[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [Prakrit Proper Names (Agamic Index I)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970) › v2 # Prakrit Proper Names (Agamic Index I) v2: Volume 2 Prakrit Proper Names (Āgamic Index I) v2 - **Language:** English ## Contents - [v2.c6 Front matter](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6) — 14 parts - [v2.c7 Preface](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c7) — 6 parts - [v2.c8 Prākṛta Proper Names, Part II](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8) — 416 parts - [v2.c9 Index](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c9) — 19 parts ### Volume 2 ### Front matter ### [v2.c6.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.1) PART II ### [v2.c6.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.2) By Dr. Mohan Lal Mehta Dr. K. Rishabh Chandra ### [v2.c6.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.3) ĀGAMIC INDEX ### [v2.c6.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.4) VOL. I ### [v2.c6.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.5) PART II ### [v2.c6.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.6) Compiled By MOHANLAL MEHTA M. A. (Phil. & Psy.), Ph.D., Śāstrācārya Director, P. V. Research Institute & K. RISHABH CHANDRA M. A. (Pali & Pkt.), Ph. D. Lecturer in Prakrit, Gujarat University ### [v2.c6.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.7) Edited By DALSUKH MALVANIA ### [v2.c6.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.9) L. D. INSTITUTE OF INDOLOGY AHMEDABAD-9 ( INDIA ) ### [v2.c6.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.10) First Edition : 1000 Copies \] ### [v2.c6.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.11) Oct. 1972 ### [v2.c6.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.12) Printed by : pp. 489- 928 Rajani Printery, Shethla Bldg., Relief Rd., Ahmedabad. pp. 929- 976 Time Printery, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad. pp. 977-1016 Shree Ramanand Press, Kankaria Rd., Ahmedabad-22. ### [v2.c6.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.13) Published by : Dalsukh Malvania, Director, L. D. Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad-9. ### [v2.c6.14](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.14) With the Financial assistance From the Ministry of Education, Government of India ### [v2.c6.15](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c6.15) Price Rupees 35/- ### Preface ### [v2.c7.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c7.1) In June 1970 we published the first part of the Dictionary of Prakrit Proper Names. It gives me great pleasure, indeed, in publishing its second part. With this part our project of this Dictionary is completed. Now we hope to undertake the project of preparing the Dictionary of Technical Terms in the Jaina canonical works. This will be the second volume of Agamic Index. The nature of the project being what it is, it will not be finished within a few years. Hence we are not able to say as to when it will be completed. Moreover, Muni Shri Punyavijayaji who guided us in such projects has passed away. So, we will have to carry out the project without his able guidance. ### [v2.c7.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c7.2) The delay in publishing this second part of the Dictionary is due to the addition of Index. I am thankful to my son, Ramesh Malvania who did this tedious work. He drew our attention to some irregularities in the Dictionary. Some words are not found in the main entries at proper places though they are printed in bold types in descriptions. Moreover, he pointed out some diacritical errors also. For all this I should thank him. ### [v2.c7.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c7.3) We heartily thank those scholars who have offered certain suggestions while reviewing the first part of this Dictionary. These suggestions will be considered when we shall have the good fortune to bring out the second edition of this work. My thanks are also due to Dr. Nagin J. Shah who corrected the proofs. ### [v2.c7.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c7.4) I thank the Ministry of Education and Youth Service, Govt. of India for sanctioning the publication grant of Rs. 12,000/-. ### [v2.c7.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c7.5) L. D. Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad-9. 2nd Oct. 1972. ### [v2.c7.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c7.6) Dalsukh Malvania Director ### Prākṛta Proper Names, Part II ### [v2.c8.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.2) \*\*Bausa ( Bakuasa )\*\* An Aṇāriya country and its people.¹ Maids brought from there, served in royal harems. See also \*\*Pausa\*\*. 1. Pras. 4, Jna. 18, Jam. 43. ### [v2.c8.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.3) \*\*Bandha\*\* (i) Ninth chapter of the eighth section¹ as well as (ii) seventh chapter of the twentieth section of Viyāhapaṇṇatti,² (iii) twenty-fourth as well as (iv) twenty-sixth chapter of Paṇṇavaṇā³ and (v) first chapter of Bandhadasā.⁴ 1. Bha. 309. 2. Ibid. 662. 3. Praj. v. 6. They are called Kammabandhaa and Vedabandhaa respectively. 4. Sth. 755. ### [v2.c8.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.4) \*\*Bandhadasā ( Bandhadasā )\*\* One of the ten \*dasā\* texts.¹ It is not available now. It consisted of the following ten chapters :² (1) Bandha, (2) Mokkha, (3) Devaddhi, (4) Dasāramamdala, (5) Āyariyavippadivatti, (6) Uvajjhāyavippadivatti, (7) Bhāvaṇā(1), (8) Vimutti(2), (9) Sāta and (10) Kamma. 1. Sth. 755. 2. Ibid. ### [v2.c8.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.5) \*\*Bandhumai ( Bandhumatī )\*\* See \*\*Bandhumatī(3).\*\*¹ 1. AvaM. p. 286. ### [v2.c8.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.6) \*\*1. Bandhumatī\*\* Chief woman-disciple of Titthamkara Malli(1).¹ 1. Jna. 78, Sam. 157, Tir. 461. ### [v2.c8.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.7) \*\*2. Bandhumatī\*\* Wife of gardener Ajjuṇa(1) of Rāyagiha.¹ 1. Ant. 13. ### [v2.c8.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.8) \*\*3. Bandhumatī\*\* Wife of farmer Gosamkhi of Gobbaragāma(1).¹ 1. AvaCu. I. p. 297, AvaM. p. 286. ### [v2.c8.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.9) \*\*Bandhuya ( Bandhuka )\*\* An Aṇāriya (non-Aryan) country, probably the same as Cambuya.¹ 1. Praj. 37. ### [v2.c8.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.10) \*\*Bandhuvatī\*\* Same as \*\*Bandhumatī.\*\*¹ 1. Sam. 157. ### [v2.c8.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.11) \*\*Bandhusiri ( Bandhuśrī )\*\* Wife of king Siridāma and mother of prince Namdivaddhana(3) of Mahurā(1).¹ 1. Bambha ( Brahman ) King of the city of Kampillapura; father of Cakkavaṭṭi Bambhadatta, (1) husband of queen Imdasiri, Imdajasā, Imdavasu and Culaṇī(2) and friend of kings Kaḍaa, Kaṇerudatta, Pupphacūla(2) and Dīha.¹ 1. UttN. and UttS. pp. 377-8, UttCu. p. 214. ### [v2.c8.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.12) 2. Bambha A palace belonging to Cakkavaṭṭi Bambhadatta.(1)¹ 1. Utt. 13.13. ### [v2.c8.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.13) 3. Bambha One of the thirty Muhuttas in a day and night.¹ 1. Jam. 152, Sur. 47, Sam. 30. ### [v2.c8.14](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.14) 4. Bambha Father of Duviṭṭha(2), the second Vāsudeva(1), and Vijaya(11), the second Baladeva(2). He was husband of Umā(1) and Subhaddā(8) and was king of Bāravai.¹ 1. Sth. 672, Sam. 158, AvaN. 409-411, Tir. 602-3, UttK. p. 349. ### [v2.c8.15](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.15) 5. Bambha Lord of Bambhaloa.¹ The name of his celestial car is Namdiāvatta(3).² 1. Praj. 53. 2. Sth. 644. ### [v2.c8.16](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.16) 6. Bambha A celestial abode in Lamtaa where gods live maximum for eleven sāgaropama years.¹ 1. Sam. 11. ### [v2.c8.17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.17) 7. Bambha Another name of Isipabbhārā.¹ 1. Sam. 12. ### [v2.c8.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.18) 8. Bambha A god eulogised in Āvassaya.¹ 1. Ava, p. 19. ### [v2.c8.19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.19) 9. Bambha One of the twelve disciples of preceptor Suhatthi(1).¹ 1. Kalp. pp. 257-8. ### [v2.c8.20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.20) Bambhakanta ( Brahmakānta ) A celestial abode similar to Bambha(6).¹ 1. Sam. 11. ### [v2.c8.21](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.21) Bambhakappa ( Brahmakalpa ) Same as Bambhaloga.¹ 1. Aca. 2. 179, Sam. 110. ### [v2.c8.22](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.22) Bambhakūḍa ( Brahmakūṭa ) A celestial abode similar to Bambha(6).¹ 1. Sam. 11. ### [v2.c8.23](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.23) Bambhacāri ( Brahmacārin ) One of the eight Gaṇadharas of Titthayara Pāsa(1).¹ 1. Sth. 617, Sam. 8. ### [v2.c8.24](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.24) Bambhacera ( Brahmacarya ) A collective name given to the chapters of the first section of Āyāraṃga.¹ 1. Sam. 9, 51, Sth. 662, AcaN. 284, NisBh. 1, SthA. p. 434. ### [v2.c8.25](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.25) Bambhacerasamāhiṭhāṇa (Brahmacaryasamādhisthāna) Sixteenth chapter of Uttarajjhayaṇa.¹ It is also known as Samāhiṭhāṇa.² ### [v2.c8.26](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.26) ¹ UttCu. pp. 238-243, AvaCu. II. p. 113. ### [v2.c8.27](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.27) ² Sam. 36, UttN. p. 9. ### [v2.c8.28](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.28) Bambhajhaya (Brahmadhvaja) A heavenly abode just like Bambha(6).¹ ### [v2.c8.29](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.29) ¹ Sam. 11. ### [v2.c8.30](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.30) Bambhapagāma (Brāhmaṇagrāma) A place visited by Mahāvīra. He went there from Suvaṇṇakhala. Naṃda(5) offered here alms to Mahāvīra while his brother Uvaṇamda(2) to Gosāla.¹ ### [v2.c8.31](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.31) ¹ AvaN. 476, Vis. 1930, AvaCu. I. p. 283. ### [v2.c8.32](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.32) Bambhaṇāgāma (Brāhmaṇagrāma) See Bambhaṇagāma.¹ ### [v2.c8.33](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.33) ¹ AvaCu. I. p. 283. ### [v2.c8.34](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.34) Bambhathala (Brahmasthala) A place where the sixth Titthaṃkara Paumappabha broke his first fast.¹ Cakkavaṭṭi Bambhadatta(1) had visited this place.² It is identified with Hastinapur.³ ### [v2.c8.35](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.35) ¹ AvaN. 323, AvaM. p. 227. ### [v2.c8.36](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.36) ² UttN. p. 379. ### [v2.c8.37](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.37) ³ LAI. p. 271. ### [v2.c8.38](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.38) 1. Bambhadatta (Brahmadatta) Twelfth Cakkavaṭṭi of the current descending cycle.¹ He reigned prior to Pāsa(1), the twenty-third Titthaṃkara and posterior to Ariṭṭhaṇemi, the twenty second Titthaṃkara.² He was son of king Bambha(1) and his queen Culaṇī(2) of Kaṃpillapura, the capital of Paṃcāla.³ His height was seven dhanuṣas.⁴ He had many wives of which the chief wives were: Hariesā, Godattā, Kaṇerudattā, Kaṇerupaigā, Kuṃjaraseṇā, Kaṇeruseṇā, Isivuddhi and Kurumai(1).⁵ Monk Citta(1) who was the brother of Bambhadatta in his previous birth, came to Kaṃpillapura, reminded them of their former births and advised him to give up sensual enjoyment and take to asceticism. Bambhadatta did not accept his advice. After enjoying seven hundred years life he left this world and took birth as an infernal being in the seventh hell.⁶ ### [v2.c8.39](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.39) ¹ AvaN. 375, Tir. 560, 1141, Sth. 236, 315, Sam. 158, UttN. and UttS. pp. 379-380, Vis. 1763, NisCu. II. p. 21, Mar. 376. ### [v2.c8.40](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.40) ² AvaN. 419, AvaCu. I. p. 215, Vis. 1771. ### [v2.c8.41](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.41) ³ UttCu. p. 214, Utt. 13.1, UttN. and UttS. p. 377, Jiv. 89, Sam. 158 AvaN. 398-400. ### [v2.c8.42](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.42) ⁴ Sth. 563, AvaN. 393. ### [v2.c8.43](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.43) ⁵ UttN. and UttS. p. 379. According to Sam. 158, Kurumai(1) was his principal queen. ### [v2.c8.44](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.44) ⁶ Utt. Ch. 13, NisCu. III. p. 5 8, AcaCu. pp. 19, 74, 121, 197, 381, AvaCu. I pp. 366, 446, II. pp. 79, 307, DasCu. pp. 105, 328, Jiv. 89, Sth. 112, 563, Vis. 1776. ### [v2.c8.45](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.45) 2. Bambhadatta An inhabitant of Ayojjhā¹ who was the first to offer alms to Ajiya, the second Titthaṃkara.² 3. Bambhadatta A resident of Rāyagiha¹ who was the first to give alms to Muṇisuvvaya(1), the twentieth Titthaṃkara.² He is also mentioned as Usabhasena(2).³ ### [v2.c8.46](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.46) ¹ AvaN. 323. ### [v2.c8.47](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.47) ² Sam. 157, AvaN. 327. ### [v2.c8.48](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.48) ¹ AvaN. 325. ### [v2.c8.49](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.49) ² Sam. 157. ### [v2.c8.50](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.50) ³ AvaN. 329. ### [v2.c8.51](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.51) 4. Bambhadatta A prince who relied only on his fate.¹ ### [v2.c8.52](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.52) ¹ DasCu. pp. 103-4. ### [v2.c8.53](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.53) Bambhadatta-hiṃḍi (Brahmadatta-hiṇḍi) A work describing the life of Cakkavaṭṭi Bambhadatta(1).¹ ### [v2.c8.54](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.54) ¹ UttCu. p. 214, VyaM. IV. p. 47, BrhKs. p. 1660. ### [v2.c8.55](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.55) Bambhadatti-hiṃḍi (Brahmadattī-hiṇḍi) Same as Bambhadatta-hiṃḍi.¹ ### [v2.c8.56](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.56) ¹ UttCu. p. 214. ### [v2.c8.57](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.57) Bambhadīva (Brahmadvīpa) A territory near Ayalapura and in between Kaṇhā(6) and Beṇṇā(2) in the Ābhīra(1) country.¹ ### [v2.c8.58](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.58) ¹ AvaCu. I. p. 543, KalpV. p. 263, PinNM. p. 144. ### [v2.c8.59](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.59) Bambhadiviyā (Brahmadvīpikā) A monastic branch founded by preceptor Samiya. He had converted the Tāvasas(4) of Bambhadīva and made them his disciples, therefore, the group come to be known as constituting the Bambhadīviyā branch.¹ ### [v2.c8.60](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.60) ¹ Kalp. pp. 262-263, AvaCu. I. p. 543, Nan. 32, NanM. p. 51, NisCu. III. p. 426. ### [v2.c8.61](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.61) Bambhaddīvā (Brahmadvīpā) Same as Bāmbhadiviyā.¹ ### [v2.c8.62](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.62) ¹ NisCu. III. p. 426. ### [v2.c8.63](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.63) Bambhaddiva (Brahmadvīpa) See Bambhadīva.¹ ### [v2.c8.64](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.64) ¹ NisCu. III. p. 425, AvaH. p. 413. ### [v2.c8.65](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.65) Bambhappabha (Brahmaprabha) A heavenly abode just like Bambha(6).¹ ### [v2.c8.66](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.66) ¹ Sam. 11. ### [v2.c8.67](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.67) Bambhayāri (Brahmacārin) See Bambhacāri.¹ ### [v2.c8.68](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.68) ¹ Sam. 8, Sth. 617. ### [v2.c8.69](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.69) Bambhalijja (Brahmaliya) One of the four kulas (off-shoots) of Koḍiyagaṇa(2).¹ ### [v2.c8.70](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.70) ¹ Kalp. p. 260. ### [v2.c8.71](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.71) Bambhalessa (Brahmaleśya) A heavenly abode just like Bambha(6).¹ ### [v2.c8.72](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.72) ¹ Sam. 11. ### [v2.c8.73](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.73) Bambhaloa or Bambhaloga (Brahmaloka) A celestial region with its lord as Bambha(5).¹ There are four lakhs of abodes in it.² These abodes are seven hundred yojanas in height.³ Its lord has sixty thousand sāmānika gods and two hundred forty thousand ātmarakṣaka gods.⁴ The minimum longevity of the gods born therein is seven⁵ Sāgaropama years whereas the maximum one is ten sāgaropama.⁶ This region is considered as the best of all the celestial regions.⁷ Logamtiya gods reside in the Acci, Riṭṭha(7) etc. abodes of this region.⁸ Bambhaloga is divided into six following layers : Araa(2), Viraa(2), Niraa, Nimmala, Vitimira and Visuddha.⁹ ### [v2.c8.74](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.74) ¹ Praj 53. ### [v2.c8.75](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.75) ² Jam. 118, Praj. 53, SamA. p. 78. ### [v2.c8.76](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.76) ³ Sam. 110. ### [v2.c8.77](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.77) ⁴ Jam. 118, Praj. 53. ### [v2.c8.78](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.78) ⁵ Anu. 139. ### [v2.c8.79](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.79) ⁶ Sam. 10, Sth. 757, Aup. 40, Bha. 550. ### [v2.c8.80](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.80) ⁷ Pras. 27, Sth. 205. ### [v2.c8.81](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.81) ⁸ Bha. 243, Sth. 623, AvaCu. I. p. 250. ### [v2.c8.82](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.82) ⁹ Sth. 516, SthA. p. 368. ### [v2.c8.83](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.83) Bambhalogavaḍiṃsaga (Brahmalokāvataṃsaka) A celestial abode in Bambhaloa where gods live maximum for ten sāgaropama years.¹ ### [v2.c8.84](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.84) ¹ Sam. 10. ### [v2.c8.85](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.85) Bambhavaḍiṃsaya (Brahmāvataṃsaka) Another name of Isipabbhārā.¹ ### [v2.c8.86](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.86) ¹ Sam. 12. ### [v2.c8.87](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.87) Bambhavappa (Brahmavarṇa) A celestial abode similar to Bambha(6).¹ ### [v2.c8.88](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.88) ¹ Sam. 11. ### [v2.c8.89](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.89) Bambhasimga (Brahmaśṛṅga) A celestial abode similar to Bambha(6).¹ ### [v2.c8.90](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.90) ¹ Sam. 11. ### [v2.c8.91](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.91) Bambhasiṭṭha (Brahmasṛṣṭa) A celestial abode similar to Bambha(6).¹ ### [v2.c8.92](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.92) ¹ Sam. 11. ### [v2.c8.93](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.93) Bambhasena (Brahmasena) One of the hundred sons of Usabha(1).¹ ### [v2.c8.94](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.94) ¹ KalpDh. p. 151, KalpV. p. 236. ### [v2.c8.95](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.95) Bambhāṇa (Brāhmaṇa) A heretical god. See Umā(3).¹ ### [v2.c8.96](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.96) ¹ NisCu. I. p. 104. ### [v2.c8.97](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.97) Bambhāvatta (Brahmāvarta) A celestial abode just-like Bambha(6).¹ ### [v2.c8.98](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.98) ¹ Sam. 11. ### [v2.c8.99](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.99) 1. Bambhī (Brāhmī) Daughter of Titthayara Usabha(1) born of his wife Sumaṃgalā(1).¹ Her height was five hundred dhanuṣas.² She was the first to be taught the art of writing by her father, and hence, the script was known as Bambhi(3).³ She was the first lady to take initiation from Usabha.⁴ That is why she was the head of the group of three lakh nuns.⁵ She along with Sumdari(1) was sent to Bāhubali by Usabha to show him the right path.⁶ She attained liberation after living a life of eighty-four lakh pūrva years.⁷ ### [v2.c8.100](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.100) ¹ Vis. 1612-3, AvaCu. I. p. 152, Kalp V. p. 231, Ava. p. 28. ### [v2.c8.101](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.101) ² Sth. 435. ### [v2.c8.102](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.102) ³ AvaBh. 13, Vis. 1633, AvaCu. I. p. 156, BhaA. p. 5. ### [v2.c8.103](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.103) ⁴ AvaN. 344, AvaCu. I. p. 182, Vis. 1724, KalpV. p. 241, KalpDh. p. 156. ### [v2.c8.104](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.104) ⁵ Kalp. 215, Jam. 31, AvaCu. I. p. 158. ### [v2.c8.105](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.105) ⁶ AvaCu. I. p. 211. ### [v2.c8.106](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.106) ⁷ Sam. 84, BrhBh. 3738, 6201, NsBh. 1716. ### [v2.c8.107](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.107) 2. Bambhī A script¹ having following eighteen types :-1. Bambhī, 2. Javaṇāṇiyā, 3. Dosāpuriyā, 4. Kharotṭī, 5. Pukkharasāriyā, 6. Bhogavaiyā(1), 7. Pahārāiyā, 8. Amteakkhariyā (Uccattariā), 9. Akkharapuṭṭhiyā, 10. Veṇaiyā, 11. Niphaiyā, 12. Aṃkalivi, 13. Gaṇiyalivi, 14. Gamdhavvalivi (Bhūyalivi), 15. Āyaṃsalivi, 16. Māhesari, 17. Dāmilī and 18. Polimdi.² The art of writing was first of all, taught by Usabha(1) to his daughter Bambhī(1) therefore, the script came to be known as Bambhī.³ It consists of forty-six māṭrkākṣaras⁴ or māṭrkāpadas.⁵ ### [v2.c8.108](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.108) ¹ Bha. 2. ### [v2.c8.109](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.109) ² Praj. 37, Sam. 18. ### [v2.c8.110](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.110) ³ AvaBh. 13, BhaA. p. 5. ### [v2.c8.111](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.111) ⁴ Sam. 46, SamA. p. 69. ### [v2.c8.112](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.112) ⁵ AvaCu. II. p. 247. ### [v2.c8.113](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.113) Bambhuttaravadiṃsaga (Brahmottarāvatamsaka) A heavenly abode similar to Bambha(6).¹ ### [v2.c8.114](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.114) ¹ Sam. 11. ### [v2.c8.115](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.115) Bakusa (Bakuśa) Same as Bausa.¹ ### [v2.c8.116](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.116) ¹ Jna. 18. ### [v2.c8.117](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.117) Baddhasuya (Baddhaśruta) Another name of Duvālasaṃga.¹ ### [v2.c8.118](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.118) ¹ AvaN. 1027. ### [v2.c8.119](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.119) Babbara (Barbara) An Aṇāriya country and its people.¹ Cakkavaṭṭi Bharaha(1) had conquered this country which was situated on the other side of river Siṃdhu(1).² It is identified with the sea-coast near the mouth of the Indus river.³ ### [v2.c8.120](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.120) ¹ Pras. 4, Praj. 37, SutSi. p. 123. Jna. 18, Jam. 43, NisCu. II. p. 470, Aup. 33, AcaSi. p. 377, Bha. 143. ### [v2.c8.121](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.121) ² AvaCu. I. p. 191, Jam. 52. ### [v2.c8.122](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.122) ³ IP. p. 62. ### [v2.c8.123](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.123) Bamhadevayā (Brahmadevatā) A deity presiding over the Abhii Nakkhatta(1) (constellation).¹ ### [v2.c8.124](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.124) ¹ Jam. 157, 171. ### [v2.c8.125](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.125) Bambhalaya (Brahmasthala) Same as Bambhathala.¹ ### [v2.c8.126](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.126) ¹ AvaM. p. 227. ### [v2.c8.127](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.127) Bamhā (Brahma) See Bamhadevayā.¹ ### [v2.c8.128](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.128) ¹ Jam. 157, 171. ### [v2.c8.129](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.129) \*\*Baradāma\*\* Same as Varadāma.¹ ### [v2.c8.130](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.130) \*\*1. Bala\*\* A merchant of Hatthinapura. He took to asceticism and was born as a god after death.¹ 1. Nir. 3.9. ### [v2.c8.131](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.131) \*\*2. Bala\*\* King of the city of Viyasogā. He had one thousand wives, Dhāriṇī(23) being the chief among them. He took to asceticism handing over the kingdom to his son Mahabbala(2).¹ 1. Jna. 64. ### [v2.c8.132](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.132) \*\*3. Bala\*\* King of Mahāpura, husband of Subhaddā(6) and father of Mahabbala(1).¹ 1. Vip. 34 ### [v2.c8.133](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.133) \*\*4. Bala\*\* King of Hatthināgapura, husband of Pabhāvatī(1) and father of Mahabbāla(1).¹ 1. Bha. 428-432. ### [v2.c8.134](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.134) \*\*5. Bala\*\* Father of Pabhāsa(1), the eleventh chief disciple of Mahāvīra.¹ 1. AvaN. 648. ### [v2.c8.135](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.135) \*\*6. Bala\*\* A Brāhmaṇa identified with Bahula(2). He was the first to offer alms to Mahāvīra.¹ See Bahula(2). 1. AvaCu. I. p. 270 ### [v2.c8.136](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.136) \*\*7. Bala\*\* Same as Hariesa-Bala.¹ 1. UttCu. p. 202. ### [v2.c8.137](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.137) \*\*8. Bala\*\* A Kṣatriya mendicant.¹ 1. Aup. 38. ### [v2.c8.138](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.138) \*\*9. Bala\*\* Ninth chapter of Pupphiyā.¹ 1. Nir. 3.1. ### [v2.c8.139](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.139) \*\*10. Bala\*\* One of the hundred sons of Usabha(1).¹ 1. KalpDh. p. 152, KalpV. p. 236. ### [v2.c8.140](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.140) \*\*11. Bala\*\* Presiding deity of Balakūḍa in Namdanavaṇa(1).¹ 1. Jam. 104. ### [v2.c8.141](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.141) \*\*12. Bala\*\* A Jakkha god who was a serpent in his previous birth.¹ 1. Mar. 522. ### [v2.c8.142](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.142) \*\*13. Bala\*\* A brief form of the name of Baladeva(2).¹ ### [v2.c8.143](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.143) Balakāḍa A peak in Namdaṇavaṇa(1) situated to the north-east of mount Mamdara(3).¹ Its height is ten hundred yojanas. At its base its extention measures the same.² Bala(11) is its presiding deity.³ ### [v2.c8.144](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.144) 2. Sam. 113. 3. Jam. 104. ### [v2.c8.145](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.145) 1. Balakoṭṭa Chief of a Hariesa community of the same name, father of Hariesabala and husband of Gori(3) and Gamdhārī(1).¹ ### [v2.c8.146](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.146) 1. UttN. and UttS. pp. 354-5, UttCu. p. 202. ### [v2.c8.147](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.147) 2. Balakoṭṭa A Hariesa community.¹ ### [v2.c8.148](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.148) 1. UttN. and UttS. pp. 354-5, UttCu. p. 202. ### [v2.c8.149](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.149) 1. Baladeva Ninth, i. e. the last Baladeva(2) of the current descending cycle in the Bharaha(2) region.¹ He was son of Vasudeva² and Rohiṇī(4)³ and elder brother of Vāsudeva(2) Kaṇha⁴(1) and belonged to the Goyama(2) lineage.⁵ He is also known as Balabhadda(6).⁶ He was king of Bāravai.⁷ He had Sumuha(1), Dummuha(2) and Kūvadārasa as his sons born of his wife Dhāriṇī(6)⁸ and Ṇisadha(1) etc. born of Revai(3)⁹. Jarakumāra was his other brother.¹⁰ Baladeva was one of the five great warriors (\*mahāvīras\*) under Kaṇha.¹¹ Sāgaracamda(1) was Baladeva’s grandson.¹² Baladeva was used to win over anger by calmness.¹³ When the city of Bāravai was endangered with conflagration, he and Kaṇha tried to save their mothers Rohiṇī and Devaī as well as their father Vasudeva from the fire but they could not be successful.¹⁴ On their way to Paṃḍu-Mahurā, Kaṇha was killed in the forest of Kosaṃba-vaṇa by Jarakumāra while Baladeva had left him back for fetching water.¹⁵ Baladeva being overwhelmed with the passing away of his brother accepted asceticism from Vidyādhara a disciple of Ariṭṭhaṇemi.¹⁶ He observed penances on Tuṃgikāgiri.¹⁷ After his death his soul ascended to the Padmottara celestial abode of the Baṃbhaloga region.¹⁸ As a god he wanted to give lift to the soul of Kaṇha which was suffering in a hell but he could not. On Kanha's advice he made himself popular in the world in the form of a deity holding a conch, a sword, a disc and a club in his hands, putting on yellow robe and having a banner of garuḍa unfurling over him.¹⁹ He will be reborn as Nikkasāya, fourteenth would-be Titthaṃkara in the Bharaha(2) region.²⁰ See also Rāma(1). ### [v2.c8.150](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.150) ¹ AvaBh. 41, Tir. 567, 578, Sam. 158. ### [v2.c8.151](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.151) ² AvaN. 411, Sam. 158, Sth. 672, Tir. 602, UttNe. p. 37, UttK. p. 62, Utt. 22.1. ### [v2.c8.152](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.152) ³ AvaN. 410, Tir. 604, Sam. 158, UttK. p. 62, Utt. 22.2. ### [v2.c8.153](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.153) ⁴ Ant. 9, UttNe. p. 37, Sam. 158, Mar. 497, JivM. p. 130, SutSi. p. 11. ### [v2.c8.154](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.154) ⁵ AvaN. 411. ### [v2.c8.155](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.155) ⁶ Mar. 497. ### [v2.c8.156](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.156) ⁷ His birth place was Mahurā(1)—AvaN. 408. ### [v2.c8.157](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.157) ⁸ Ant. 7. ### [v2.c8.158](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.158) ⁹ Nir. 5.1, AvaCu. I. p. 112. ### [v2.c8.159](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.159) ¹⁰ UttNe. p. 37. ### [v2.c8.160](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.160) ¹¹ Ant. 1, Nir. 5.1, Jna. 52, 117, AvaCu. I. p. 355. ### [v2.c8.161](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.161) ¹² AvaCu. I. p. 112, BrhM. p. 56. ### [v2.c8.162](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.162) ¹³ UttCu. p. 75, UttS. p. 118. ### [v2.c8.163](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.163) ¹⁴ UttNe. p. 39. ### [v2.c8.164](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.164) ¹⁵ Ant. 9, UttNe. p. 40. ### [v2.c8.165](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.165) ¹⁶ UttNe. p. 43. ### [v2.c8.166](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.166) ¹⁷ Ibid. p. 43. ### [v2.c8.167](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.167) ¹⁸ Ibid. p. 44, Sth. 672, AvaN. 414, Sam. 158, Tir. 616. ### [v2.c8.168](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.168) 19. UttNe. pp. 44-45. | 20. Sam. 159, Sth. 692. ### [v2.c8.169](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.169) 2. Baladeva It is a class-name. A Baldeva is a (elder) brother of a Vāsudeva(1).¹ He is also known as Bala(14).² He is lord of the half of the Bharaha(2) country.³ He wields a ploughshare (hala), a pestle (muśala) and a bow (Kanaka, i.e. arrow).⁴ He is white by complexion.⁵ He also bears 108 auspicious marks and has super-powers.⁶ Baladevas never take birth in low familes.⁷ Their mothers see any four of the fourteen great dreams.⁸ There appear four Baladevas at the minimum and thirty at the maximum in the Jambuddīva.⁹ In the Bharaha(2) as well as Eravaya(1) regions nine Baladevas are born in every cycle and that also in Dussama-susamā.¹⁰ They do not make any nidāna (resolve) in their previous births. They generally attain liberation.¹¹ They wear green clothes.¹² The nine Baladevas born in the Bharaha region in this Osappiṇī¹³ are: 1. Ayala(6), 2. Vijaya(11), 3. Bhadda(13), 4. Suppabha(1), 5. Sudamsaṇa(7), 6. Āṇaṃda(1) 7. Naṃdaṇa(1), 8. Pauma(6), and 9. Rāma(1). All of them belonged to the Goyama(2) gotra except Rāma who belonged to the Kāsava(1) gotra.¹⁴ The names of the nine would-be Baladevas of Bharaha(1) are: Jayaṃta(6), Vijaya(12), Bhadda(2), Suppabha(3), Sudamsaṇa(2), Pauma(5) and Saṃkarisaṇa.¹⁵ The Titthogālī mentions Kaṇha(8), Jayaṃta and Jiya as the first three would-be Baladevas.¹⁶ ### [v2.c8.170](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.170) ¹ Sam. 159, Bha. 203, Pras. 15, Dasa 6-1, JivM. p. 280. ### [v2.c8.171](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.171) ² AvaN. 402. ### [v2.c8.172](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.172) ³ Pras. 15. ### [v2.c8.173](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.173) ⁴ Pras 15, SamA. p. 157. ### [v2.c8.174](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.174) ⁵ AvaN. 402. ### [v2.c8.175](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.175) ⁶ Pras. 15, NisCu. III, p. 383, AvaN. 70, Vis. 783. ### [v2.c8.176](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.176) ⁷ Kalp. 17-18, Vis. 1876. ### [v2.c8.177](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.177) ⁸ Bha. 428. ### [v2.c8.178](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.178) ⁹ Sth. 89, Jam. 173. ### [v2.c8.179](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.179) ¹⁰ Sam. 158, 159, AvaCu. I. p. 215, Vis. 1764, Tir. 604, Jam. 36, 40. ### [v2.c8.180](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.180) ¹¹ AvaN. 414, 416, Vis. 1782-3. ### [v2.c8.181](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.mehta-chandra-1970.v2.c8.181) ¹² Pras. 15, PrasA. p. 77, Vis. 1764. _First 200 of 6,920 passages. 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