[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [Vedic Index of Names and Subjects](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912) › v1.c3.s18.188 # Vedic Index of Names and Subjects v1.c3.s18.188 Vedic Index of Names and Subjects v1.c3.s18.188 - **Language:** English ### [v1.c3.s18.188](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s18.188) ¹² The expression is used of the Āryan Pūrus in vii. 18, 13; of the Paṇis in vii. 6, 3; and of hostile persons in i. 174, 2; v. 32, 8; x. 23. 5. Roth, Erläuterungen zum Nirukta, 97, thinks the sense is ‘of insulting speech,’ and Zimmer, op. cit., 114, 115, strongly supports this view. But Hillebrandt, op. cit., I, 89, 90, 114, prefers to see it it ‘speaking an enemy’s speech,’ and thinks that the Pūrus were dialectically different from the Bharatas—a view which can be supported from the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, iii. 2, 1, 23. 24, where the Asuras say he’lavo (= he’rayo, ‘ho, enemies,’ in Sanskrit). See Muir, op. cit., 2², 114; Davidson, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, 37, 23 (the Mahābhāṣya version); Eggeling, Sacred Books of the East, 26, 31, n. 3. The word could thus apply to the Dasyus also, as the strange speech of the enemy could be either Āryan or aboriginal. - [Previous: v1.c3.s18.187](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s18.187) - [Next: v1.c3.s18.189](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s18.189) - [Up: v1.c3.s18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s18) ## Linked texts (2) - [Ṛgvedasaṃhitā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.samhita.rg.1.174.2) — Sanskrit - [Śatapathabrāhmaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.satapatha.3.2.1.23) — Yājñavalkya & Śāṇḍilya (Vedic teacher), Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s18.188](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s18.188) · Pramāṇa