[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [Puranic Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mani-1975) › c9.1037 # Puranic Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature c9.1037 Purāṇic Encyclopaedia: A Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Purāṇic Literature c9.1037 - **Language:** English ### [c9.1037](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mani-1975.c9.1037) SAMGHAM (SAṄGHAM). An organisation formed in olden days for the cultivation of Śentamil (classic Tamil) literature, which took its origin in south Drāviḍa land in the 4th century B.C. The Pāṇḍyas set up three Saṅghams for the promotion of this literature, the first one in southern Madura. When the city was swept by erosion of the sea they set up the second Saṅgham at Kapāṭapura. When Kapāṭapura also was destroyed by the sea, the third Saṅgham was founded in Drāviḍa Madura. The first Saṅgham was called Muṭarcaṅkam, the second Iṭaiccaṅkam and the third one Kaṭaiccaṅkam. Reliable information about the first two Saṅghams is not available. But, there are reasons to believe that a Saṅgham called Kaṭaiccaṅkam flourished for about six hundred years from 2nd century B.C. to the close of the 4th century A.D. (History of Kerala Literature by Ullūr, Part 1, Page 47). - [Previous: c9.1036](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mani-1975.c9.1036) - [Next: c9.1038](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mani-1975.c9.1038) - [Up: c9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mani-1975.c9) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mani-1975.c9.1037](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mani-1975.c9.1037) · Pramāṇa