[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989) › v2.c47.12 # An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v2.c47.12 An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v2.c47.12 - **Language:** English ### [v2.c47.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c47.12) \*\*Udayagiri-Khandagiri\*\* (20°16'; 85°47'), Dt Puri, twin hills with one of the earliest groups of the rock-cut monastic caves of the Jainas, datable from \*c.\* 100 B.C. to the earlier years of the Christian era. The inscriptions found on the walls of some of the caves are practically the only source of knowledge of the existence of a powerful dynasty of the Cetis (Cedis) that came into power in Kaliṅga some time in the 1st century B.C. or a little earlier. Cave 14 (Hāthīgumphā) of the Udayagiri bears on its brow a most important inscription recording the achievements in war and peace of Khāravela of that dynasty. Among other things, the record mentions that he repaired the cyclone-devastated fortification of Kaliṅga-nagara \[ŚIŚUPĀLGARH\], brought back from Magadha the \*Jina\* of Kaliṅga that had been taken away by the Nandas and erected a massive structure of stone of the Kumārī hill (Udayagiri) where he also excavated caves for Jaina monks. The structure was evidently meant to provide a place of worship to the resident monks. - [Previous: v2.c47.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c47.11) - [Next: v2.c47.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c47.13) - [Up: v2.c47](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c47) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c47.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.ghosh-1989.v2.c47.12) · Pramāṇa