[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989) › v2.c45.138 # An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v2.c45.138 An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v2.c45.138 - **Language:** English ### [v2.c45.138](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c45.138) Attention to the ruins was first drawn in 1818, and for a long time since then they suffered depredation at the hands of amateur archaeologists and treasure-hunters. In 1851 A. Cunningham and F.C. Maisey excavated Stūpas 2 and 3 and recovered relics therefrom, but a shaft in the centre of Stūpa 1 failed to reveal any (perhaps they had disappeared in one of the previous operations). Preservation of the \*stūpas\* was done in 1881 and the following years by H.H. Cole. But to expose the other structures, preserve them meticulously and build up a proper history of the monuments was left to John Marshall of the ASI between 1912 and 1919. - [Previous: v2.c45.137](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c45.137) - [Next: v2.c45.139](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c45.139) - [Up: v2.c45](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c45) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c45.138](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c45.138) · Pramāṇa