Indian Epigraphical Glossary c6.743

Language: English

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bappa (EI 29, 30; CII 3; etc.), a Prakrit word meaning ‘the father’, often used in Sanskrit inscriptions. Cf. *bappa-bhaṭṭāraka-pāda-parigṛhīta* (EI 31), epithet of certain rulers. *bappa-bhaṭṭāraka* (EI 4), ‘the father, the lord’. Cf. *bappa*. *bāra* (EI 13), Telugu; the distance between the ends of out-stretched arms. *bārāḍ*, derived from Sanskrit *varāṭa* or *varāṭaka*, ‘a cowrie-shell (used as money)’ (*JNSI*, Vol. XVI, p. 18). Cf. *varāṭikā*. *baraṭa* (CII 4), a plant grown for fencing. *bārhaspatya* (IA 11), name of a reckoning. *Barkandāz*, Persian; same as *Pāik* (q.v.). *bartanā* (IE 3-5), Rājasthānī; a blunt stick for writing on a wooden slate; same as *barthā*. *barthā* (IE 3-5), same as *bartanā*. *Basilēos Basilēon Mĕgalŏu* (IE 8-2), Greek; ‘of the great king of kings;’ used in the legend on the coins of the Scytho-Parthian kings; adapted from old Persian *Khshāthiya Khshāthiyānām*, ‘the king of kings’; translated into Prakrit as *Maharaja Rajarajasa* (or *Rajadirajasa*) *mahatasa* (Sanskrit *Mahārājasya Rājarājasya mahataḥ* or *Rājātirājasya mahataḥ*). *Basilēos Mĕgalŏu* (IE 8-2), Greek; ‘of the great king’, found in the legend on the coins of Indo-Greek kings at first translated in Prakrit as *Rajasa mahatakasa* (Sanskrit *Rājñaḥ mahataḥ*) and later as *Maharajasa* (Sanskrit *Mahārājasya*); adapted from old Persian *Khshāthiya vazrka*. *ba-ti* (IE 8-1), abbreviation of *bahula-pakṣa-tithi*. See *ba-di*.

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*bāva* (CII 3, etc.), a Prakrit word denoting ‘a relative of the same generation with the father’; generally, ‘an uncle’; used in Sanskrit inscriptions. *Bāyi* (Hyderabad Archaeological Series, No. 18, p. 35), suffix to the name of respectable women; same as *Bāi*; wrongly regarded as derived from the Kannaḍa words *abbĕ* (Sanskrit *ambā*) and *āyi* (Sanskrit *āryā*). *Beharā-mahāpātra* (EI 28), Oḍiyā; official designation; probably, Sanskrit *Vyavahārika-mahāpātra*. See *Vyavahārika*, etc. *Bengali*, Anglicised spelling of *Vaṅgālī*; the name of the people, language and alphabet of Bengal. *Beṇṭakāra* (CITD), same as *Beṭakāra*, *beṭa* (Telugu-Kannaḍa) meaning ‘the separation of lovers’. As an epithet of a ruler, *Beṇṭakāra* means ‘one who causes the separation of his enemies' wives from their husbands'; cf. *ripu-nārī-vaidhavya-vidhāyak-ācārya*, 'one who renders the wives of his enemies widows'. *bha* (IE 7-1-2), 'twentyseven'. *Bha°* (PJS), abbreviation of *Bhagavān* (especially in medieval Jain inscriptions). *bhā°* (PJS), abbreviation of *bhāryā* (especially in medieval Jain inscriptions). *bhāḍaka* (LP), same as Sanskrit *bhāṭaka*. *Bhadanta* (IA 11; LL), a title of monks (Buddhist, Jain and Ājīvika); cf. *Bhadatasa aya-Isipālitasa*, 'of the Reverend Lord Ṛṣipālita'; also cf. *Bhadantī*. *Bhadantī* (LL), used as the title of a Buddhist nun; cf. *Bhadanta*. *bhadra* (SII 2), probably, an auspicious mark. *bhadrā* (IA 26), same as *ba-di* 7.

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*Bhādra* (IE 8-1), same as *Bhādrapada*. *bhadra-bhoga*, cf. 'according to *bhadra-bhoga*' (Ghoshal, *H.Rev. Syst.*, p. 215); principle of proper enjoyment. *bhadra-ghaṭa*, cf. Tamil *pattira-kaḍam* (SITI), a pot filled with water and sanctified by rites. *bhadra-mukha* (EI 16), an honorific used with personal names. *bhadra-nigama* (LL), a righteous hamlet. *bhadr-āsana* (EI 25), a throne. *bhāga* (IE 8-5; CII 3, 4; HRS), the king's share of the produce, distinguished from *bali* in the Rummindei inscription and the Junagadh inscription of Rudradāman and from *kara* in many other records; later, tax in general, identical with *bali* and *kara* (according to lexicons); cf. references in the *Arthaśāstra* to (1) *lavaṇa-bhāga* (king's share of salt sold by private merchants), (2) *udaka-bhāga* (king's grain share levied as water-tax upon irrigated fields), (3) king's share of the produce of mines leased out to private persons; (4) share paid to the king by merchants for selling the royal merchandise. (IE 8-5), dues (see *kara*); generally, the king's share of grains, which was originally one-sixth. (IE 8-4), a subdivision of a district or a territory. (EI 23, 33), an allotment; a share. *bhāga-bhoga* (CII 3; etc.), a fiscal expression in which *bhāga* means the king's share of the produce and *bhoga* the periodical supplies made by tenants to the king; cf. *bhāga-bhog-ādika*, *bhāga-bhoga-kara-hiraṇy-ādika* (EI 23), meaning ‘royal dues’; see *bhāga*, etc.