[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989) › v2.c30.2 # An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v2.c30.2 An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v2.c30.2 - **Language:** English ### [v2.c30.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c30.2) \*\*Campā\*\*, Dt Bhagalpur, 5 km w. of Bhagalpur, present-day Champanagar to the n. of Nathnagar railway station. The extensive mound is largely overbuilt by modern buildings. Campā was the capital of Aṅga, one of the \*mahā-janapadas\* annexed by Bimbisāra of Magadha in the 6th century B.C. Excavation started in 1969-70 and continued thereafter by the author (\*IAR 1969-70\*, p. 2; \*1970-1\*, p. 4; \*1971-2\*, p. 4) has revealed a defensive fortification surrounded by a deep moat and the bed of the Ganga. The trenches across the fortification and in areas within it near the confluence of the Champa-nala and the old bed of the Ganga have revealed that the city was occupied from 500 B.C. as no occupational layer prior to the NBPW \[11.16\] has been traced, though due to the subsoil water table the lowest levels of the NBPW could not be reached. (Elsewhere, 4.18.3, the author has calibrated ¹⁴C dates, which would take the beginning of the NBPW to an earlier date.) - [Previous: v2.c30.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c30.1) - [Next: v2.c30.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c30.3) - [Up: v2.c30](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c30) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c30.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c30.2) · Pramāṇa