[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [Dictionary of Pali Proper Names](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937) › v2.c27 # Dictionary of Pali Proper Names v2.c27: P Dictionary of Pāli Proper Names v2.c27 - **Language:** English ### P ### [v2.c27.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.1) Pamsu Sutta.—The five classes of pamsukūlikas, corresponding to the five kinds of āraññakas.¹ (See Arañña Sutta.) ### [v2.c27.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.2) ¹ A. iii. 219. ### [v2.c27.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.3) Pamsukūladhovana Jātaka.—The Sumaṅgala-Vilāsinī¹ mentions a Jātaka by this name, together with the Vessantara Jātaka, and says that the earth trembled at the preaching of these Jātakas. Faüsboll's edition contains no Jātaka of this name, nor have I been able to trace it elsewhere. It may have some connection with the Pamsukūladhovana pāṭihāriya, which formed one of the fifteen hundred miracles that assisted the conversion of Uruvela-Kassapa.² ### [v2.c27.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.4) ¹ DA. i. 130. ### [v2.c27.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.5) ² See Vin. i. 29. ### [v2.c27.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.6) Pamsukūlapūjaka Thera.—An arahant. Ninety-one kappas ago he saw a pamsukūla robe hanging over the mountain Udaka (Uraga), and being pleased with the sight, he offered before it three kinkhaṇi flowers.¹ His Apadāna verses are mentioned in the Theragātha Commentary in connection both with Gosāla Thera² and with Mahākāla Thera.³ ### [v2.c27.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.7) ¹ Ap. ii. 434. ### [v2.c27.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.8) ² ThagA. i. 79. ### [v2.c27.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.9) ³ Ibid., 272. ### [v2.c27.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.10) Pamsukūlasaññika Thera.—An arahant. He was a hunter in the time of Tissa Buddha, and, one day, seeing in the forest a pamsukūla robe of the Buddha, he worshipped it.¹ He is probably identical with Puṇṇamāsa Thera.² ### [v2.c27.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.11) ¹ Ap. ii. 418 f. ### [v2.c27.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.12) ² ThagA. i. 297 ff. ### [v2.c27.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.13) Pamsukūli, Pamsukūlino, Pamsukūlikā.—A sect of ascetics in Ceylon, whose particular observance was probably the use of rag robes (pamsukūla). Their early origin is not known. Mānavamma is said to have built for them a pāsāda in the Thūpārāma.¹ They also occupied the Rājamātika-vihāra and enjoyed the special favour of both Aggabodhi V. and of Aggabodhi VII.² Vajira, senāpati of Aggabodhi IX., built for them the Kacchavāla-vihāra.³ Sena I. established for them headquarters on the Arittha-pabbata and also made special provision for them at Pulatthipura.⁴ They seem to have originally belonged to the congregation of the Abhayagiri-vihāra, and continued to do so up to the reign of Sena II., when they separated off and formed special groups.⁵ Later, Sena Ilanga, general of Kassapa IV., built the Samuddagiri-parivena, in the Mahā-vihāra for their use, and it is said that he dispensed rice and clothing to the mothers of the Pamsukulikas.⁶ In the time of Udaya III. various officials of the court fled to the tapovana occupied by the Pamsukulikas, but were pursued thither by the king and his viceroy and beheaded. Incensed by this act, the Pamsukulikas left the tapovana, which stood on land granted by the king, and went to Rohana. The people rose in rebellion, and those who had perpetrated the crime in the tapovana visited the Pamsukulikas in Rohana, asked their forgiveness, and persuaded them to return.⁷ Mahinda IV. also showed them great honour.⁸ We hear of them last in the reign of Vikkamabāhu II., when that king deprived them of their lands, and they, in anger, retired again to Rohana.⁹ Thenceforth we hear no more of the sect, and it probably ceased to exist. ### [v2.c27.14](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.14) ¹ Cv. xlvii. 66. ### [v2.c27.15](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.15) ² Ibid., xlviii. 4, 16, 73. ### [v2.c27.16](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.16) ³ Ibid., xlix. 80. ### [v2.c27.17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.17) ⁴ Ibid., l. 63, 76. ### [v2.c27.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.18) ⁵ Ibid., li. 52. ### [v2.c27.19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.19) ⁶ Ibid., lii. 21. ### [v2.c27.20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.20) ⁷ Ibid., liii. 14 ff., 21 ff. ### [v2.c27.21](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.21) ⁸ Ibid., liv. 18, 24 f. ### [v2.c27.22](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.22) ⁹ Ibid., lxi. 59 f. ### [v2.c27.23](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.23) It is mentioned in the Anguttara Commentary¹⁰ that, after the depredations of Candāla-Tissa, when the religion was at a very low ebb, a discussion arose between the Pamsukulikas and the Dhammakathikas as to which was the more important branch of the sāsana—pariyatti or patipatti. The Pamsukulikas voted for patipatti, but were defeated by the others. ### [v2.c27.24](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.24) ¹⁰ AA. i. 52 f. ### [v2.c27.25](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.25) Pamsudhovaka Sutta.—The process of getting rid of the impurities found in gold ore is a very gradual one, involving many stages; so is the progress in ecstatic meditation, the first step in which is the removal of the gross sins.¹ ### [v2.c27.26](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.26) ¹ A. i. 253. ### [v2.c27.27](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.27) Pamsupabbata-vihāra.—A monastery in Ceylon, mentioned as the residence of Bhuvenakabāhu Thera.¹ ### [v2.c27.28](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.28) ¹ P.L.C. 247. ### [v2.c27.29](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.29) Pamsupisācakā.—A class of pisācas, born in filth.¹ The word is used as a term of contempt.² ### [v2.c27.30](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.30) ¹ MA. ii. 713, 921; UdA. 247. ### [v2.c27.31](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.31) ² E.g., AA. i. 438; MA. ii. 610, 611. ### [v2.c27.32](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.32) Pakudha-Kaccāyana (Pakudha-Kātiyāna, Kakudha-Kaccāyana, Kakuda-Kātiyāna).—Head of one of the six heretical sects of the Buddha's time. In the Sāmaññaphala Sutta,¹ Ajātasattu is said to have visited him and obtained from him an exposition of his teaching, which was to the effect that the four elements—earth, fire, air, water; pleasure, pain, and the soul—these seven things were eternally existent and unchangeable in their very nature; that there is no volitional activity of consciousness in them. His doctrine is, therefore, one of non-action (akiriya-vāda). When one, with a sharp sword, cleaves a head in twain, no one is thereby deprived of life, a sword has merely penetrated into the interval between seven elementary substances.² In other words, there is no such act as killing, or hearing, or knowing, etc.; no conceptions of, or distinction between, good and bad, knowledge and ignorance, etc.³ ### [v2.c27.33](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.33) ¹ D. i. 56. ### [v2.c27.34](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.34) ² Cf. the doctrine of the Cartesians, that there is no sin in taking the life of lower animals because they have no soul. ### [v2.c27.35](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.35) ³ Pakudha's teachings are also referred to in the Sandaka Sutta (M. i. 517), and ### [v2.c27.36](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.36) Buddhaghosa adds⁴ that Pakudha avoided the use of cold water, using always hot; when this was not available, he did not wash. If he crossed a stream he would consider this as a sin, and would make expiation by constructing a mound of earth. This is evidence of the ascetic tendency in his teaching on matters of external conduct. His teaching is, however, described as nissirikaladdhi. ### [v2.c27.37](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.37) ⁴ DA. i. 144. ### [v2.c27.38](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.38) We are told⁵ that Pakudha's followers did not hold him in high esteem, in contrast to the devotion felt for the Buddha by his followers. Pakudha did not welcome questions, and displayed annoyance and resentment when cross-examined. Elsewhere,⁶ however, he is spoken of as having been highly honoured by the people, a teacher of large and well-reputed schools, with numerous followers. But he did not lay claim to perfect enlightenment.⁷ ### [v2.c27.39](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.39) ⁵ M. i. 250; ii. 4. ### [v2.c27.40](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.40) ⁶ E.g., M. i. 198; S. i. 66; SN. p. 91. ### [v2.c27.41](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.41) ⁷ S. i. 68. ### [v2.c27.42](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.42) Pakudha-Kaccāyana's name is spelt in several ways. Some texts there described at even greater length, but here his name is not mentioned. ### [v2.c27.43](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.43) give his personal name as Kakudha, or Kakuda. In the Praśnopaniṣad,⁸ mention is made of a Kakuda Kātyāna, a younger contemporary of Pippalāda. There he is called Kabandhin, which name, like Kakuda, means that he had a hump on his neck or shoulder. Buddhaghosa says⁹ that Pakudha was his personal name and Kaccāyana that of his gotta. The Kaccāyana (or Kātiyāna, as it is sometimes called) was a brahmin gotta. ### [v2.c27.44](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.44) ⁸ Barua: Prebuddhistic Indian Philosophy, 281; see also Dvy. 143; Mtu. i. 253, 256, 259; iii. 383. ### [v2.c27.45](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.45) ⁹ DA. i. 144; SA. i. 102. ### [v2.c27.46](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.46) Pakudha is mentioned as having been, in a past life, one of the five diṭṭhigatikas mentioned in the Mahābodhi Jātaka.¹⁰ He is also mentioned in the Milindapañha¹¹ as one of the teachers visited by Milinda. The whole account is either a plagiarism of the Sāmaññaphala Sutta or else the teachers referred to only belonged to the same respective schools of thought. ### [v2.c27.47](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.47) ¹⁰ J. v. 246. ### [v2.c27.48](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.48) ¹¹ p. 8. ### [v2.c27.49](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.49) \*\*Pakudhanagara.\*\*—A city, evidently in Burma, once the centre of great literary activity.¹ ### [v2.c27.50](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.50) ¹ See Gv. 65; but elsewhere (Gv. 67) the works attributed to the residents of Pakudhanagara are stated to have been written in Kāñcīpura. See also Gv. 75, where reference is made to a Makuranagara, v.l. Pakuta. Perhaps this is the same as Pakudha. ### [v2.c27.51](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.51) \*\*Pakiṇṇaka Nipāta.\*\*—The fourteenth section of the Jātakaṭṭhakathā.¹ ### [v2.c27.52](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.52) ¹ J. iv. 276, 374. ### [v2.c27.53](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.53) \*\*Pakiṇṇaka Vagga.\*\*—The twenty-first chapter of the Dhammapada. ### [v2.c27.54](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.54) \*\*Pakulā.\*\*—See Sakulā. ### [v2.c27.55](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.55) \*\*Pakkanta Sutta.\*\*—The Buddha addresses the monks at Gijjhakūṭa, soon after Devadatta had seceded from the order, and tells them that Devadatta's gain was his ruin, in the same way as the flowering of the plaintain, the bamboo and the rush.¹ ### [v2.c27.56](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.56) ¹ S. ii. 241. ### [v2.c27.57](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.57) \*\*Pakkha Thera.\*\*—An arahant. He was a Sākyan of Devadaha and was called Sammoda, but in his boyhood he suffered from rheumatism (vātaroga) and was crippled for some time; hence he came to be called Pakkha (cripple) even after his recovery. When the Buddha visited his kinsfolk he entered the Order and lived in the forest. One day he saw a kite flying up into the sky with some flesh, from which first one kite and then another grabbed a piece. Reflecting that worldly desires were like the flesh taken by the kite, he developed insight and attained arahantship. ### [v2.c27.58](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.58) In the time of Vipassī Buddha he had been a yakkha-senāpati with a retinue of eighty-four thousand and had given the Buddha a divine robe. ### [v2.c27.59](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.59) Fifteen kappas ago he was sixteen times cakkavatti under the name of Suvāhana (Vāhana).¹ ### [v2.c27.60](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.60) ¹ Thag. vs. 63; ThagA. i. 144 f. ### [v2.c27.61](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.61) He is evidently identical with Mahāparivāra of the Apadāna.² ### [v2.c27.62](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.62) ² Ap. i. 146 f. ### [v2.c27.63](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.63) Paṅkadhā.—A township in Kosala, the residence of a monk named Kassapa of the Kassapagotta. The Buddha is mentioned as having once stayed there during his tours in Kosala.¹ ### [v2.c27.64](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.64) ¹ A. i. 236; AA. i. 446. ### [v2.c27.65](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.65) Paṅkadhā Sutta.—When the Buddha stayed at Paṅkadhā during one of his tours and instructed the monks there, Kassapa of the Kassapagotta disapproved of his teaching, thinking that he was too scrupulous. But later, when the Buddha returned to Rājagaha, Kassapa, filled with remorse, followed him thither, and confessing his transgression, begged for forgiveness. The Buddha praised him for having made confession, and said that only those monks who were zealous in the practice of religion deserved praise, but others did not.¹ ### [v2.c27.66](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.66) ¹ A. i. 236 f. ### [v2.c27.67](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.67) Paṅkavela.—A village in Ceylon where Vikkamabāhu II. defeated Jayabāhu I. and his brothers.¹ ### [v2.c27.68](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.68) ¹ Cv. lxi. 16; see also Cv. Trs. i. 226, n. 2. ### [v2.c27.69](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.69) Paṅga.—The name of a Pacceka Buddha, found in a nominal list.¹ ### [v2.c27.70](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.70) ¹ M. iii. 70; ApA. i. 107. ### [v2.c27.71](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.71) Paṅgura-vihāra.—A monastery in Hatthibhogajanapada in the south of Ceylon. In front of its refectory stood a paṅgura tree. One day the devatā of the tree heard a novice recite the Mahādhammasamādāna Sutta and applauded the recital. On being questioned by the novice, he told him that he had heard the Buddha preach the sutta but had been unable to see him, there being so many deities present more important than himself. It is said that the devatā became a sotāpanna on the very day of this conversation.¹ ### [v2.c27.72](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.72) ¹ MA. i. 530 f. ### [v2.c27.73](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.73) Pagata Sutta.—A conversation between Sāriputta and Mahā Koṭṭhita as to whether or not the Tathāgata exists after death.¹ ### [v2.c27.74](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.74) ¹ S. iv. 384 f. ### [v2.c27.75](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.75) Pacalā Sutta.—Once, when the Buddha was at Sumsumāragiri, he saw with his divine eye that Moggallāna was at Kallavāḷamuttagāma, and that he was nodding (pacalāyamāno) very sleepily. He thereupon visited him and instructed him in the various ways of overcoming somnolence. Some other miscellaneous subjects are also dealt with in this sutta, such as the proper way of entering a house, the benefits of dwelling in solitude, the advantages of practising mettā.¹ ### [v2.c27.76](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.76) ¹ A. iv. 85 ff. ### [v2.c27.77](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.77) Pacāyika Sutta.—Few are they that pay respect to the elders of the clan; more numerous those that do not.¹ Both the text and the uddāna call this sutta Pacāyika, but the correct name is Apacāyika, and it should be altered to this. ### [v2.c27.78](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.78) ¹ S. v. 468. ### [v2.c27.79](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.79) Pacuruyyāna.—A park in Ceylon, laid out by Parakkamabāhu I.¹ ### [v2.c27.80](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.80) ¹ Cv. lxxix. 12. ### [v2.c27.81](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.81) Pacetana.—A king of old, whose wheelwright was the Bodhisatta.¹ See Cakkavatti Sutta. ### [v2.c27.82](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.82) ¹ A. i. 110. ### [v2.c27.83](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.83) Pacetana Sutta.—See Cakkavatti Sutta. ### [v2.c27.84](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.84) Paceli-vihāra.—A monastery in Soṇṇagiripāda, residence of Soṇaka Thera, son of the hunter.¹ ### [v2.c27.85](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.85) ¹ MA. ii. 887. ### [v2.c27.86](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.86) Paccanīka Sutta.—Once the brahmin Paccanīkasāta of Sāvatthi visited the Buddha and asked him to recite a doctrine. But the Buddha refused, saying that there was no use in trying to teach one whose heart was corrupt and full of animosity. This refusal seems to have pleased the brahmin.¹ ### [v2.c27.87](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.87) ¹ S. i. 179. ### [v2.c27.88](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.88) Paccanīkasāta.—A brahmin of Sāvatthi, to whom the Buddha refused to preach (see Paccanīka Sutta). Buddhaghosa says¹ that the brahmin was so called ("Gainsayer") because he took delight in opposing everything that anyone else said. ### [v2.c27.89](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.89) ¹ SA. i. 205. ### [v2.c27.90](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.90) Paccanta Sutta.—Few are those born in the Majjhimadesa; more numerous those born in the Paccanta-janapada, among unreasoning barbarians.¹ ### [v2.c27.91](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.91) ¹ S. v. 466. ### [v2.c27.92](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.92) Paccantajanapada.—In the texts contrast is often drawn between the Paccantajanapada and the Majjhimadesa. In the latter the fortunate ones are born, and it is a great disadvantage to be born outside it; for, then, the possibilities of hearing of the Buddha and his teaching become remote.¹ The boundaries of the Majjhimadesa are given in several places, and the Paccantajanapada lies beyond these boundaries. They are: in the east, Kajaṅgala and Mahāsālā; in the south-east, the river Salalavatī; in the west, Setakaṇṇikā; in the west, Thūna; and in the north, Usiraddhaja (pabbata).² The Vinaya rules were relaxed in the case of those who lived in the Paccantajanapada, where it is said that the Buddha never spent a night.³ ### [v2.c27.93](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.93) ¹ E.g., DhA. iii. 248, 489; KhA. 133. ### [v2.c27.94](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.94) ² Vin. i. 197; J. i. 49; cp. Dvy. 21 f. ### [v2.c27.95](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.95) ³ MA. ii. 982. ### [v2.c27.96](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.96) 1. Paccaya Thera.—An arahant. He belonged to a noble family of Rohī (Rohiṇī) and succeeded to his father’s estate. Once, when he was holding a ceremonial oblation, a great number of people assembled, and the Buddha, arriving among them, preached from the sky, seated in a jewelled pavilion made for him by Vessavaṇa. Paccaya heard the preaching and renounced the world, attaining arahantship in a few days, and not leaving his cell till he had developed insight. ### [v2.c27.97](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.97) It is said that in the time of Kassapa Buddha, Paccaya was a monk who refused to leave the vihāra till he gained insight, but he died before his purpose was fulfilled. Earlier, ninety-one kappas ago, he had come across the Buddha Vipassī, on the banks of the Vinatā, and had offered him a fig (udumbara).¹ He is probably identical with Udumbaraphala-dāyaka of the Apadāna.² ### [v2.c27.98](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.98) ¹ Thag. vss. 222-4; ThagA. i. 341 f. ### [v2.c27.99](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.99) ² Ap. i. 295. ### [v2.c27.100](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.100) 2. Paccaya.—The state elephant of Vessantara, brought to the stall by a female flying elephant, on the day of his birth, and deposited there. He was white in colour, and was called Paccaya because he supplied a need of Vessantara.¹ ### [v2.c27.101](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.101) ¹ J. vi. 485. ### [v2.c27.102](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.102) \*\*Paccaya Sutta.\*\*—An explanation of the teaching regarding Paṭicca-samuppāda.¹ ### [v2.c27.103](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.103) \*\*Paccayasaṅgaha.\*\*—A compilation by Vācissāra.¹ ### [v2.c27.104](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.104) ¹ Gv. 71. ### [v2.c27.105](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.105) \*\*Paccari.\*\*—See Mahāpaccari. ### [v2.c27.106](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.106) \*\*Paccāgamanīya Thera.\*\*—An arahant. In the time of Vipassī Buddha he was a \*cakkavāka\* dwelling on the banks of the river Sindhu. One day, seeing the Buddha travelling through the air, the bird offered him a sāla flower in its beak. Seventeen kappas ago he was king eighteen times under the name of Sucārudassana.¹ He is probably identical with Puṇṇamāsa Thera.² ### [v2.c27.107](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.107) ¹ Ap. i. 113. ### [v2.c27.108](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.108) ² ThagA. i. 53 f. ### [v2.c27.109](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.109) \*\*Paccuggamanīya Thera.\*\*—An arahant. Ninety-four kappas ago he saw Siddhattha Buddha and followed him with rapt gaze. Twenty-seven kappas ago he was a king called Saparivāra.¹ ### [v2.c27.110](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.110) ¹ Ap. i. 240. ### [v2.c27.111](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.111) \*\*Paccupaṭṭhānasaññaka Thera.\*\*—An arahant. In the time of Atthadassī Buddha he was a yakkha, and, learning that the Buddha had died before he could pay him homage, he was filled with grief. The Buddha's disciple, Sāgara, advised him to honour the Buddha's \*thūpa\*, and this he did for five years. Seven kappas ago he became king four times under the name of Bhūripañña.¹ He is probably identical with Ekūdāniya Thera.² ### [v2.c27.112](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.112) ¹ Ap. i. 153. ### [v2.c27.113](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.113) ² ThagA. i. 153 f. ### [v2.c27.114](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.114) \*\*Paceka Buddha.\*\*—The name given to one who is enlightened by and for himself—i.e., one who has attained to supreme and perfect insight, but who dies without proclaiming the truth to the world—hence the equivalent "Silent Buddha" sometimes found in translations. Paceka Buddhas practise their \*pāramī\* for at least two thousand \*asaṅkheyya\* kappas. They are born in any of the three kulas: \*brāhmaṇa\*, \*khattiya\*, or \*gahapati\* only in a \*vivattamāna\* kappa, during which Buddhas are also born, but they never meet a Buddha face to face. They cannot instruct others; their realization of the Dhamma is "like a dream seen by a deaf mute." They attain to all the \*iddhi\*, \*samāpatti\* and \*paṭisambhidā\* of the Buddhas, but are second to the Buddhas in their spiritual development. They do ordain others; their admonition is only in reference to good and proper conduct (abhisamācārikasikkhā). Sometimes (e.g., at J. iv. 341) it is stated that a Pacceka Buddha’s knowledge and comprehension of ways and means is less than that of a Bodhisatta. They hold their uposatha in the Ratanamālaka, at the foot of the Mañjūsarukkha in Gandhamādana. It is possible to become a Pacceka Buddha while yet a layman, but, in this case, the marks of a layman immediately disappear. Three caves in the Nandamūlakapabbhāra—Suvaṇṇaguhā, Maṇiguhā and Rajataguhā—are the dwelling-places of Pacceka Buddhas. Round the Ratanamālaka, q.v. (or Sabbaratanamālaka), seats are always ready to receive the Pacceka Buddhas. When a Pacceka Buddha appears in the world, he immediately seeks the Ratanamālaka, and there takes his appointed seat. Then all the other Pacceka Buddhas in the world assemble there to meet him, and, in reply to a question by the chief of them, he relates the circumstances which led to his enlightenment. Similarly, all the Pacceka Buddhas assemble at the same spot when one of them is about to die. The dying one takes leave of the others, and, after his death, they cremate his body and his relics disappear.¹ But, according to another account, they die on the mountain called Mahāpapāta (q.v.). There does not seem to be any limit to the number of Pacceka Buddhas who could appear simultaneously. In one instance, five hundred are mentioned as so doing, all sons of Padumavatī (q.v.), at the head of whom was Mahāpaduma. In the Isigili Sutta² appears a long list of Pacceka Buddhas who dwelt on the Isigili Mountain (q.v.), and after whom the mountain was named. According to Buddhaghosa,³ the names in this list belonged to the five hundred sons of Padumavatī, but the number of the names is far less than five hundred. This discrepancy is explained by saying that as many as twelve bore the same name. Other names are found scattered over different texts, such as the Jātakaṭṭhakathā.⁴ The name occurring most frequently in the texts is that of Tagarasikhī (q.v.). Mention is also made of the Pacceka Buddhas going among men for alms and spending the rainy season in dwellings provided by men.⁵ ### [v2.c27.115](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.115) ¹ These details are given in SNA. i. 47, 51, 58, 63; KhA. 178, 199; ApA. i. 125; see also s.v. Gandhamādana. ### [v2.c27.116](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.116) ² M. iii. 68 ff. ### [v2.c27.117](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.117) ³ MA. ii. 889 ff. ### [v2.c27.118](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.118) ⁴ E.g., Darimukha (J. iii. 240), Sona-ka (v. 249); see also DhA. iv. 120, etc. ### [v2.c27.119](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.119) ⁵ E.g., DhA. ii. 112 f.; iii. 91, 368; iv. 200. Their patthanā (SNA. 51). Their wisdom less than that of a Bodhisatta (J. iv. 341). ### [v2.c27.120](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.120) Among the teachings preserved of the Pacceka Buddhas, the mos important is the Khaggavisāṇa Sutta (q.v.). For the definition of a Pacceka Buddha see Puggalapaññatti (p. 14; cf. p. 70). There he is described as one who understands the Truth by his own efforts, but does not obtain omniscience nor mastery over the Fruits (\*phalesu vasībhāvam\*). ### [v2.c27.121](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.121) \*\*Pacceka Brahmā.\*\*—Mention is made in one or two places in the books of Brahmas who are described as Pacceka Brahmā—\*e.g.\*, \*\*Subrahmā\*\*, \*\*Suddhāvāsa\*\* and \*\*Tudu\*\*.¹ I have not come across any explanation of this term. It may designate a Brahmā who does not live in any recognized Brahmā-world, but in a world of his own. ### [v2.c27.122](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.122) ¹ See \*s.v.\* ### [v2.c27.123](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.123) \*\*Paccorohaṇī Vagga.\*\*—The twelfth section of the Dassaka Nipāta of the Aṅguttara Nikāya.¹ One of the suttas deals with the “spiritual coming down again” (\*paccorohaṇī\*); hence, probably, the name of the Vagga. ### [v2.c27.124](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.124) ¹ A. v. 222-37. ### [v2.c27.125](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.125) \*\*Paccorohaṇī Sutta.\*\*—\*\*Jānussoṇi\*\* tells the Buddha how, on certain fast days, the brahmins perform a ceremony called \*paccorohaṇī\*, when they bathe and purify themselves and worship the fire three times during the night. He then asks the Buddha whether the Ariyans have a corresponding observance, and the Buddha answers him.¹ ### [v2.c27.126](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.126) ¹ A. v. 233 ff. ### [v2.c27.127](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.127) \*\*Pacchābhumma (Pacchābhūma).\*\*—The name given to the district to the west (of the Majjhimadesa).¹ Mention is also made of the \*\*Pacchābhūmaka\*\* brahmins, who are carriers of water-pots, fire-worshippers, and who claim to be able to send a man heavenward after death.² ### [v2.c27.128](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.128) ¹ S. iii. 5, 6; SA. ii. 186. ### [v2.c27.129](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.129) ² \*E.g.\*, A. v. 263; see also S. iv. 311. ### [v2.c27.130](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.130) \*\*Pacchābhū Thera.\*\*—The teacher of \*\*Malitavambha\*\*¹; the word perhaps means “born in the west”; see below. ### [v2.c27.131](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.131) ¹ Thag. vs. 105; ThagA. i. 211. ### [v2.c27.132](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.132) \*\*Pacchābhūmaka Sutta\*\* (=\*\*Mataka Sutta\*\*).—Once, when the Buddha was at the \*\*Pāvārika-ambavana\*\*, \*\*Asibandhakaputta\*\* visits him and asks if he claims to be able to send men heavenwards as do the \*\*Pacchābhūmaka\*\* brahmins. The Buddha explains to him that a man’s destiny depends on the life he leads; no one else can send him to heaven or to a place of suffering.¹ ### [v2.c27.133](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.133) ¹ S. iv. 311 f. ### [v2.c27.134](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.134) \*\*Pacchāsamaṇa Sutta.\*\*—The five qualities which should be lacking in a monk who is taken as an attendant (\*pacchāsamaṇa\*).¹ ### [v2.c27.135](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.135) \*\*Pacchidāyaka Thera.\*\*—See \*\*Sajjhadāyaka\*\*. ### [v2.c27.136](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.136) \*\*Pacchimadesa, Pacchimadisā, Pacchimapassa.\*\*—A province in Ceylon, probably in the west.¹ In the province was the \*\*Vallipāsāṇa-vihāra\*\*, residence of \*\*Mahā-Nāgasena\*\*.² ¹ Cv. xliv. 88 f.; but see Cv. \*Trs.\* i. 82, n. 4. ² MT. 552. ### [v2.c27.137](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.137) \*\*Pacchimārāma.\*\*—A monastery, probably to the west of \*\*Pulatthipura\*\*. It was founded by \*\*Parakkamabāhu I.\*\* and contained twenty-two pariveṇas and numerous other buildings.¹ ¹ Cv. lxxviii. 70 ff. ### [v2.c27.138](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.138) \*\*Pajāka.\*\*—A king. \*\*Lambacūḷaka\*\* was in his kingdom and \*\*Meṇḍissara\*\* (\*q.v.\*) lived there with his followers.¹ But, elsewhere,² we are told that \*\*Lambacūḷaka\*\* was in the kingdom of \*\*Caṇḍappajota\*\*. Does this mean that the kingdom of \*\*Caṇḍappajjota\*\* was identical with that of \*\*Pajāka\*\*? ¹ J. iii. 463. ² J. v. 133. ### [v2.c27.139](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.139) 1. \*\*Pajāna Sutta.\*\*—It is impossible to destroy Ill without understanding the eye, the nose, etc.¹ ¹ S. iv. 89. ### [v2.c27.140](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.140) 2. \*\*Pajāna Sutta.\*\*—Ill cannot be destroyed without understanding objects, sounds, savours, etc.¹ ¹ S. iv. 90. ### [v2.c27.141](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.141) 1. \*\*Pajāpati.\*\*—A name given to \*\*Māra\*\*, because he uses his power over all creatures.¹ ¹ M. i. 2; MA. i. 28. ### [v2.c27.142](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.142) 2. \*\*Pajāpati.\*\*—One of the kings of the devas, mentioned with \*\*Sakka\*\*, \*\*Varuṇa\*\*, \*\*Isāna\*\*, etc.¹ \*\*Buddhaghosa\*\* says² that he, among the gods, was like \*\*Sakka\*\* in looks and that he lived to the same age, but in the assembly he occupied the second seat. He is sometimes mentioned with \*\*Brahmā\*\*, as distinct from him.³ In the \*\*Āṭānāṭiya Sutta\*\*⁴ he is mentioned among the \*\*Mahāyakkhas\*\*, to be invoked by followers of the Buddha in times of danger. ¹ S. i. 219; D. i. 244; in J. v. 28 he is mentioned with Varuṇa and Soma; see also D. ii. 274; DA iii. 709. ² SA. i. 262. ³ J. vi. 568, 571; M. i. 140, 327, 329. ⁴ D. iii. 204. ### [v2.c27.143](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.143) 3. Pajāpati.—See Mahā-Pajāpati Gotamī. ### [v2.c27.144](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.144) Pajjamadhu.—A Pāli poem of one hundred and four stanzas, by Coḷiya Dīpaṅkara or Buddhapiya, on the beauty of the Buddha’s person, of his teaching and of the Saṅgha.¹ ### [v2.c27.145](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.145) ¹ P.L.C. 222; Svḍ. 1260. ### [v2.c27.146](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.146) Pajjaraka.—The name of a disease which afflicted Abhayapura (capital of Ceylon) in the time of Kakusandha Buddha. It was due to the influence of the yakkha Puṇṇakāla. Kakusandha visited the Island to dispel the disease. It is defined as an uṇhasīsābādha.¹ ### [v2.c27.147](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.147) ¹ Mhv. xv. 63; MṬ. 349. ### [v2.c27.148](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.148) Pajjuna.—The eighth of the ten Andhakaveṇhudāsaputtā, sons of Devagabhā.¹ ### [v2.c27.149](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.149) ¹ J. iv. 81; PvA. 93, 111. ### [v2.c27.150](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.150) Pajjunna.—A devarāja, the god of rain. He was subject to the will of Sakka, and the books contain instances of his causing rain to fall at the command of Sakka.¹ He was also influenced by the exercise of sacca-kiriyā (protestation of truth).² Buddhaghosa³ describes him as Vassavalāhaka, and says that he was an inhabitant of the Cātummahārājika world. Kokanaḍā and Culla Kokanaḍā were his daughters.⁴ Pajjunna is mentioned among the Mahāyakkhas to be invoked in time of need,⁵ and he was present at the preaching of the Mahāsamaya Sutta.⁶ ### [v2.c27.151](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.151) ¹ J. i. 330; Mhv. xxi. 31; J. iv. 253; ### [v2.c27.152](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.152) ² E.g., J. i. 331 f. ### [v2.c27.153](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.153) ³ SA. i. 64. ### [v2.c27.154](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.154) ⁴ S. i. 29 f. ### [v2.c27.155](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.155) ⁵ D. iii. 205. ### [v2.c27.156](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.156) ⁶ Ibid., ii. 260. ### [v2.c27.157](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.157) 1. Pajjunnadhītā Sutta.—Kokanaḍā, daughter of Pajjunna, visits the Buddha at the Mahāvana in Vesālī and praises him and his teaching.¹ ### [v2.c27.158](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.158) ¹ S. i. 29. ### [v2.c27.159](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.159) 2. Pajjunnadhītā Sutta.—Culla-Kokanaḍā, daughter of Pajjunna, visits the Buddha at the Mahāvana in Vesālī and, after paying homage to him and his teaching, utters a summary of the Dhamma.¹ ### [v2.c27.160](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.160) ¹ S. i. 30. ### [v2.c27.161](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.161) 1. Pajjota.—See Caṇḍappajjota. ### [v2.c27.162](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.162) 2. Pajjota.—A tank near Kāsapabbata, built by Duṭṭhagāmaṇī. Near it was the city of Pajjotanagara.¹ 1. \*\*Pajjota Sutta.\*\*—The four splendours: of the moon, the sun, fire, and wisdom.¹ ### [v2.c27.163](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.163) ¹ Mhv. xxv. 51; M. i. 346. ### [v2.c27.164](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.164) ¹ A. ii. 140. ### [v2.c27.165](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.165) 2. \*\*Pajjota Sutta.\*\*—The four things that give light: the sun, the moon, fire, and the Buddha, the Buddha being the best.¹ ### [v2.c27.166](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.166) ¹ S. i. 15. ### [v2.c27.167](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.167) 3. \*\*Pajjota Sutta.\*\*—A series of questions asked by a deva, and the Buddha’s answers; the first being on radiance—wisdom gives radiance to all the world.¹ ### [v2.c27.168](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.168) ¹ S. i. 44. ### [v2.c27.169](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.169) \*\*Pañca Sutta.\*\*—See \*\*Anattalakkhaṇa Sutta.\*\*¹ ### [v2.c27.170](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.170) ¹ S. iii. 66. ### [v2.c27.171](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.171) \*\*Pañcaka.\*\*—See \*\*Paṇḍaka\*\* and \*\*Pañcikā.\*\* ### [v2.c27.172](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.172) \*\*Pañcakaṅga.\*\*—The Thapati of Pasenadi, king of Kosala. He was a devoted follower of the Buddha and loved discussion. The \*\*Bahuve-daniya Sutta\*\*¹ is based on a discussion between him and Mahā-Udāyi, which discussion overheard and repeated to the Buddha. On another occasion, Pañcakaṅga related to the Buddha the conversation he had had with the Paribbājaka Uggāhamāna Samaṇamaṇḍikāputta, and the Buddha preached to him the \*\*Samaṇamaṇḍikā Sutta.\*\*² The \*\*Anuruddha Sutta\*\*³ contains a discussion between Anuruddha and Abhiya Kaccāna, which took place at Pañcakaṅga’s house, whither he had invited them. The discussion was started by a question asked by Pañcakaṅga. Buddhaghosa says⁴ that Pañcakaṅga was the Thapati’s personal name, and that he was so called (“Five-tools”) because he carried the five tools of a carpenter: \*vāsīpharasu\* (adze), \*nikhādana\* (chisel), \*daṇḍa\* (measuring stick), \*muggara\* (gavel), and \*kālasutta\* (blackened thread). He explains Thapati by \*vaḍḍhakī-jeṭṭha\*. ### [v2.c27.173](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.173) ¹ M. i. 396 ff.; see also S. iv. 223 f. ### [v2.c27.174](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.174) ² M. ii. 23 ff. ### [v2.c27.175](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.175) ³ M. iii. 144 ff. ### [v2.c27.176](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.176) ⁴ MA. ii. 629; SA. iii. 86. ### [v2.c27.177](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.177) \*\*Pañcakaṅga Sutta.\*\*—See \*\*Bahuvedanīya Sutta.\*\* ### [v2.c27.178](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.178) \*\*Pañcagati Suttā.\*\*—A series of suttas in which the Buddha declares that, through not understanding the four Ariyan truths, beings continue to be born in one or other of the five conditions: as humans, animals, petas, devas, or in the nirayas.¹ ### [v2.c27.179](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.179) ¹ S. v. 474 ff. ### [v2.c27.180](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.180) Pañcagativaṇṇanā.—The name of a Commentary.¹ ### [v2.c27.181](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.181) ¹ Gv. 65, 75. ### [v2.c27.182](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.182) Pañcagaru Jātaka (No. 132)=Bhiruka Jātaka.—The Bodhisatta was once the youngest of the hundred sons of Brahmadatta, king of Benares. He had, as far as could be seen, no chance of being king, but, on seeking the counsel of a Pacceka Buddha and following his advice, he became king on his father’s death. For details reference is invited to the “Takkasilā Jātaka,” this evidently being another name for the Telapatta Jātaka (q.v.). ### [v2.c27.183](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.183) This Jātaka was related in reference to the attempts made by Māra’s daughters to tempt the Buddha as he sat under the Ajapāla-nigrodha.¹ ### [v2.c27.184](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.184) ¹ J. i. 469 ff. ### [v2.c27.185](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.185) Pañcaggadāyaka.—A brahmin, so called because he gave the first-fruits of his harvest in five stages: when it was ripe, when it was being threshed, when it was put into tubs, when it was put in the boiler, and when it was heaped on the dish. One day, the Buddha went to his house and stood at the door, while the brahmin was having his meal, his wife serving him. The wife, seeing the Buddha, and fearing that her husband would give away his food, made a sign to the Buddha to go. But the Buddha made a gesture of refusal and sent a radiance in the direction of the brahmin. The wife laughed at the Buddha’s obstinacy, and, at that moment, the brahmin saw the Buddha and brought to him the remnant of his meal, which the Buddha accepted. He then preached to the brahmin and his wife, both of whom became anāgāmins.¹ ### [v2.c27.186](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.186) ¹ DhA. iv. 98 ff.; the story is also found at SNA. i. 270, but there the brahmin and his wife only become sotāpannas. ### [v2.c27.187](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.187) Pañcaggaḷalenavāsī-Tissa.—A young novice who could travel through the air. One day, while so journeying, he heard the daughter of the chief artisan of Girgāma singing in a lotus pond while bathing with five hundred friends. He was attracted by her voice and lost his concentration of mind.¹ ### [v2.c27.188](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.188) ¹ SNA. i. 70. ### [v2.c27.189](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.189) Pañcangika Vagga.—The third section of the Pañcaka Nipāta of the Aṅguttara Nikāya.¹ ### [v2.c27.190](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.190) ¹ A. iii. 14-32. ### [v2.c27.191](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.191) Pañcaṅguliya Thera.—An arahant. Ninety-two kappas ago he approached Tissa Buddha, who was entering the Gandhakuṭi, and offered him a handful of perfume. Seventy-two kappas ago he was a king called Sayampabhā.¹ ### [v2.c27.192](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.192) ¹ Ap. i. 186. ### [v2.c27.193](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.193) Pañcacūlaka.—The name of Sanaṅkumāra when he was born as a human in a former birth. He practised the jhāna, and having died in that state, was born in the brahma-world.¹ More probably, Pañcacūlaka here is not a name but a description meaning “while he was yet a lad with his hair tied in five knots.” ### [v2.c27.194](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.194) ¹ MA. ii. 584. ### [v2.c27.195](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.195) Pañcacūlakagāmadāraka.—The disguise assumed by Vissakamma when, acting on Sakka’s orders, he went with Asoka to fetch the relics for his cetiyas. These relics lay buried, and no one had been able to find them.¹ ### [v2.c27.196](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.196) ¹ DA. ii. 614; see Pañcacūlaka above for more probable explanation. ### [v2.c27.197](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.197) Pañcacchiddageha.—A brahmin and his wife wished to give alms to four brahmins; the brahmin went to the monastery to fetch them. With him returned four arahant-sāmaṇeras: Saṅkicca, Paṇḍita, Sopāka and Revata. The wife was angry at the sight of them and sent the man back. He brought, in turn, Sāriputta and Moggallāna, both of whom turned back on seeing the novices. Sakka’s throne was heated, as the novices sat hungry, and he came in the guise of a brahmin, entered the house, and sat down after worshipping the novices. The brahmin and his wife tried to turn him out; but failing in this, they fed all their five guests. Each of them made an opening in some part of the house, through which he departed. Henceforth the house was known as the Pañcacchiddageha.¹ ### [v2.c27.198](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.198) ¹ DhA. iv. 176 ff. ### [v2.c27.199](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.199) Pañcattaya Sutta.—Preached at Jetavana. It deals with various schools of thought and their doctrines regarding the future. Some say the self is conscious, others deny this; some teach annihilation, others deny that. The Buddha does not support any of these speculations.¹ ### [v2.c27.200](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.malalasekera-1937.v2.c27.200) ¹ M. ii. 228 ff. _First 200 of 2,400 passages. 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