[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [Vedic Index of Names and Subjects](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912) › v1.c3.s3 # Vedic Index of Names and Subjects v1.c3.s3: Ī Vedic Index of Names and Subjects v1.c3.s3 - **Language:** English ### Ī ### [v1.c3.s3.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s3.1) Īṣā denotes the ‘pole of a chariot.’ Normally the chariot had one pole (ekeṣaḥ),¹ but sometimes two poles are referred to.² The word is often³ compounded with Yuga, ‘yoke,’ into which it was fastened (see Kha), and tied with ropes.⁴ Exactly how it was attached to the chariot we do not know.⁵ See also Ratha. ### [v1.c3.s3.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s3.2) ¹ Rv. x. 135, 3; iii. 53, 17; viii. 5, 29; Av. viii. 8, 23. ### [v1.c3.s3.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s3.3) ² Cf. Av. ii. 8, 4; Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, i. 1, 2, 12 (īṣā-yugāni, but in iii. 9, 4, 3 dual); Kātyāyana Śrauta Sūtra, vii. 9, 14, etc. ### [v1.c3.s3.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s3.4) ³ Av., loc. cit., etc. ### [v1.c3.s3.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s3.5) ⁴ Rv. x. 60, 8. Cf. iii. 6, 6. ### [v1.c3.s3.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s3.6) ⁵ Vāṇī in Rv. i. 119, 5 is taken by Zimmer, Altindisches Leben, 249, to refer to the front part of the chariot, but it seems simply to be ‘voice.’ ## Linked texts (4) - [Kātyāyanaśrautasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.srauta.katyayana.7.9.14) — Kātyāyana (Vājasaneyi sūtrakāra), Sanskrit - [Ṛgvedasaṃhitā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.samhita.rg.1.119.5) — Sanskrit - [Atharvavedasaṃhitā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.samhita.atharva.8.8.23) — Atharvan & Aṅgiras, Sanskrit - [Śatapathabrāhmaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.satapatha.1.1.2.12) — Yājñavalkya & Śāṇḍilya (Vedic teacher), Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s3) · Pramāṇa