[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [Dictionary of Pali Proper Names](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937) › v1.c12.2534 # Dictionary of Pali Proper Names v1.c12.2534 Dictionary of Pāli Proper Names v1.c12.2534 - **Language:** English ### [v1.c12.2534](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c12.2534) 1. Kumuda.—A niraya—strictly speaking, a period of suffering. It is equal to twelve Padumas. The Kokālika monk was born in Kumuda-niraya.¹ - [Previous: v1.c12.2533](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c12.2533) - [Next: v1.c12.2535](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c12.2535) - [Up: v1.c12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c12) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c12.2534](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c12.2534) · Pramāṇa