[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [Dictionary of Pali Proper Names](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937) › v1.c8 # Dictionary of Pali Proper Names v1.c8: I Dictionary of Pāli Proper Names v1.c8 - **Language:** English ### I ### [v1.c8.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.1) \*\*İṅgirisi.\*\*—The Pāli name for the English.¹ ### [v1.c8.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.2) ¹ \*E.g.\*, Cv. ci. 29. ### [v1.c8.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.3) \*\*Icchā Sutta.\*\*—Wishes it is which hold the world prisoner; by subjugating them, liberty is gained.¹ ### [v1.c8.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.4) ¹ S. i. 40. ### [v1.c8.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.5) \*\*Icchānaṅgala.\*\*—A brahmin village in the \*\*Kosala\*\* country. It was while staying in the woodland thicket (\*vanasaṇḍa\*) there that the Buddha preached the \*Ambaṭṭha Sutta\*.¹ From this sutta, the village would seem to have been near Pokkharasādi’s domain of \*\*Ukkaṭṭhā\*\*. It was the residence of “Mahāsāla” brahmins. The \*Sutta Nipāta\*² (which spells the name as \*\*Icchānaṅkala\*\*) mentions several eminent brahmins who lived there, among them Caṅkī, Tārukkha, Pokkarasāti, Jānussoṇi and Todeyya. There were also two learned youths, \*\*Vāseṭṭha\*\* and \*\*Bharadvāja\*\* at Icchānaṅkala, who, finding it impossible to bring their discussion to a conclusion, sought the Buddha, then staying in the village. Their interview with the Buddha is recorded in the \*Vāseṭṭha Sutta\*.³ Buddhaghosa⁴ says that learned brahmins of Kosala, deeply versed in the Vedas, were in the habit of meeting together from time time⁵ at Icchānaṅgala in order to recite the Vedas and discuss their interpretation.⁶ ### [v1.c8.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.6) ¹ D. i. 87. ### [v1.c8.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.7) ² p. 115. ### [v1.c8.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.8) ³ \*Ibid.\*, 115 ff.; M. ii. 146 ff. ### [v1.c8.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.9) ⁴ SnA. ii. 462. ### [v1.c8.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.10) ⁵ Once in six months (MA. ii. 796). ### [v1.c8.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.11) ⁶ These brahmins met at Ukkaṭṭhā, under Pokkharasāti, when they wished to cleanse their caste (\*jātisodhanatthaṃ\*), and at Icchānaṅkala in order to revise their Vedic hymns (\*mante sodhetukāmā\*), MA. ii. 796. ### [v1.c8.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.12) According to the \*Saṃyutta Nikāya\*,⁷ the Buddha once stayed for three months in the jungle thicket at Icchānaṅgala, in almost complete solitude, visited only by a single monk who brought him his food. But from the \*Aṅguttara Nikāya\*,⁸ it would appear that the Buddha was not left to enjoy the solitude which he desired, for we are told that the residents of Icchānaṅgala, having heard of the Buddha’s visit, came to him in large numbers and created a disturbance by their shouts. The Buddha had to send \*\*Nāgita\*\*, who was then his personal attendant, to curb the enthusiasm of his admirers. ### [v1.c8.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.13) ⁷ v. 325. ### [v1.c8.14](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.14) ⁸ iii. 30 f.; \*cf.\* iii. 341 and iv. 340 ff. ### [v1.c8.15](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.15) \*\*Icchānaṅgala Sutta.\*\*—Preached to the monks at Icchānaṅgala at the end of the three months’ solitude referred to above. Should anyone ask the monks how the Buddha spent his time during the rainy season, they should reply that he spent it in intense concentration on in-breathing and out-breathing. A life spent by anyone in such concentration would be a life spent according to the Āriyan way and would lead to the destruction of the āsavas.¹ ### [v1.c8.16](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.16) ¹ S. v. 325 f. ### [v1.c8.17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.17) Icchānaṅgalaka.—An upāsaka of Icchānaṅgala. He was a devoted disciple of the Buddha and had been in the habit of visiting him often.¹ Once he visited the Buddha at Jetavana after a long interval, and on being asked why he had been absent so long, he replied that he had been kept busy by various duties. Thereupon the Buddha sang the joy of the life free from ties.² ### [v1.c8.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.18) ¹ UdA. 115. ### [v1.c8.19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.19) ² Ud., p. 13. ### [v1.c8.20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.20) Iṭṭiya.—See Iṭṭhiya. ### [v1.c8.21](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.21) Iṭṭhakāvatī.—A village in Magadha, mentioned, together with Dīgharājī, as the residence of the Saṃsāramocaka heretics. Near by was the Aruṇavativihāra, where Sāriputta once stayed with a company of monks. The village had retained its name for five hundred years.¹ ### [v1.c8.22](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.22) ¹ PvA. 67. ### [v1.c8.23](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.23) The Petavatthu² contains the story of a woman of Iṭṭhakāvatī who was born as a peta. ### [v1.c8.24](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.24) ² pp. 12-13. ### [v1.c8.25](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.25) 1. Iṭṭhā Sutta.—Preached to Anāthapiṇḍika on five things in the world which are very desirable but are difficult to attain—longevity, beauty, happiness, fame, happy rebirth—and on the means of obtaining them.¹ ### [v1.c8.26](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.26) ¹ A. iii. 47-9. ### [v1.c8.27](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.27) 2. Iṭṭhā Sutta.—The ten desirable things in the world, the obstacles to their attainment and the methods of procuring them.¹ ### [v1.c8.28](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.28) ¹ A. v. 135 f. ### [v1.c8.29](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.29) Iṭṭhiya.—One of the monks who accompanied Mahinda on his visit to Ceylon.¹ King Sirimeghavaṇṇa had an image of Iṭṭhiya made and placed beside that of Mahinda and his companions in the vihāra which he built in the south-eastern corner of his palace. He inaugurated a year's festival in honour of these images² (v.l. Iṭṭiya, Iddhiya). ### [v1.c8.30](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.30) ¹ Mhv. xii. 7; Dpv. xii. 12; Sp. i. 71; Mbv. 116; DhsA. 32. ### [v1.c8.31](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.31) ² Cv. xxxvii. vv. 87 ff. ### [v1.c8.32](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.32) Iḍagalissara.—A village in South India where Kulasekhara had an encampment in his fight with the Sinhalese forces.¹ ### [v1.c8.33](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.33) ¹ Cv. lxxvi. 149. ### [v1.c8.34](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.34) Iṇa Sutta.—Deals at length with the disadvantages, both material and moral, of poverty and consequent indebtedness.¹ ### [v1.c8.35](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.35) ¹ A. iii. 351-4. ### [v1.c8.36](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.36) Itivuttaka.—The fourth book of the \*Khuddaka Nikāya\*, containing 110 suttas, each of which begins with the words: \*vuttaṃ h’etaṃ Bhagavatā\*. According to Dhammapāla,¹ the suttas were preached from time to time by the Buddha to Khujjuttarā at Kosambī. She then repeated them to the five hundred women of Udena’s palace, chief of whom was Sāmāvatī. In order to emphasise to her audience the fact that she was reporting the Buddha’s words and not her own, she prefaced each sutta with the phrase quoted above. There was no need to describe any special circumstances in which the suttas were preached, because they were familiar to Khujjuttarā’s audience. ### [v1.c8.37](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.37) ¹ ItA. 24 ff. ### [v1.c8.38](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.38) At the Rājagaha Council, Ānanda repeated the suttas to the Assembly and they were gathered into this collection. ### [v1.c8.39](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.39) Itivuttaka is also the name given to one of the nine divisions (\*aṅga\*) into which the Buddha’s preaching is divided and it is defined as follows: \*vuttaṃ h’etaṃ Bhagavatā ti ādinayappavattā dasuttarasataṃ suttantā Itivuttakaṃ ti veditabbaṃ\*.² ### [v1.c8.40](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.40) ² DA. i. 24. ### [v1.c8.41](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.41) In the scholiast of the \*Kummāsapiṇḍa Jātaka\*,³ the Itivuttaka is mentioned in the plural (\*Itivuttakesu\*) and a sutta is quoted from it, extolling the virtues of generosity. Perhaps, the \*Itivuttaka\* was compiled as a result of a critical study of the authentic teachings of the Buddha, considered in a certain light and made for a specific purpose. ### [v1.c8.42](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.42) ³ J. iii. 409 (l. 21). ### [v1.c8.43](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.43) Itthi Vagga.—The seventh section of the \*Eka Nipāta\* of the \*Jātaka-kaṭṭhakathā\*.¹ ### [v1.c8.44](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.44) ¹ J. i. 285-315. ### [v1.c8.45](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.45) 1. Iddhi Sutta.—Anuruddha tells the monks that by cultivating the four \*satipaṭṭhānas\*, he enjoys psychic power in many ways, such as multiplying himself. He can reach even to the Brahma world.¹ 2. Iddhi Sutta.—Same as above, but the psychic power is that of the divine power of hearing all things, far and near.¹ ### [v1.c8.46](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.46) ¹ S. v. 303. ### [v1.c8.47](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.47) ¹ S. v. 304. ### [v1.c8.48](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.48) Iddhikathā.—The second division of the \*Paññāvagga\* of the \*Paṭisambhidāmagga\*.¹ ### [v1.c8.49](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.49) ¹ Ps. ii. 205-15. ### [v1.c8.50](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.50) Iddhipāda Vagga.—The ninth chapter of the \*Navaka Nipāta\* of the \*Aṅguttara Nikāya\*.¹ It consists of ten suttas dealing with the cultivation of the four \*iddhipādas\*. ### [v1.c8.51](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.51) ¹ A. iv. 463-4. ### [v1.c8.52](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.52) 1. Iddhipāda Sutta.—The cultivation of the four \*iddhipādas\* and of exertion (\*ussolhi\*) brings insight (\*aññā\*) in this life, or the Third Fruit of the Path.¹ ### [v1.c8.53](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.53) ¹ A. iii. 81-2. ### [v1.c8.54](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.54) 2. Iddhipāda Sutta.—The Buddha, even as Bodhisatta, before the Enlightenment, developed the four \*iddhipādas\* and exertion, and as a result enjoyed great psychic power.¹ ### [v1.c8.55](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.55) ¹ A. iii. 82-3. ### [v1.c8.56](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.56) 3. Iddhipāda Sutta.—The four \*iddhipādas\* form the path leading to the Uncompounded (\*asaṅkhata\*).¹ ### [v1.c8.57](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.57) ¹ S. iv. 360. ### [v1.c8.58](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.58) 4. Iddhipāda Sutta.—The path mentioned above should be practised, accompanied by concentration and effort, compounded with desire, energy, idea and investigation.¹ ### [v1.c8.59](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.59) ¹ S. iv. 365. ### [v1.c8.60](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.60) Iddhipāda Saṃyutta.—The fifty-first division of the \*Saṃyutta Nikāya\*,¹ consisting of eight chapters. It is the seventh section of the \*Mahāvagga\*. ### [v1.c8.61](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.61) ¹ S. v. 254-93. ### [v1.c8.62](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.62) Iddhiya.—See Itthiya. ### [v1.c8.63](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.63) Iddhivaddhana.—One of the palaces, occupied during his lay-life by Sumana Buddha.¹ ### [v1.c8.64](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.64) ¹ BuA. 125; Bu. v. 22 gives other names for his palaces. ### [v1.c8.65](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.65) Idhalokika Sutta.—Two suttas preached by the Buddha to Visākhā at the Migārāmātupāsāda. To achieve victory in this world a woman should have four qualities: she should efficiently discharge her duties as housewife, should win the esteem of her servants and the affection of her husband and should look after his wealth. For victory in the next world, she should be possessed of faith, virtue, generosity and wisdom.¹ ### [v1.c8.66](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.66) ¹ A. iv. 269 ff. ### [v1.c8.67](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.67) Inandapada.—A Damiḷa chieftain whom Kulasekhara enlisted as his ally. He was a troop leader in Uccaṅkuṭṭha.¹ ### [v1.c8.68](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.68) ¹ Cv. lxxvii. 74 ff. ### [v1.c8.69](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.69) 1. Inda.—Given in the Āṭānāṭiya Sutta as the name of the ninety-one sons of Dhataraṭṭha, king of the Gandhabbas. They are represented as being of great strength and followers of the Buddha.¹ ### [v1.c8.70](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.70) ¹ D. iii. 197. ### [v1.c8.71](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.71) The name is also given as that of the ninety-one sons of Virūḷha, king of the Kumbhaṇḍas²; of Virūpakkha, king of the Nāgas³; and of Kuvera, king of the Yakkhas.⁴ Further on in the same sutta, Inda is mentioned with Soma, Varuṇa and others as a Yakkha, to whom appeal should be made by disciples of the Buddha when needing protection.⁵ In the Mahā Samaya Sutta,⁶ also, Inda is mentioned as the name of the Sons of the Regent Gods of the Four Quarters. ### [v1.c8.72](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.72) ² Ibid., 198. ### [v1.c8.73](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.73) ³ p. 199. ### [v1.c8.74](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.74) ⁴ p. 202. ### [v1.c8.75](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.75) ⁵ p. 204. ### [v1.c8.76](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.76) ⁶ D. ii. 257 f. ### [v1.c8.77](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.77) 2. Inda.—The Pāli equivalent of the Vedic Indra. He is referred to only very seldom in the Nikāyas. In one such passage¹ he is mentioned with Soma, Varuṇa, Isāna, Pajāpati, Brahmā, Mahiddi and Yāma, as a god whom brahmins invoke and pray to, for union with Brahmā after death. In another place,² he is described as being seated in the company of Pajāpati and other gods in the Assembly Hall, named Sudhammā. Two of his companions, having listened to the admonition of Gopaka, became disciples of the Buddha and, as a result, far surpassed in glory Inda and his other companion devas. In the same context, Vāsava, ruler of the gods, identified with Sakka, is addressed by Gopaka as “Indra.” ### [v1.c8.78](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.78) ¹ D. i. 244-5. ### [v1.c8.79](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.79) ² Ibid., ii. 274; in M. i. 140; J. v. 411 and vi. 568, he is mentioned with Brahmā and Pajāpati; in J. iv. 568, 571 is a list in which Inda appears with Brahmā, Pajāpati, Soma, Yama and Vessavaṇa. ### [v1.c8.80](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.80) By the time of the compilation of the Nikāyas, the hold of the Vedic god Indra on the mind of the people seems to have become greatly weakened and Indra has been merged in Sakka, although, strictly speaking, Indra and Sakka are quite different conceptions. (See \*s.v.\* Sakka.) ### [v1.c8.81](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.81) In the later literature, however, particularly in the \*Jātakatthakathā\*, Indra's name occurs frequently, but always as identified or identifiable with Sakka. In one place at least³ the scholiast says, "Sakko ti Indo." ### [v1.c8.82](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.82) ³ J. v. 115. ### [v1.c8.83](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.83) In the \*Ayakūṭa Jātaka\*,⁴ for example, Indra is called king of the gods (\*devārāja\*) in one verse, and in the next he is identified with Maghavā, husband of Sujā, and described as "devānam indo." Indra is most revered of the gods.⁵ He is free from old age and death, and is, therefore, the happiest type of king,⁶ a condition that could be attained by sacrifice.⁷ Alone he conquered the Asuras.⁸ He is spoken of as the lord of victors (\*jayatam pati\*),⁹ and he is the embodiment of the greatest valour.¹⁰ ### [v1.c8.84](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.84) ⁴ J. iii. 146. ### [v1.c8.85](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.85) ⁵ Sn. vs. 316. ### [v1.c8.86](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.86) ⁶ Ibid., 515. ### [v1.c8.87](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.87) ⁷ Ibid., 517. ### [v1.c8.88](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.88) ⁸ J. iv. 347; he is therefore called Asurinda and Asurādhipa; see \*s.v.\* Asura. ### [v1.c8.89](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.89) ⁹ J. v. 322. ### [v1.c8.90](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.90) ¹⁰ Mhv. xxx. 10. ### [v1.c8.91](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.91) Sometimes he visits the earth in disguise.¹¹ He is also represented as punishing people guilty of heinous crimes; with his thunderbolt he smites them.¹² ### [v1.c8.92](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.92) ¹¹ J. v. 33. ### [v1.c8.93](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.93) ¹² DhA. iv. 105. ### [v1.c8.94](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.94) The scene of his pleasures is in the Nandana pleasaunce,¹³ and his is the ideal enjoyment of pleasure, surrounded by friends¹⁴ and by adoring wives.¹⁵ The gods of Tāvatimsa are called Inda-purohitā, because, with Inda as their chief, they seek to promote the welfare of gods and men.¹⁶ Inda is called Tidivapuravara and Suravaratara.¹⁷ His capital is Masakkasāra.¹⁸ ### [v1.c8.95](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.95) ¹³ J. v. 158. ### [v1.c8.96](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.96) ¹⁴ J. v. 506; Sn. v. 679. ### [v1.c8.97](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.97) ¹⁵ J. vi. 240. ### [v1.c8.98](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.98) ¹⁶ J. vi, 127; the Tāvatimsa gods are also described as being Sa-Indakā (\*ibid.\*, 568). ### [v1.c8.99](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.99) ¹⁷ D. iii. 176. ### [v1.c8.100](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.100) ¹⁸ J. vi. 271; but see Amarāvatī. ### [v1.c8.101](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.101) In the sacrifice the palāsayatthi (Butea shoot), used by the sacrificing priest, is described as Indra's right hand.¹⁹ ### [v1.c8.102](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.102) ¹⁹ J. vi. 212. ### [v1.c8.103](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.103) Indra's gotta, or clan, is the Kosiya²⁰; he is called Vatrabhū in reference to his victory over Vatra (Skt. Vṛtra),²¹ and mention is made of his thunderbolt, the Indavajira²²; thus he is called Vajirahattha.²³ The sound of Indra's thunderbolt striking its victim, surpasses all other sounds by its intensity, its volume and its fearfulness²⁴; no obstruction can stop the progress of Indra’s Vajira and it never misses its mark; it is \*avirajjanaka\*.²⁵ ### [v1.c8.104](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.104) ²⁰ Ibid., 501. ### [v1.c8.105](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.105) ²¹ J. v. 153. ### [v1.c8.106](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.106) ²² J. i. 354. ### [v1.c8.107](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.107) ²³ D. ii. 259; DA. ii. 689. ### [v1.c8.108](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.108) ²⁴ UdA. 67. ### [v1.c8.109](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.109) ²⁵ VibhA. 333. ### [v1.c8.110](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.110) After his victory over the Asuras, images of him were made (\*Indapaṭimā\*) and placed round \*Cittakūṭa\* to frighten the Asuras away, in case they attempted to retrieve their lost honour.²⁶ ### [v1.c8.111](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.111) ²⁶ J. vi. 125-6; see also J. i. 203-4; DhA. i. 280. ### [v1.c8.112](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.112) To be born into the company of Indra (\*Indasahavyatā\*) is considered very fortunate.²⁷ ### [v1.c8.113](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.113) ²⁷ E.g., J. v. 411. ### [v1.c8.114](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.114) A species of coral red insect (\*kimi\*), noticeable after rain, are called \*Indagopakā\*. The reason for this name is not clear.²⁸ ### [v1.c8.115](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.115) ²⁸ See Brethren, p. 18 n., and N.P.D. s.v. ### [v1.c8.116](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.116) The \*Udāna Commentary\*²⁹ seems to give \*Viḍojā\* as an epithet of Indra; but this is probably a wrong reading, the correct one being, as in some MSS., “\*Visamucchājapaṃ japanti\*.” ### [v1.c8.117](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.117) ²⁹ p. 75, n. 12. ### [v1.c8.118](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.118) Inda was a special protector of cows, and when men began to kill these creatures he visited his wrath on them.³⁰ ### [v1.c8.119](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.119) ³⁰ Sn. v. 310. ### [v1.c8.120](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.120) 1. Indaka.—A yakkha who lived in \*Indakūṭa\*, near \*Rājagaha\*. When the Buddha was staying at \*Indakūṭa\*, the yakkha questioned him as to how the soul finds its material counterpart. The Buddha, in reply, described how the embryo evolved into its final shape by the laws of physical growth and not by a soul’s fiat.¹ ### [v1.c8.121](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.121) ¹ S. i. 206. ### [v1.c8.122](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.122) Buddhaghosa² says that the yakkha was an animist (\*puggalavādin\*). ### [v1.c8.123](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.123) ² SA. i. 231. ### [v1.c8.124](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.124) 2. Indaka.—A deva. He had been a youth who gave a spoonful of food to Anuruddha. In consequence he was born in \*Tāvatiṃsa\* as a deva of great power and majesty. When the Buddha went to \*Tāvatiṃsa\* to preach the \*Abhidhamma\*, in the assembly of the gods who gathered there, those of lesser powers had to yield place to their superiors. Thus Aṅkura (\*q.v.\*), who, at the start, was very near the Buddha, found himself twelve leagues away. But not so Indaka; the power of his merit was very great and no deva was mighty enough to displace him; he had been lucky in the recipient of his gift. Aṅkura’s generosity, much more lavish than Indaka’s, had been bestowed on men who were not holy. Such was the explanation the Buddha gave in the assembly of the gods, on seeing the discrepancy between the positions of the two devas, Indaka surpassing the other in ten qualities.¹ ### [v1.c8.125](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.125) ¹ Pv. pp. 27 f.; PvA. 136-8; DhA. iii. 219-20; 80-1. ### [v1.c8.126](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.126) In one place, in the \*Petavatthu\*,² Indaka is called a yakkha, but the \*Commentary\*³ says it means deva-putta. He is, therefore, different from Indaka (1). ### [v1.c8.127](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.127) ² p. 28, v. 69. ### [v1.c8.128](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.128) ³ p. 139. ### [v1.c8.129](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.129) Indaka Sutta.—Contains the question asked by Indaka and the Buddha's reply.¹ ### [v1.c8.130](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.130) ¹ S. i. 206. ### [v1.c8.131](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.131) Indakūṭa.—A peak near Rājagaha, the abode of the yakkha Indaka. The Buddha once lived there.¹ ### [v1.c8.132](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.132) ¹ S. i. 206. ### [v1.c8.133](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.133) Indakhīla Sutta.—Like a tuft of cotton-wool or a ball of thistledown, wafted by every wind, are recluses and brahmins who do not understand, as they really are, the facts of Ill; like an indakhīla, unshakable, unquakable, are those who do so understand.¹ ### [v1.c8.134](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.134) ¹ S. v. 443-5. ### [v1.c8.135](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.135) 1. Indagutta.—A thera. He superintended the construction of the Mahāthūpa at Anurādhapura.¹ Duṭṭhagāmaṇi consulted him with regard to all details and appointed him kammādhiṭṭhāyaka from the commencement of the work.² He had great psychic powers, and at the festival of the dedication of the Thūpa he created a parasol of copper, as great as the universe, to ward off any harm that might befall those taking part in the celebrations.³ He was at the side of the king throughout the festival,⁴ and, by virtue of his power, all the inhabitants of Ceylon, who wished to worship the relics at the Mahāthūpa, were enabled to go to Anuradhapura the moment the wish to do so entered their hearts, and to return the same day.⁵ ### [v1.c8.136](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.136) ¹ Mhv. xxxviii. 98; Dpv. xix. 5, 6, 8. ### [v1.c8.137](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.137) ² MṬ. 550 f. ### [v1.c8.138](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.138) ³ Mhv. xxxi. 85. ### [v1.c8.139](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.139) ⁴ \*Ibid.\*, 105. ### [v1.c8.140](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.140) ⁵ \*Ibid.\*, 115. ### [v1.c8.141](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.141) This Indagutta is probably to be identified with the thera Indagutta, the head of a great pariveṇa in Rājagaha, who came to Ceylon with eighty thousand monks to be present at the foundation-ceremony of the Mahāthūpa.⁶ ### [v1.c8.142](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.142) ⁶ \*Ibid.\*, xxix. 30. ### [v1.c8.143](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.143) 2. Indagutta.—The thera appointed by the monks of Pāṭaliputta to superintend the work of building the eighty-four thousand vihāras undertaken by Asoka. The thera, by his power, made it possible for the dedication festivals of all the vihāras to be performed on the same day.¹ ### [v1.c8.144](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.144) ¹ Mhv. v. 174; Sp.i. 49. ### [v1.c8.145](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.145) \*\*Indadvāra.\*\*—One of the fourteen gates of Pulatthipura built by Parakkamabāhu I.¹ ### [v1.c8.146](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.146) ¹ Cv. lxxiii. 160. ### [v1.c8.147](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.147) \*\*Indapatta (Indapattana, Indapattha).\*\*—A town in the Kuru country. In the \*Kurudhamma Jātaka\*,¹ Dhanañjaya Koravya (\*q.v.\*), is mentioned as its king and as the owner of Añjanavasabha, the elephant of wondrous power. The town was seven leagues in extent² and there was a road that ran straight from Indapatta to Bārāṇasī.³ In times past, Indapatta was considered one of the three chief cities of Jambudīpa, the others being Uttarapañcāla and Kekaka.⁴ According to a verse found at the end of the \*Buddhavamsa\*,⁵ the Buddha’s razor and needle were enshrined at Indapatta. ### [v1.c8.148](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.148) ¹ J. ii. 365 f.; also J. iii. 400; iv. 361; v. 457; vi. 255; Cyp. i. 3, v. 1. ### [v1.c8.149](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.149) ² J. v. 57; 484. ### [v1.c8.150](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.150) ³ \*Ibid.\*, 59. ### [v1.c8.151](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.151) ⁴ J. ii. 213, 214. ### [v1.c8.152](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.152) ⁵ Bu. xxviii. 11. ### [v1.c8.153](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.153) The modern Delhi stands on the site of Indapatta. ### [v1.c8.154](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.154) \*\*Indavarī.\*\*—Chief among the lay-women who supported Nārada Buddha.¹ ### [v1.c8.155](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.155) ¹ Bu. x. 25. ### [v1.c8.156](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.156) \*\*Indasama.\*\*—A king of thirteen kappas ago; a previous birth of Setuccha Thera,¹ also called Khajjakadāyaka.² ### [v1.c8.157](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.157) ¹ ThagA. i. 207. ### [v1.c8.158](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.158) ² Ap. i. 182. ### [v1.c8.159](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.159) \*\*Indasamānagotta.\*\*—A hermit who lived, with a large number of other anchorites, in the Himālaya. He had a young elephant which he had reared; being headstrong and rough in speech, he would not listen to the warning of his teacher, the Bodhisatta, that it was dangerous to have such a pet. Once while the hermits were away the elephant was seized with a frenzy, and when his master returned it killed him.¹ ### [v1.c8.160](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.160) ¹ J. ii. 41-3. Perhaps the man's name was Kosiya, because we are told (J. vi. 501) that Inda was of the Kosiyagotta. Kātiyāna, who was a brahmin of the Kosiyagotta (ThagA. i. 450), is addressed in a verse (416) of the \*Theragāthā\* as Indasagotta. ### [v1.c8.161](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.161) \*\*Indasamānagotta Jātaka.\*\*—The story of Indasamānagotta, given above. It was told in reference to an unruly monk, who is identified with the hermit of the \*Jātaka\*.¹ ### [v1.c8.162](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.162) ¹ J. ii. 41 ff. ### [v1.c8.163](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.163) For details see the \*Gijjha Jātaka\*. ### [v1.c8.164](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.164) Indasālaka.—A cave, the size of a bed in a monk’s cell, near Vallipāsāṇa Vihāra. It was the residence of Mahā-Nāgasena Thera. When he was ill, eight thousand arahants and the inhabitants of the two deva worlds, led by Sakka, came to look after him. They all found room in the cave.¹ ### [v1.c8.165](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.165) ¹ MT. 552. ### [v1.c8.166](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.166) Indasālaguhā.—A cave on the Vediya mountain, to the north of Ambasaṇḍā, which was a brahmin village, east of Rājagaha. Once, when the Buddha was staying there, Sakka visited him and asked him the questions recorded in the Sakkapañha Sutta.¹ ### [v1.c8.167](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.167) ¹ D. ii. 263. ### [v1.c8.168](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.168) Buddhaghosa² says that the cave lay between two overhanging rocks, with a large sāla-tree at the entrance. The village community had added walls with doors and windows and had ornamented it with polished plaster scroll-work and garlands and had presented it to the Buddha. In Fa Hsien’s time,³ it was still inhabited and he describes it as being one yojana north-east of Nālandā. Hiouen Thsang,⁴ however, found it deserted. Both pilgrims noticed marks on the rock; according to Fa Hsien they were the answers to Sakka’s questions written by the Buddha with his finger, while Hiouen Thsang says that both questions and answers were written on the stone. ### [v1.c8.169](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.169) ² DA. iii. 697. ### [v1.c8.170](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.170) ³ Giles, 48 f. ### [v1.c8.171](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.171) ⁴ CAGI. 539 ff.; Stein, Ind. Antiq. 1901, p. 54. ### [v1.c8.172](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.172) The cave is identified with one about two miles to the south-west of the modern village of Giriyek.⁵ ### [v1.c8.173](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.173) ⁵ He calls it Indraka-saila-guhā (Beal ii. 180-1). ### [v1.c8.174](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.174) It is said that on the occasion of the preaching of the Sakkapañha Sutta, eight hundred million devas realised the Truth.⁶ ### [v1.c8.175](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.175) ⁶ Mil. 349. ### [v1.c8.176](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.176) Indranagarī.—The capital of Indra,¹ evidently another name for Amarāvatī. ### [v1.c8.177](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.177) ¹ Cv. lxxxviii. 121. ### [v1.c8.178](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.178) Indriya Jātaka (No. 423).—Once an ascetic named Nārada, younger brother of Kāḷadevala, became a disciple of the Bodhisatta Jotipāla (also called in the story Sarabhaṅga), and lived in the mountainous country of Arañjara. Near Nārada’s hermitage was a river, on the banks of which courtesans used to sit, tempting men. Nārada saw one of these courtesans, and becoming enamoured of her, forsook his meditations and pined away for lack of food. Kāḷadevala, being aware of this, tried to wean him from his desires. Nārada, however, refused to be comforted, even when his colleagues, Sālissara, Meṇḍissara and Pabbatissara admonished him. In the end Sarabhaṅga himself was summoned and Nārada, having listened to the words of his Master, was persuaded to give up his passion. ### [v1.c8.179](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.179) The story was told in reference to a backsliding monk. He went about for alms with his teachers and instructors but, being their junior, he received very little attention. Dissatisfied with his food and treatment, he sought his wife of former days. She provided him with every comfort and gradually tempted him with the desire to become a householder again. When the monk’s fellow-celibates discovered his wish, they took him to the Buddha who preached to him this Jātaka, showing that in a past life, too, he had been sorely tempted by the same woman. Nārada was identified with the backsliding monk and the courtesan with the wife of his lay-days.¹ ### [v1.c8.180](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.180) ¹ J. iii. 461-9. ### [v1.c8.181](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.181) The Buddha is stated on this occasion to have preached also the Kaṇḍina Jātaka,² the Rādha Jātaka,³ the Ruhaka Jātaka,⁴ the Kaṇavera Jātaka,⁵ the Asaṅka Jātaka⁶ and the Alambusā Jātaka.⁷ ### [v1.c8.182](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.182) ² J. i. 153 ff. ### [v1.c8.183](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.183) ³ Ibid., 495 ff. ### [v1.c8.184](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.184) ⁴ J. ii. 113 ff. ### [v1.c8.185](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.185) ⁵ J. iii. 58 ff. ### [v1.c8.186](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.186) ⁶ Ibid., 248 ff. ### [v1.c8.187](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.187) ⁷ J. v. 152 ff. ### [v1.c8.188](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.188) The Indriya Jātaka is also referred to in the Kāmavilāpa Jātaka,⁸ but the connection between the two stories is not clear; perhaps the reference is to another story of the same name. ### [v1.c8.189](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.189) ⁸ J. ii. 443 ff. ### [v1.c8.190](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.190) 1. Indriya Sutta.—The monk possessed of six qualities—the five indriyas (saddhā, etc.), and the freedom of mind brought about by the destruction of the āsavas—is worthy of offerings, etc.¹ ### [v1.c8.191](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.191) ¹ A. iii. 281. ### [v1.c8.192](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.192) 2. Indriya Sutta.—Where control of the faculties of sense (indriya) is not found, morality ceases to exist and, in consequence, concentration, insight into and knowledge of reality as it is, detachment and the feeling of revulsion, insight into liberation—these also cease to exist. When such control is present all the other qualities are also present.¹ ### [v1.c8.193](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.193) ¹ A. iii. 360. ### [v1.c8.194](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.194) 3. Indriya Sutta.—If a monk, observing the rise and fall in the faculties of sense, is repelled by them and lusts not for them, the knowledge arises in him that he is free and that for him there is no hereafter. Thus would he be perfect in faculty.¹ 4. \*\*Indriya Sutta.\*\*—The five \*indriyas\* (\*saddhā\*, etc.), are called the Path that goes to the Uncompounded (\*asaṅkhata\*).¹ ### [v1.c8.195](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.195) ¹ S. iv. 140. ### [v1.c8.196](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.196) ¹ S. iv. 361. ### [v1.c8.197](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.197) 5. \*\*Indriya Sutta.\*\*—The five \*indriyas\* (\*saddhā\*, etc.), when practised with singleness of heart, dispassion, and cessation that conduces to abandonment, form the Path leading to the Uncompounded.¹ ### [v1.c8.198](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.198) ¹ S. iv. 365. ### [v1.c8.199](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.199) 6. \*\*Indriya Sutta.\*\*—Anuruddha tells his colleagues that by cultivating the four \*satipaṭṭhānas\*, he knows, as they really are, the nature of the minds of other beings, of other persons (\*indriyaparopariyatti\*).¹ ### [v1.c8.200](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v1.c8.200) ¹ S. v. 305. _First 200 of 402 passages. 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