[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [Vedic Index of Names and Subjects](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912) › v1.c3.s21.468 # Vedic Index of Names and Subjects v1.c3.s21.468 Vedic Index of Names and Subjects v1.c3.s21.468 - **Language:** English ### [v1.c3.s21.468](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s21.468) Pari-ṣad (lit., ‘sitting around’) denotes in the Upaniṣads¹ an ‘assemblage’ of advisers in questions of philosophy, and the Gobhila Gṛhya Sūtra² refers to a teacher with his Pariṣad or ‘council.’ In the later literature the word denotes a body of advisers on religious topics, but also the assessors of a judge, or the council of ministers of a prince.³ But in none of these senses is the word found in the early literature, though the institutions indicated by it must have existed at least in embryo. - [Previous: v1.c3.s21.467](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s21.467) - [Next: v1.c3.s21.469](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s21.469) - [Up: v1.c3.s21](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s21) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s21.468](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s21.468) · Pramāṇa