[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989) › v1.c9.s2.6 # An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v1.c9.s2.6 An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v1.c9.s2.6 - **Language:** English ### [v1.c9.s2.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c9.s2.6) In peninsular India pebble tools (choppers) and pebble-butted handaxes generally occur together, both the types being stratigraphically inseparable. However the pebble tools from MAHADEO PIPARIA on the Narmada, named as Mahadevian, were considered to be of a pre-handaxe culture similar to the Oldowan industry from Olduvai Gorge in e. Africa. But exactly contrary evidence also came from the excavations on the same river near MAHESHWAR and at MAHADEO PIPARIA itself, conclusively proving that there was no stratigraphical basis for establishing the existence of a pebble tool substratum underlying the handaxe industries. The experience from several other localities in peninsular India is not different. The excessive percentage of pebble tools in areas like the Kangra valley or at places on the Narmada perhaps shows the ecological influence on the industries, for here the pebbles are the only available tool-making raw material. The choppers are thus an inseparable adjunct of the Indian Lower Palaeolithic cultures. - [Previous: v1.c9.s2.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c9.s2.5) - [Next: v1.c9.s2.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c9.s2.7) - [Up: v1.c9.s2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c9.s2) ## Linked texts (3) - [Maheswar](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.maheswar) - [Mahadeo-Piparia](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.mahadeo-piparia) - [Kangra](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.kangra) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c9.s2.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v1.c9.s2.6) · Pramāṇa