[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989) › v2.c40.119 # An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v2.c40.119 An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v2.c40.119 - **Language:** English ### [v2.c40.119](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c40.119) At an ecclesiastical site like Nālandā it is futile to expect manifold objects of material interest. Nevertheless the following deserve mention, though their stratigraphical position is uncertain: iron flat bars, knives, axes, sickles, tongs, hoes, spades and nails (also of copper); iron \*svastikas\*; metal and clay lamps \[6.11\]; censers \[12.2\]; plain or gilded conches; pottery bowls; bronze cups and jugs; stone pestles, querns \[6.19\] and ladles; metal scissors; stone-cutter’s and artisan’s tools, such as iron chisels and honing stones \[16.18\]; potter’s dabbers \[16.11\]; clay moulds of seals, \*stūpas\* and plaques; inkpots \[20.2\] of clay and metal; cowries for exchange; ornamental gold leaves and beads; bone and ivory game pieces \[6.7.2\]; bangles and rings; rubies for inlaying in bronzes; glass beads and rings; crucibles \[16.4\]; cattle balls \[6.3\] of metal; iron elephant goads; and cattle-branding iron stamps. Chain armours, quivers, spearheads, daggers, sword-hilts, etc., as well as glazed pottery, were probably left behind by foreign invaders. - [Previous: v2.c40.118](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c40.118) - [Next: v2.c40.120](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c40.120) - [Up: v2.c40](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c40) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c40.119](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c40.119) · Pramāṇa