[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989) › v2.c40.64 # An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v2.c40.64 An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v2.c40.64 - **Language:** English ### [v2.c40.64](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c40.64) The bulk of the population had its residence (Sites 58, 69, 72, 89, 109, 112, 115, 117-119) outside the citadel; houses consisting of rooms arranged in one alignment with a common veranda were generally built of rubble, mud serving as the binding material. Incidentally lime was used whenever the particular structure was to come in contact with water. Some of the buildings were shops or centres of craft: one of the rubble-built houses (Site 58) disclosed the entire stock-in-trade of a goldsmith. Richer people built houses in brick (Sites 48, 74) but following the same house-plan. In all likelihood wealthy persons built houses, like the one of Site 49, consisting of rooms of halls arranged all around a central pillared hall. There is no doubt that the settlements followed a linear pattern and that they came up along broad roads intercepted by cross-roads and bylanes. Some of the wealthy houses came up along the bank of a canal (Site 19 A), with rubble-built ramps on either side. The most imposing of the secular structures here, the open-air theatre or amphitheatre (Site 17) \[14.2\], with a tiered brick-built gallery on all the sides, was situated on the bank of this canal passing along the foot of the hill. Built on a Roman or Greek prototype, it enclosed a rectangular area and had seating arrangements for over 1000 spectators. A novel feature of the Ikṣvāku town-planning was the provision of about a dozen wayside rest-houses, in the form of pillared halls (Sites 13, 18, 36, 39A, 50, 70, 81, 88, 107, 111, 114, and 121) and public baths (Sites 19, 70A and 100). Some of the rest-houses were in close proximity of \*chāyā-stambhas\*, \[12.7\] or memorial pillars (Sites 27, 59, 113, etc.) raised in honour of kings, queens, generals, artisans, religious teachers and so on. - [Previous: v2.c40.63](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c40.63) - [Next: v2.c40.65](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c40.65) - [Up: v2.c40](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c40) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c40.64](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c40.64) · Pramāṇa