons from, 350; human skeletal remains from, 37; industries, 45, 165, 203, 212; masks from, 182; ovens in, 183; painting from, 42; people of, 39, 41, 212; pottery, 43; querns in, 41, 184; rock-painting in, 284; rock-shelter of, 39, 281; rubbers in, 41; sheep in, 3; skeletal remains of domestic dog, 4; stone tool in, 331-32; technology, 40, 41, 332, 333; tools from, 41, 201 Mesolithic settlement, 285, 286, 287; alluvial plains, 39; coastal environments, 39; lake-shores, 39; rock-shelters, 39; rocky plains, 39, sand-dunes, 39 Mesopotamia, 4, 79, 85, 87, 166, 350, 364; coffin burials in, 86; copper from, 324; gems in, 222; Indian traders in, 84; *see also* Iraq Mesopotamia culture-zone, 69 metal objects, 151, 157, 195-96 metallurgy, 150 Mewar, 39, 43, 95, 97; Kayatha culture pottery at, 43; Mesolithic settlement at, 39; microlithic assemblages of, 287 mica-dusted ware, 146 micaceous red pottery, 121 Micaceous Red Ware, 122, 230, 246, 247 microblades, 40, 41, 68, 77 microlithic industry, 37, 42, 45, 47, 49, 58, 61, 73, 198, 199, 200, 201, 203, 212, 287; Birbhanpur, 165; Gujarat, 165; Kuchai, 165; Sanganakallu, 165, tools, 40, 56, 201, 213, 282, 293 microliths, 40, 41, 46, 53, 57, 61, 68, 69, 77, 98, 99, 104, 105, 106, 107, 109, 119, 139, 140, 141, 143, 145, 198, 201, 204, 244, 246, 265, 284, 315, 334 Middle and Upper Palaeolithic culture, dating of, 165 Middle-East, 3, Aurignacian industries of, 37 Middle Ganga region, 16;

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Neolithic pottery in, 225; valley 110, 139, 366, 367 Middle Palaeolithic culture, 2, 17, 22, 26-32, 35, 36, 165, 200, 207, 209, 286; artefacts of, 213; awls and borers of, 176; ¹⁴C chronology of, 170; Chota Nagpur region, 31; chronology of, 309; e. region, 3; implements, 30; industries of, 28, 30, 31, 213; man of, 30, 31, 198, 199, 286; n.-e. Deccan, 31; settlement pattern, 285; Siwalik region, 30; s. region, 31-32; stone tools in, 332; tools of, 20, 27, 30, 31, 200, 201, 205, 208, 215, 309; upper, s-e. Deccan, 31; Vindhyan region, 30; w. region, 30 Middle Pleistocene, 21, 57, 199, 201, 206, 209; animal fossils of, 22; boulder conglomerate of, 27; faunal evidence of, 307-308;