[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [Vedic Index of Names and Subjects](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912) › v1.c3.s9.1 # Vedic Index of Names and Subjects v1.c3.s9.1 Vedic Index of Names and Subjects v1.c3.s9.1 - **Language:** English ### [v1.c3.s9.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s9.1) Ogaṇa is a word occurring only once, as a plural, in the Rigveda,¹ where it appears to indicate persons hostile to the seer of the hymn, and apparently opposed to the Āryan religion. Ludwig² regards the term as the proper name of a people, but Pischel³ thinks that it is merely an adjective meaning ‘weak’ (ogaṇa = ava-gaṇa), as in Pāli. - [Previous: v1.c3.s8.32](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s8.32) - [Next: v1.c3.s9.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s9.2) - [Up: v1.c3.s9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s9) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s9.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.macdonell-keith-1912.v1.c3.s9.1) · Pramāṇa