[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [Indian Epigraphical Glossary](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966) › c7 # Indian Epigraphical Glossary c7: Appendix I: Privileges Attached to Free Holdings Indian Epigraphical Glossary c7 - **Language:** English ### Appendix I: Privileges Attached to Free Holdings ### [c7.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.2) \*a-bhaṭa-cchātra-prāveśya\* (EI 26, 27; CII 3), same as \*a-cāṭa-bhaṭa-prāveśya\*, \*Chātra\* (literally, ‘the umbrella-bearer’) being used for \*Cāṭa\* probably meaning ‘the leader of a group of \*Bhaṭas\* (i. e. \*Pāiks\* or \*Piādas\* )’; same as \*a-prāveśya\*, etc. ### [c7.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.3) \*a-bhaṭa-prāveśya\*, same as \*a-prāveśya\*, etc. Cf. Prakrit \*a-bhaṭa-papesa\* (\*Select Inscriptions\*, p. 435). ### [c7.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.4) \*a-bhṛta-praveśya\* (EI 24), same as \*a-bhaṭa-prāveśya\*; cf. \*a-prāveśya\*, etc. ### [c7.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.5) \*abhyantara-siddhi\* (EI 22), same as \*abhyantara-siddhyā\*, \*abhyantara-siddhika\*; refers to internal revenue income or taxes to be paid to local authorities; cf. \*sa-bāhy-ābhyantar-ādāya\*. ### [c7.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.6) \*abhyantara-siddhika\*, (EI 20) same as \*abhyantara-siddhi\*. ### [c7.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.7) \*abhyantara-siddhi-sahita\* (EI 27), same as \*abhyantara-siddhi\*, etc. ### [c7.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.8) \*abhyantara-siddhyā\*, ‘together with the internal income or taxes to be paid to the local authorities’; cf. \*abhyantara-siddhika\* and \*sa-bāhy-ābhyantar-ādāya\*. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 398. ### [c7.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.9) \*ā-candr-āditya-kālīya\* (IE), ‘to be enjoyed as long as the moon and sun endure’ (i.e. permanently); epithet of the gift land. ### [c7.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.10) \*ā-candr-ārka-kṣiti-sama-kālam\*, ‘as long as the moon, the sun and the earth exist’ (i.e. permanently). ### [c7.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.11) \*ā-candr-ārka\* (IE; SITI), ‘in perpetuity.’ ### [c7.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.12) \*ā-candr-ārk-ārṇava-kṣiti-sthiti-sama-kālīna\* (EI), ‘to last as long as the moon, the sun, the seas and the earth endure’ (i.e. permanently); cf. \*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXXII, p. 134. ### [c7.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.13) \*ā-candr-ārk-ārṇava-kṣiti-sarit-parvata-sama-kālīna\*, ‘to be enjoyed as long as the moon, the sun, the seas, the earth, the rivers and hills exist (i.e. permanently)’; cf. \*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXXIII, p. 134. ### [c7.14](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.14) \*ā-candra-tārakam\*, ‘as long as the moon and stars endure’ (\*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXXV, p. 149, text line 12), i.e. permanently. ### [c7.15](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.15) \*a-cār-āsana-carm-āngāra\* (IE; EI 27), refers to the freedom of the gift village from the obligation to supply conveyance, accommodation, hide (i.e. hide-seats) and charcoal free of charges to the touring officers on their visit. The word \*cāra\* meaning ‘passage or conveyance’ is sometimes substituted by \*pāra\* meaning ‘ferrying’. ### [c7.16](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.16) \*a-cāra-siddhika\* (EI 26), explained by some as ‘without grazing right for the royal cattle’. Cf. \*a-vāra-siddhika\*. ### [c7.17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.17) \*a-carm-āṅgāraka\*, refers to the freedom of the gift village from the obligation to supply hide-seats and charcoal to the king or landlord on occasions or to the touring royal officers on their visit. Cf. Prakrit \*a-camm-aṅgālaka\* (\*Select Inscriptions\*, p. 409). ### [c7.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.18) \*a-cāṭa-bhaṭa-gocara\* (EI 22), same as \*a-cāṭa-bhaṭa-praveśa\*, etc. ### [c7.19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.19) \*a-cāṭa-bhaṭa-praveśa\* (EI 27, 29; CII 3), refers to the freedom of the gift village from the entry of the \*Cāṭas\* (leaders of groups of \*Pāiks\* and \*Piādas\*) and the \*Bhaṭas\* (\*Pāiks\* and \*Piādas\*); cf. \*a-bhaṭa-praveśa\*, \*a-bhaṭa-chātra-prāveśya\*, \*a-bhṛta-praveśa\*, etc. ### [c7.20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.20) \*a-cāṭa-bhaṭa-prāveśya\* (CII 3, 4), same as \*a-cāṭa-bhaṭa-praveśa\*; refers to the freedom of the gift land from being entered by the \*Bhaṭas\* (the king’s \*Pāiks\* and \*Piādas\*) and the \*Cāṭa\* (the leader of a group of \*Pāiks\* and \*Piādas\*); cf. \*Chātra\* in place of \*Cāṭa\* in \*a-bhaṭa-cchātra-prāveśya\*; also \*Bhṛta\* for \*Bhaṭa\* in \*a-bhṛta-praveśya\*. ### [c7.21](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.21) \*a-caṭṭa-bhaṭṭa-praveśa\* (EI 27), same as \*a-cāṭa-bhaṭa-praveśa\*. ### [c7.22](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.22) \*a-cullaka-kūra-khaṭvā-grahaṇa\*, similar to \*a-kūra-cullaka-vināśi-khaṭv-āvāsa\*, etc. See \*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXXI, p. 5. ### [c7.23](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.23) \*a-dugdha-dadhi-grahaṇa\*, refers to the freedom of the gift village from the obligation of supplying milk and curds to the king or landlord on occasions or to the touring officials on their visit. Cf. Prakrit \*a-dudha-dadhi-gahaṇa\* (\*Select Inscriptions\*, p. 439). ### [c7.24](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.24) \*a-haritaka-śāka-puṣpa-grahaṇa\*, refers to the freedom of the gift land from the supply of myrobalan, vegetables and flowers to the king or landlord on occasions or to the touring officers on their visit. Cf. Prakrit \*a-haritaka-sāka-pupha-gahaṇa\* (\*Select Inscriptions\*, p. 439). ### [c7.25](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.25) \*a-harita-parṇa-śāka-puṣpa-phala-dugdha-dadhi-ghṛta-takra-grahaṇa\*, similar to \*a-haritaka-śāka-puṣpa-grahaṇa\* and \*a-dugdha-dadhi-grahaṇa\*, etc. See \*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXXI, p. 5. ### [c7.26](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.26) \*a-hasta-prakṣepaṇīya\* (EI 11, 23), same as \*a-bhaṭa-praveśa\*, etc. Cf. \*samasta-rājakīyānām=a-hasta-prakṣepaṇīya\*. ### [c7.27](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.27) \*a-hiranya-dhānya-praṇaya-pradeya\* (EI 26), refers to the freedom of the gift land from the payment of revenue in cash, the king’s grain share and the benevolence or emergency imposts. Cf. Prakrit \*a-hiraṇṇa-dhaṇṇa-ppaṇaya-ppadeya\* (\*Select Inscriptions\*, pp. 408-09). ### [c7.28](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.28) \*a-karaḍa\* (EI 26), refers to the freedom of the donee of the gift land from paying taxes in general. ### [c7.29](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.29) \*a-karaḍāyin\* (EI 26, 27), same as \*a-karaḍa\*. ### [c7.30](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.30) \*a-kara-vāt-ottara\* (IE; EI 32), sometimes with \*āvāta\*, \*vāt-ādeya\*, \*bhūt-opātta-pratyāya\*, etc., in place of \*vāt-ottara\*; cf. \*sa-bhūta-vāta-(or pāta)-pratyāya\*, etc.; ‘free from the collections resulting from storms (e.g. uprooted trees, fruits, etc.).’ ### [c7.31](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.31) \*a-kara-viṣṭi-koñjalla\* (IE), refers to the freedom of the donee of the gift land from the payment of taxes and the obligation to supply free labour and \*koñjalla\* (\*kāñji\*) to the king’s labourers. Cf. \*Select Inscriptions\*, p. 439. ### [c7.32](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.32) \*a-khaṭvā-cullaka-vaināśika\*, cf. Prakrit \*a-khaṭṭa-collaka-veṇesika\* (EI 26), refers to the freedom of the gift village from the obligation to supply cots, food and attendant or fuel to the touring royal officers on their visit or to the king or landlord on occasions. Cf. \*a-kūra-cullaka-vināśi-khaṭv-āvāsa\*, etc. ### [c7.33](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.33) \*a-kiñcit-kara\*, ‘not to pay even a small amount as rent or tax’; epithet of gift land; same as \*a-kiñcit-pragrāhya\*. It has to be noted that sometimes a small amount of tax was fixed for the gift lands. Cf. \*kara-śāsana\*. ### [c7.34](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.34) \*a-kiñcit-kara-grāhya\* (EI 27), same as \*a-kiñcit-kara\*, etc. ### [c7.35](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.35) \*a-kiñcit-pragrāhya\* (EI 29), refers to the freedom of the gift land from the payment of taxes and the obligation of supplying articles to the king or landlord on occasions and to the touring officers on their visit; same as \*a-kiñcit-kara\*, etc. ### [c7.36](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.36) \*a-kiñcit-pratikara\* (EI 23), ‘\[land\] free from any yield of revenue’; cf. \*utpratikara\*. But \*pratikara\* also means ‘compensation’. ### [c7.37](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.37) \*a-kūra-cullaka-vaināśi-khaṭv-āvāsa\* (or \*°saṁvāsa\*), cf. \*a-kūra-yollaka-venesi-khaṭṭ-āvāsa\* (EI 26); refers to the freedom of the gift village from the obligation of supplying boiled or unboiled rice, pots or fire-places for cooking, attendant or fuel, cot and shelter to the king or landlord on occasions or to the touring officers on their visit; same as \*a-kūra-cullaka-vināśi-khaṭvā-saṁvāsa\*, etc. See \*sāmanta-āmātya-dūtānām=anyeṣām c=ābhyupāgame śayanīy-āsana-siddh-ānnaṁ na dāpayet\* (Ep. Ind., Vol. XXX, p. 171). ### [c7.38](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.38) \*a-lavaṇa-guḍa-kṣobha\* (EI 26), same as \*a-lavaṇa-khātaka\*, \*guḍa\* or sugar being added to \*lavaṇa\* or salt; cf. \*a-lavaṇa-klinna-khātaka\*. ### [c7.39](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.39) \*a-lavaṇa-khātaka\*, cf. Prakrit \*a-loṇa-khādaka\* (EI 7), refers to the freedom of the gift land from being dug out or its trees being pierced for salt. ### [c7.40](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.40) \*a-lavaṇa-klinna-khanaka\* (EI 26), same as \*a-lavaṇa-klinna-kreṇi-khanaka\*. ### [c7.41](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.41) \*a-lavaṇa-klinna-khātaka\*, same as \*a-lavaṇa-khātaka\*, \*klinna\*, sometimes wrongly spelt \*klinva\*, probably, ‘toddy, sugar, etc.’ being added to \*lavaṇa\* or salt. Cf. \*a-lavaṇa-guḍa-kṣobha\*, \*a-lavaṇa-klinna-kreṇi-khanaka\*, etc. Cf. \*Select Inscriptions\*, p. 408. ### [c7.42](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.42) \*a-lavaṇa-klinva (nna)-kreṇi-khanaka\* (EI 26, 27), same as \*a-lavaṇa-klinna-khātaka\*. ### [c7.43](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.43) \*a-lavaṇa-kreṇi-khanaka\* (EI 23), same as \*a-lavaṇa-klinna-khātaka\*. ### [c7.44](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.44) \*a-lekhanī-praveśatayā\* (EI 29), probably refers to the absence of the right to re-grant the gift land to any other party on the part of the king and to alienate the gift land on the part of the donee; \*lekhanī-praveśa\* may mean that the gift land should not be made the subject of another document. ### [c7.45](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.45) \*anacchedya\* (\*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XII, p. 267, note), ‘unresumable’; but since \*anāhāra\*, ‘unresumable’, is sometimes used in the same context, probably, ‘uncurtailable’; epithet of gift land. ### [c7.46](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.46) \*anādeśya\* (EI 12), same as \*anirdeśya\*. ### [c7.47](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.47) \*anāhāra\*, ‘unresumable’ (\*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 395), cf. \*anacchedya\*. ### [c7.48](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.48) \*anaṅguli-prakṣepaṇīya\* (EI 23), also called \*anaṅguli-prekṣaṇīya\* same as \*a-bhaṭa-praveśa\*, etc. ### [c7.49](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.49) \*anaṅguli-prekṣaṇīya\* (EI 23), same as \*anaṅguli-prakṣepaṇīya\*, \*a-bhaṭa-praveśa\*, etc. ### [c7.50](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.50) \*anāsedhya\* (\*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. II, p. 267, note 4), refers to the freedom of the people associated with the gift land from legal restraints. ### [c7.51](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.51) \*anavamarśya\*, refers to the freedom of the gift land from troubles associated with the visit of royal agents. Cf. Prakrit \*anomasa\* (\*Select Inscriptions\*, pp. 192, 194). ### [c7.52](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.52) \*a-pārampara\*, same as \*a-paramparā-balivarda\* or \*a-paramparā-balivarda-grahaṇa\*, a privilege of the donee of rent-free land (\*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XV, p. 42). ### [c7.53](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.53) \*a-paramparā-balivarda\* (SITI), refers to the freedom of the gift village from the supply of bullocks primarily for the conveyance of royal officers on tour. ### [c7.54](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.54) \*a-paramparā-balivarda-grahaṇa\* (EI 26), same as \*a-pārampara\*, etc. ### [c7.55](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.55) \*a-paramparā-go-balīvarda\* (EI 22, 26, 27), same as \*a-pārampara\*, etc., in which \*go\* (cow) has been added to \*balīvarda\* (bullock). ### [c7.56](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.56) \*a-paripanthya\*, ‘without opposition’; cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 394. ### [c7.57](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.57) \*a-paśu-medhya\* (\*Select Inscriptions\*, p. 414), refers to the freedom from the supply of animals for sacrifice. ### [c7.58](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.58) \*a-prāveśya\*, refers to the freedom of the gift land from the entry of royal agents; same as \*a-bhaṭa-praveśa\*, etc. Cf. Prakrit \*a-pāvesa\* (\*Select Inscriptions\*, pp. 192, 194). ### [c7.59](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.59) \*a-puṣpa-kṣīra-grahaṇa\* (EI 26), same as \*a-puṣpa-kṣīra-sandoha\*, etc. ### [c7.60](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.60) \*a-puṣpa-kṣīra-grahaṇīya\*, refers to the freedom of the gift land from the supply of flowers and milk to the king or landlord on occasions or to the touring officers on their visit; same as \*a-puṣpa-kṣīra-sandoha\*, etc. Cf. Prakrit \*a-puppha-kkhīra-gahaṇi\* (\*Select Inscriptions\*, p. 409). ### [c7.61](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.61) \*a-puṣpa-kṣīra-sandoha\* (EI 26, 27), same as \*a-puṣpa-kṣīra-grahaṇīya\*, etc. ### [c7.62](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.62) \*aputra-dhanam nāsti\*, ‘there is no confiscation, by the king, of the property of persons dying without a son’; cf. \*aputrā-sahita\*, etc. Cf. \*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXV, p. 237 ### [c7.63](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.63) \*aputrā-sahita\* (IE), ‘together with the right to confiscate the property of persons dying without leaving any son’; epithet of gift village. Cf. \*aputra-dhanam nāsti\*. ### [c7.64](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.64) \*a-rāṣṭra-sāmvinayika\* (EI 26), refers to the freedom of the gift land from the administrative control to which the district in which it was situated was subject. Cf. Prakrit \*a-raṭha-samvinayika\* (\*Select Inscriptions\*, pp. 92, 94). See \*bhoga-sambandha-nirvacaṇīya, grāma-nilaya-nāḍa-sarva-bādhā-parihāreṇa\*, etc. ### [c7.65](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.65) \*asan-nara-pravṛtti-vinivṛtt-ācāra\* (\*Ind. Ant.\*, Vol. XI p. 113, text lines 36-37), translated as ‘the established customs \[of the gift land\] are withheld from \[injury by\] the enterprise of wicked men.’ ### [c7.66](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.66) \*aṣṭa-bhāgika\*, ‘paying one-eighth of the produce \[in place of the usual one-sixth\]’. Cf. Prakrit \*aṭha-bhāgīya\* (\*Select Inscriptions\*, p. 70). ### [c7.67](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.67) \*aṣṭabhoga-tejaḥsvāmya-daṇḍaśulka-yukta\* (\*Ind. Ant.\*, Vol XIX, p. 247, text line 102), mentioned along with \*nidhi-nikṣepa pāṣāṇ-ārām-ādi-catuṣprakāra-bīravaṇa-pārikh-āya-sahita\*. See \*aṣṭabhoga, tejaḥ-svāmya\*, etc. ### [c7.68](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.68) \*aṣṭādaśa-jāti-parihāra\*, the eighteen (i.e. all or various) kinds of exemptions \[usually enjoyed by rent-free holdings\]. Cf. Prakrit aṭṭhārasa-jāti-parihāra (Select Inscriptions., pp. 439-40). ### [c7.69](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.69) a-tṛiṇa-kāṣṭha-grahaṇa (EI 26), refers to the freedom of the donee of the gift village from the supply of grass and fuel to the king or landlord on occasions or to the touring officers on their visit. ### [c7.70](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.70) a-vaha (EI 26), refers to the freedom of the gift village from the obligation of carrying loads of the touring officers, etc., or of supplying a horse to them free of charges. ### [c7.71](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.71) a-vāra-siddhika (IE), refers to the freedom of the gift village from the obligation to supply unpaid labour in turn. Cf. a-cāra-siddhika. ### [c7.72](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.72) bhāga-bhoga-paśu-hiraṇya-kara-śulka (EI 20), ‘together with \[the right to\] the share of the produce, periodical offerings, cattle or animals \[for sacrificial purposes\], tax in cash, tax in kind and tolls’. ### [c7.73](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.73) bhāviṣyat-kara-rahita (EI 24), ‘without all the taxes to be levied in future.’ ### [c7.74](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.74) bhogasambandha-nirvacanīya (EI 12), ‘the relations \[of the gift land\] with the administrative unit (i.e. bhoga, to which it belonged) should not be reckoned \[since the land is granted after separating it from the district\] (bhogād=uddhr̥tya)’. Cf. a-rāṣṭra-sāmvinayika, grāma-nilaya-nāḍa-sarva-bādhā-parihāreṇa. ### [c7.75](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.75) bhūmi-cchidra-nāyena or °cchidra-pidhāna-vyāyena, ‘in accordance with the principle of cultivating the land for the first time and enjoying it free of taxes as a result’. The word chidra in the first means ‘cultivation’ and chidra-pidhāna in the second ‘reclamation of uncultivable land for the first time.’ Sometimes vidhāna is wrongly used for pidhāna. See Ind. Ep., pp. 397-98. ### [c7.76](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.76) bhūta-bhaviṣyad-vartamāna-niḥśeṣ-ādātya-sahita, ‘together with the arrears of taxes and with the present and future taxes in their entirety’; epithet of gift village. Cf. Ind. Ep., p. 395. ### [c7.77](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.77) candr-ārka-kālikam śulkam=ādeyam samasta-rājye n=āsti, ‘there is no collection of tolls in the whole kingdom as long as the moon and the sun exist’. Cf. Ep. Ind., Vol. XXV, p. 237. ### [c7.78](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.78) candr-ārka-sthiti-kālam yāvat, ‘as long as the moon and sun endure (Ep. Ind., Vol. XXXV, p. 135, text lines 21-22); sometimes candr-ārka-kṣiti°, candr-ārk-ārṇāva-kṣiti-sarit-parvata°, etc. ### [c7.79](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.79) catuḥ-sīm-āvacchinna, same as sva-sīm-āvacchinna, catur-aghāṭa-viśuddha, etc. Cf. Majumdar, Ins. Beng., Vol. III, p. 125. ### [c7.80](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.80) \*catuḥ-sīmā yāvat\*, same as \*catuḥ-sīmā-paryanta\*, etc. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 402. ### [c7.81](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.81) \*catur-āghāṭa-viśuddha\*, ‘with the boundaries well demarcated’; same as \*catuḥ-sīm-āvacchina\*, etc. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 396. ### [c7.82](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.82) \*catur-āghāṭ-āntarvarti-jala-pāṣāṇa-nidhi-nikṣepa-śulka-ādi-sarva-tejaḥsvāmya-sahita\* (\*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXXIV, p. 40, text 37-38). See \*tejaḥ-svāmya\*, etc. ### [c7.83](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.83) \*catuṣ-kaṇṭaka-viśuddha\* (EI 23), cf. \*catur-āghāṭa-viśuddha\*; probably refers to the custom of demarcating a plot of land by planting thorny shrubs on the borders. ### [c7.84](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.84) \*caura-varjam\*, also quoted as \*cora-varjam\*, \*cora-daṇḍa-varjam\*, \*cora-rājāpathyakāri-varjam\*, etc.; according to some ‘with immunity from the police tax’, while others take it to be related to \*a-cāṭa-bhaṭa-praveśa\* and think that the policemen were prohibited from entering a gift village except in connection with the apprehension of criminals; may also mean ‘without any right to inflict punishment of thieves, etc., or to levy fines from thieves, etc.’ See CII, Vol. III, p. 109. ### [c7.85](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.85) \*cora-daṇḍa-varja\* (EI 27), same as \*caura-varja\*, etc. ### [c7.86](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.86) \*cora-varja\* (IE), ‘without the right to punish the thieves and to realise stolen articles’; cf. \*sa-caur-oddharaṇa\*. But see also \*cauravarjam\*. ### [c7.87](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.87) \*deśa-maryād-āruvaṇ-ānvita\* (\*Ind. Ant.\* Vol. XIX, p. 247, text line 103), refers to the right to levy the tax called \*āruvaṇa\* (Sanskrit \*ṣaṭ-paṇa\*) according to the local custom. ### [c7.88](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.88) \*deva-Brāhmaṇa-bhukti-varja\* (EI 23, 30), ‘excluding the property of the gods (i.e. temples) and Brāhmaṇas’. ### [c7.89](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.89) \*devakula-puṣkariny-ādhikaṃ kārayitvā\*, refers to the right of the donee to build temples and excavate tanks in the gift land without the permission of the king or landlord as was necessary in the case of ordinary tenants. Cf. Majumdar, \*Ins. Beng.\*, Vol. III, p. 125. ### [c7.90](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.90) \*go-gauḍa-sameta\*, ‘together with the cattle and herdsmen \[of state farms\] or with the grazing tax’; epithet of gift village. \*Go-gauḍa\* may be the same as \*go-kara\*. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 402. ### [c7.91](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.91) \*grāma-nilaya-nāḍa-sarva-bādhā-parihāreṇa\* (EI 9), ‘with the exemption of all troubles connected with \[the administration of\] the village, subdivision (literally, habitation) and district \[in which the gift land is situated\]’. Cf. \*a-rāṣṭra-sāmvinayika\*, etc. ### [c7.92](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.92) \*gṛh-āvataraṇa - harita-pakva-sasy-ekṣu-cāraṇa-lavana-opamardana-rocikā-ciṭolā-grahana-pīṭhaka-pīṭhikā-khaṭv-āpaharaṇa - kāṣṭh-endhana-\* \*ghāsa-bus-ādikaṃ\* na \*kenacit\* = \[\*kartavyam\*\] \*pragrāhyaṃ\* \[\*ca\*\], ‘no one should enter into the donee’s house, should graze one’s cattle on the green crops in his fields, should harvest the ripe crops in his fields, should crush his sugar-cane, should accept \*rocikā\* and \*ciṭolā\* from him, should take stools, seats and cots from him and should take wood, fuel, grass, chaff, etc., from him’. For \*gṛh-āvataraṇa\*, see \*umbara-bheda\*. Words like \*rocikā\*, \*ciṭolā\*, etc., are not intelligible, although they certainly refer to certain obligations or levies. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 394. ### [c7.93](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.93) \*guvāka-nārikel-ādikaṃ laggāvayitvā\*, refers to the right of planting arecanut and coconut palms in the gift land without the permission of the king or landlord as was necessary in the case of ordinary tenants; cf. \*sa-guvāka-nārikela\*. Cf. Majumdar, \*Ins. Beng.\*, Vol. III, p. 125. ### [c7.94](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.94) \*hastidaṇḍa-varabalivarda-coṭāla-andhā\* (\*rthā\* ?) \*ruvā-pratyandhā\* (\*rthā\* ?) \*ruvā-adattā-padātijīva-ahidaṇḍa-ānta\* (\*tu\* ?) \*rāvaḍḍi-bandha-daṇḍa-vijayavandāpanā-mārgaṇika-prabhṛti-bhaviṣyat-kara-sahita\*, refers to the donee’s right to enjoy various taxes the nature of some of which is doubtful. These include the tax for keeping elephants and prize bullocks, tax for the maintenance of the king’s \*Padātis\* (footmen or \*Pāiks\*), tax on the professional snake-charmers, ransom in lieu of imprisonment, presents to be made to the king on his return from a victorious campaign and tax to be paid for using the road in the gift village for the transit of articles of merchandise. See the expressions separately as noticed above. See also \*suvarṇa-daṇḍa-ahidaṇḍa\*.........below. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 401. ### [c7.95](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.95) \*jana-dhana-sahita\* (\*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXXV, p. 135), ‘together with the tenants and revenue income \[of the village\]’; some as \*sa-jana-dhana\*. ### [c7.96](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.96) \*kuśa-latā-pūta-hast-odakena\*, cf. \*udaka-pūrvam\*, etc. See \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 395 ### [c7.97](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.97) \*mahādoṣa-vivarjita\* (EI 23), ‘excluding fines for great crimes’; cf. \*doṣa\* and \*daṇḍa-doṣa\* (fines) noticed above. ### [c7.98](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.98) \*mukt-oparikara\* (EI 29), free from minor taxes or without freedom from them. Cf. \*s-oparikara\*. ### [c7.99](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.99) \*nānā-vṛkṣa-sameta\*, ‘together with the various trees’; epithet of gift village. Some of the trees not to be enjoyed by unprivileged tenants were mango, \*madhūka\*, jack, coconut, arecanut, palmyra palm, \*sīsu\*, tamarind tree, etc. But the group was different in different parts of the country. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 402. ### [c7.100](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.100) nava-nidhāna-sahita (IA 11), probably, ‘with the taxes fixed afresh’, though nidhāna is often the same as nikṣepa (q.v.). ### [c7.101](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.101) nidhi-nikṣepa-pāṣāṇ-ārām-ādi-catuṣprakāra-bīravaṇa-pārikh-āya-sahita (Ind. Int., Vol. XIX, p. 247), mentioned along with aṣṭabhoga-tejassvāmy-daṇḍaśulka-yukta. See the expressions as saparately noticed above. ### [c7.102](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.102) nidhi-nikṣep-āputrakadhana-daṇḍ-opajātaka-sahita, ‘together with the right to enjoy treasure-trove and the occasional finds and accumulations on the land and to confiscate the property of persons dying without leaving any son, and to enjoy the right to appropriate the income derived from fines’; epithet of gift village. Cf. Ind. Ep., 406. ### [c7.103](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.103) nidhi-nikṣepa-sahita, see sa-vṛkṣamālā-nidhi-nikṣepa-sahita. ### [c7.104](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.104) nidhy-upanidhi-hastidanta-vyāghracarma-nānāvanacara-sameta, refers to the right of the donee to treasure-troves, occasional finds or accumulations on the ground, elephants’ tusks, tiger’s skin and certain prized animals without surrendering them to the king as ordinary tenants had to do; epithet of the gift village. Cf. Ind. Ep., p. 402. ### [c7.105](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.105) niṣiddha-cāṭa-bhaṭa-praveśa (EI 22), same as a-praveśa, etc. ### [c7.106](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.106) parihṛta-paṅg-otkoṭa (EI 33), ‘exempted from the levies called paṅga and utkoṭa’. See the words as saparately noticed. ### [c7.107](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.107) parihṛta-sarva-pīḍa (EI 27, 29), ‘free from all troubles’; same as sarva-pīḍā-varjita, sarva-bādhā-vivarjita, etc. ### [c7.108](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.108) phalaratika (Ep. Ind., Vol. XXXV, p. 135), refers probably to the right to enjoy all kinds of fruits in the gift land without special permission that was necessary for ordinary tenants. ### [c7.109](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.109) prasiddha-catuḥ-sīm-āvacchinna, ‘demarcated by the well-known boundaries on all the sides’; epithet of the gift land. Cf. catur-āghāṭa-viśuddha, etc. Cf. Ind. Ep., p. 402. ### [c7.110](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.110) pratiṣiddha-cāṭa-bhaṭa-praveśa (EI 23, 27), same as a-praveśa, etc. ### [c7.111](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.111) pratiṣiddha-cāṭ-ādi-praveśa (I.E., p.395), same as a-praveśa, etc. ### [c7.112](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.112) pūrva-bhujyamāna-deva-brāhmaṇa-kṣetra-khaṇḍalakaṁ varjayitvā (or vihāya), see Ep. Ind., Vol. XXXV, p. 135; same as deva-brāhmaṇa-bhukti-varja, etc. Cf. Ind. Ep., p. 398. ### [c7.113](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.113) pūrva-bhuktaka-bhujyamāna-deva-brahma-dāya-varjita (EI 23), same as deva-brāhmaṇa-bhukti-varja, etc. ### [c7.114](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.114) pūrva-pratta-deva-brahma-deya-rahita, sometimes with dāya in place of deya; refers to the absence of the donee’s right to have any control over that land in the gift village which was already a rent-free holding in the possession of gods or Brāhmaṇas; same as \*deva-brahmaṇa-bhukti-varja\*, etc. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 398. ### [c7.115](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.115) \*putra-pautrādi-santati-krameṇa\*, same as \*putra-pautr-ānvaya-kram-opabhogya\*, etc. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 399. ### [c7.116](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.116) \*putra-pautr-ādy-anvay-opabhogā\*, \*ānugaminī\*, etc.; same as \*putra-pautr-ānugamaka\*. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, pp. 394-95. ### [c7.117](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.117) \*putra-pautr-ānugamaka\*, ‘the donee’s right of enjoying the gift land should pass on to his sons and grandsons’; epithet of gift land; same as \*putra-pautr-ānvaya-kram-opabhogya\*, etc. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 392. ### [c7.118](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.118) \*putra-pautr-ānvaya-kram-opabhogya\*, refers to the permanent nature of a gift of land to be enjoyed by the donee as well as his descendants; same as \*putra-putr-ānugamaka\* (\*I.E.\*, p. 398). ### [c7.119](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.119) \*rāja-bhāvya-sarva-pratyāya-sameta\* (EI 23), \*bhāvya\* being often changed to \*ābhāvya\*; same as \*a-kiñcit-pragrāhya\*, etc. ### [c7.120](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.120) \*rāja-grāhya-samasta-pratyāya-samanvita\* (EI 22), same as \*a-kiñcit-pragrāhya\*, etc. ### [c7.121](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.121) \*rāja-rājapuruṣair=apy=anaṅguli-nirdeśyam\*, same as \*srava-rāja-kīyānām=a-hasta-prakṣepaṇīyaḥ\*, etc. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 400. ### [c7.122](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.122) \*rājasevakānām vasatidaṇḍa-prayāṇadaṇḍau na staḥ\*, refers to the freedom of the gift village from the obligation to provide accommodation and conveyance, etc., to the royal officers on tour; cf. \*a-kūra-chullaka-vināśi-khaṭv-āvāsa\*, \*a-paramparā-balivarda\*, etc. See \*CII\*, Vol. III, p. 98, note 2. ### [c7.123](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.123) \*rājñā rājapuruṣair=apy=anaṅguli-prakṣepaṇīya\* (\*Ind. Ant.\*, Vol. XIX, p. 247, text lines 103-04), same as \*sarva-rājakīyānām=a-hasta-prakṣepaṇīyaḥ\*, etc. ### [c7.124](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.124) \*ramya\* (\*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXXV, p. 135), refers to the fact that the gift land had nothing unpleasant about it. ### [c7.125](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.125) \*ṛṇ-ādāy-ādi-sambandha-varjita\* (EI 23), refers to the freedom of the gift land from confiscation for the realisation of debts incurred by the donee. ### [c7.126](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.126) \*sa-bāhy-ābhyantar-ādāya\*, ‘together with the external and internal income or taxes to be paid to the state and to the village authorities’; epithet of the gift village; cf. \*abhyantara-siddhyā\*, etc. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 395. ### [c7.127](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.127) \*sa-bhoga\* (EI 27; IA 9), ‘together with the \*aṣṭa-bhoga\*’. ### [c7.128](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.128) \*sa-bhūta-pāta-pratyāya\* (CII 3), refers to the income from the gift land as a result of some action of nature’s agencies. Sometimes \*vāta\* and \*āvāta\* are found for \*pāta\* probably in the sense of ‘a storm’ (cf. udvāta) and also upātta, ‘realised’. sa-bhūta-vāta-pratyāya (EI 23), with pāta sometimes in place of vāta; ‘together with the income arising out of a change of the natural phenomena (such as due to earthquakes, storms, etc.)’; epithet of gift land. sa-bhūt-opātta-pratyāya (EI 23), same as sa-bhūta-vāta-pratyāya, etc. The word upātta means ‘realised’. sa-caur-oddharaṇa (EI 12, 23, 29), ‘together with the right to punish thieves and recover stolen property or fines’; epithet of gift villages. Cf. caura-varja, etc. sa-daṇḍa-doṣa (EI 23), ‘together with \[the right to\] levy fines for crimes’; the meaning of doṣa is really doubtful in the context. sa-daṇḍa-nigraha (EI 24), refers to the king’s power to punish \[culprits\] by fines or corporal punishment. sa-daś-āpacāra, same as sa-daś-āparādha; cf. Ind. Ep., p. 397. sa-daś-āparādha (EI 27), also quoted as sa-daś-āpacāra; ‘together with the right to punish and realise fines for the ten offences (murder, theft, etc.)’; epithet of gift village; cf. sahya-daś-āparādha probably meaning that the crimes committed in the gift village should not be punished by the king. sa-deya-meya (EI 7), same as sa-dhānya-hiraṇy-ādeya, etc. sa-dhānya-hiraṇy-ādeya (EI 11, 12, 23; IA 9), ‘together with the king’s grain share and taxes in cash’. s-ādha-ūrdhva, ‘together with what is \[produced or found\] below and above the ground’; epithet of gift land. Cf. Ind. Ep., p. 395. s-āgama-nirama-praveśa, ‘together with approaches, ingress and egress’; epithet of gift land. Cf. Ind. Ep., p. 394. sa-gart-āvaskara (Ep. Ind., Vol. XXXV, p. 135), mentioned along with s-oṣara. The word avaskara (also avakara) probably means ‘a mound’. sa-gart-oṣara (EI 27, 29), ‘together with pits and saline spots or barren lands’; epithet of gift village. sa-giri-gahana-nidhāna (EI 24), ‘together with hills, forests and deposits’. See also nidhāna noticed above. sa-gokula, ‘together with the cowpens’; epithet of gift village. Cf. Ind. Ep., p. 395. sa-gopracāra (EI 12), ‘together with the pasture lands’. sa-gulma-latā (EI 12), same as sa-gulma-latāka, etc. ### [c7.129](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.129) \*sa-gulma-latāka\*, ‘together with shrubs and creepers’; epithet of the gift land. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 402. ### [c7.130](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.130) \*sa-guvāka-nārikera\* (EI 12), sometimes with \*nālikela\* in place of \*nārikera\*; ‘together with the arecanut and coconut palms’; epithet of gift land; see \*guvāka-nārikel-ādikaṁ laggāvayitvā\*. ### [c7.131](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.131) \*sa-haṭṭa-ghaṭṭa-sa-tara\* (EI 22), ‘together with market-places and ferries (or passes) and with ferry-dues’. ### [c7.132](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.132) \*sa-hiraṇya-bhāga-bhoga\* (EI 23), same as \*sa-deya-meya\*, etc. See the words as separately noticed. ### [c7.133](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.133) \*sa-hiraṇya-bhāga-bhog-oparikara-sarv-ādāya-sameta\* (EI 23), ‘together with all levies such as \*hiraṇya, bhāga, bhoga\* and \*uparikara\*’. See the various words as noticed separately. ### [c7.134](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.134) \*sa-hiraṇy-ādāna\* (EI 26), ‘together with levies in cash’; privilege of the donee of rent-free and. ### [c7.135](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.135) \*sahya-daś-āparādha\* (IE), see \*sa-daś-āparādha\*. ### [c7.136](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.136) \*sa-jala-sthala\* (EI 12, 27, 29), ‘together with land and waters \[of the gift village\]’. ### [c7.137](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.137) \*sa-jala-sthal-āraṇya\* (EI 23), ‘together with the land, waters and jungles \[of the gift village\]’. ### [c7.138](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.138) \*sa-jala-sthala-sahita\* (EI 23), same as \*sa-jala-sthala\*. ### [c7.139](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.139) \*sa-jana-dhana\* (\*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXXV, p. 139), same as \*jana-dhana-sahita\*. Cf. \*sa-jana\* (ibid., Vol. V, p. 185). ### [c7.140](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.140) \*sa-jāṅgal-ānūpa\* (EI 12), ‘together with arid and marshy lands’. ### [c7.141](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.141) \*sa-jhāṭa-viṭapa\*, ‘together with bushes and shrubs (or branches)’. ### [c7.142](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.142) \*sa-kar-otkara\* = Prakrit \*sa-kar-ukara\* (EI 7); refers to a piece of land granted with the donee’s right to enjoy major and minor taxes; cf. \*s-odraṅga-s-oparikara\* and \*sa-kḷpt-opakḷpta\*, etc. See \*kar-otkara\* as noticed separately above; also cf. \*kāru-kara\*. ### [c7.143](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.143) \*sa-khalla-unnata\* = \*sa-khall-onnata\* (EI 12), ‘together with low and high lands’; epithet of gift land. \*Khalla\* is Oḍiyā \*khāl\* ‘low land’. Cf. \*sa-nimn-onnata\*. ### [c7.144](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.144) \*sa-khaṇḍapālīya\*, ‘together with the tax for the maintenance of the swordsmen’; epithet of gift village; cf. \*padāti-jīvya\*, tax for the maintenance of \*Pāiks\* or footmen. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 402. ### [c7.145](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.145) \*sa-khaṭa-viṭapa\* (EI 12), mistake for \*sa-jhāṭa-viṭapa\* or \*sa-kheṭa-viṭapa\*. ### [c7.146](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.146) \*sa-kheṭa-ghaṭṭa-naditara-sthān-ādi-gulmaka\* (EI 29), ‘together with the military, police or customs outposts in the hamlets, landing places on the banks of rivers (or passes in the hilly tracts) and ferrying stations’; epithet of gift village. \*sa-kheṭa-viṭapa\*, ‘together with outposts and bushes’; epithet of gift village. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 402. \*sa-khila-nāla\*, ‘together with the fallow and cultivated lands’; epithet of gift village; same as \*sa-khila-polācya\*. See Majumdar, \*Ins. Beng.\*, Vol. III, p. 125. \*sa-khila-polācya\*, ‘together with fallow and cultivated land’; same as \*sa-khila-nāla\*. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 394. \*sa-khil-opakila\*, ‘together with land which is fallow and partially fallow’. \*Pakhila\* in the same context is a mistake for \*upakhila\*. \*sa-klpta\* (EI 24), ‘together with the tax on permanent tenants or the fixed revenue’; same as \*s-odraṅga\*. \*sa-klpt-opaklptaka\* (EI 24, 27), refers to the freedom of the gift land from the payment of fixed taxes on permanent tenants as well as occassional taxes or taxes on temporary tenants; same as \*s-odraṅga-s-oparikara\*. \*sa-kṛta-prānta\*, cf. Prakrit \*sa-kutu-ppanta\* (EI 26), ‘together with the demarcated boundaries’; epithet of the gift land. \*sa-lavaṇa\* (EI 12), ‘together with salt (i.e. the right to enjoy salt produced in the land). Cf. \*a-lavaṇa-khātaka\*, etc. \*sa-lavaṇa-ākara\* (EI 12), ‘together with the salt pits’. Cf. \*a-lavaṇa-khātaka\*, etc. \*sa-loh-ādy-ākara\*, together with the mines of metals, etc.’; epithet of gift village. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 395. \*sa-loha-lavaṇ-ākara\* (EI 23, 26), ‘together with the mines and salt-pits’, epithet of gift land. Cf. \*sa-loh-ādy-ākara\*, \*a-lavaṇa-khātaka\*, etc. \*sa-madhūka-cūta-vana-vāṭikā-viṭapa-tṛṇa-yūti-gocara-paryanta\*, ‘together with the \*madhūka\* and mango trees, forests, gardens, bushes (or, branches), grass \*yūti\* (grass land) and including the pasture land’; cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 396. It is better to take \*sa-madhūka-cūta-vana-vāṭikā-viṭapa\* and \*tṛṇayūti-gocara-paryanta\* separately. \*sa-madhūk-āmra-vana-vāṭikā-viṭapa-tṛṇa-yūti-gocara-paryanta\* (EI 24), ‘together with the \*madhuka\* and mango trees, forests, gardens, shrubs and as far as and the grass \*yuti\* (grass land) and pasture lands’. See \*sa-madhūka-cūta\*......, above. \*sa-mandira-prākāra\*, ‘together with temples and walls’; epithet of gift village. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 395. ### [c7.147](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.147) trees and areas covered by jungles (or areas covered with mango and \*madhūka\* plantations)’; see \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 402 ### [c7.148](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.148) \*sa-mañca-mahākaraṇa\* (EI 26), ‘together with \*mañca\* (probably, platforms for the collection of tolls) and \*mahākaraṇa\* (official documents)’; epithet of the gift land. ### [c7.149](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.149) \*sāmant-āmātya-dūtānām=anyeṣām=c=ābhyupāgame śayanīyāsana-siddhānnaṃ na dāpayet\*, refers to the obligation of the people to supply beds, seats and boiled or unboiled rice to feudatory rulers, ministers, messengers and others encamped in a village; see \*a-kūra-cullaka-vināśi-khaṭv-āvāsa\*, etc. See \*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXX, p. 171. ### [c7.150](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.150) \*samasta-bhāga-bhoga-kara-hiraṇy-ādi-pratyāya-sameta\*, ‘together with all incomes including the king’s grain share, the periodical offerings to be made to the king or landlord and to the touring officers, taxes in grains, taxes in cash, etc.’; epithet of gift land; same as \*sa-hiraṇya-bhāga-bhoga\*, etc. See \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 397. ### [c7.151](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.151) \*samasta-bhāga-bhoga-kara-hiraṇy-ādāya-sameta\* (EI 23), same as \*sa-hiraṇya-bhāga-bhoga\*, etc. ### [c7.152](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.152) \*samasta-rājakīyānām=apraveśya\*, same as \*a-bhaṭa-praveśa\*, \*a-cāṭa-bhaṭa-praveśa\*, \*a-bhaṭa-cchātra-prāveśya\*, etc. (\*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 398). ### [c7.153](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.153) \*samasta-rājakīyānām=ahasta-prakṣepaṇīya\* (CII 3), same as \*ā-bhaṭa-praveśa\*, etc. ### [c7.154](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.154) \*samasta-rājapratyādāya-sameta\* (\*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXXV, p. 129), same as \*sa-hiraṇya-bhāga-bhoga\*, etc. ### [c7.155](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.155) \*samast-otpatti-sahita\* (EI 12), ‘together with all the produce or income’. ### [c7.156](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.156) \*samast-otpatti-śulk-otpatti-sahita\* (EI 23), ‘together with all the produce of the land and the income arising from tolls’. ### [c7.157](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.157) \*sa-matsya-kacchapa\* (EI 12), ‘together with the right to catch fish and tortoises’; epithet of gift village. ### [c7.158](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.158) \*sa-matsya-ākara\* (EI 24), 26), ‘together with the sources of fish (e.g., rivers, tanks, etc)’; epithet of gift village. ### [c7.159](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.159) \*samhalātamaka-samanvita\* (EI 9), the reading is apparently wrong; meaning uncertain. ### [c7.160](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.160) \*sa-mīna-toya\* (EI 24), ‘together with fish and the waters’ or ‘together with the waters containing fish.’ ### [c7.161](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.161) \*s-āmra-madhūka\* (IE; EI 12, 27, 29), ‘together with the mango and \*madhūka\* trees’. ### [c7.162](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.162) \*s-āmra-madhu-vana\* (EI 12), same as \*s-āmra-madhū-van-ākīrṇa\*. ### [c7.163](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.163) \*s-āmra-madhu-van-ākīrṇa\*, see \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 402. ### [c7.164](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.164) \*s-āmra-panasa\* (EI 12), ‘together with mango and jack trees’. \*samuchita-deya-bhāga-bhoga-kara-hiraṇy-ādi\* (EI 23), same as \*sa-hiraṇya-bhāga-bhoga\*, etc. \*samudayabāhy-ādyastamba\* (EI 23), ‘\[land\] covered with original shrubs (i.e. never cultivated) and not yielding any revenue \[to the State\].’ \*sa-mūla\* (EI 13), ‘together with the root crops’. \*nidhān-ālipaka-kumārīsāhas-āputradhana-pradhān-āpradhāna-doṣa-samanvita\* (Ep. Ind., Vol. III, p. 274), see the words as noticed separately above. The word \*doṣa\* here means ‘fines’. \*sa-nidhi\* (EI 27), refers to the freedom of the donee of the gift land from the obligation of surrendering to the king underground treasures in the land on their discovery. \*sa-nidhi-nidhāna\* (Ep. Ind., Vol. XXXV, p. 139), same as \*sa-nidhi-nikṣepa\*, etc. \*sa-nidhi-nikṣepa\*, see \*nidhi\*, \*nikṣepa\*, \*nidhāna\*, \*ālipaka\*, etc., as noticed separately. \*Cf. Ind. Ep.\*, p. 396. \*sa-nidhy-upanidhi\* (EI 26), same as \*sa-nidhi-nikṣepa\*, etc. \*sa-nimn-onnata\* (IA 16), same as \*sa-khall-onnata\*. \*sa-nirgama-praveśa\* (EI 12), ‘together with ingress and egress’. \*s-ānūpa-jāṅgala\* (\*Ind. Ant.\*, Vol. XVIII, p. 34, text line 5), same as \*sa-jāṅgal-ānūpa\*. \*sa-padr-āraṇya\* (EI 23, 24), same as \*sa-padr-āraṇyaka\*. \*sa-padr-āraṇyaka\* (EI 12), ‘together with habitations and jungles’; epithet of gift land. \*sa-pallika\* (\*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. XXXV, p. 135), ‘together with its hamlets’. \*sa-parikara\* (EI 23), same as or a mistake for \*s-oparikara\*. \*sa-parṇ-ākara\* (EI 26), ‘together with the fields growing betel leaves’; epithet of gift village. \*sa-pratīhāra\*, ‘together with the tax for the maintenance of the watchmen of the city gates’; \*cf. Ind. Ep.\*, p. 401. \*sarva-bādhā-parihāra\* (EI 23, 24), same as \*parihṛta-sarva-pīḍa\*, etc. \*sarva-bādhā-vivarjita\* (EI 24), same as \*parihṛta-sarva-pīḍa\*, etc. \*sarv-ābhyantara-siddhi\* (EI 20; IA 19), ‘together with the entire internal revenue income or all the taxes to be paid to local authorities’. \*sarv-ābhyantara-siddhyā\* (IA 18), same as \*sarv-ābhyantara-siddhi\*. \*sarv-ādāna-ditya-viṣṭi-prātibhedikā-parihīna\* (CII 4), ‘free from all levies, \*ditya\*, forced labour and \*prātibhedikā\*. See \*ditya\* and \*prātibhedikā\* as noticed above. ### [c7.165](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.165) \*sarva-ādāna-saṅgrāhya\* (CII 4), ‘with the right to levy all the dues’; same as \*sarva-ādāya-sameta\*. ### [c7.166](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.166) \*sarva-ādāna-viṣṭi-prātibhedikā-parihīna\* (CII 4), ‘free from the payment of all imposts and the obligation regarding unpaid labour and \*prātibhedikā\*’; epithet of gift village. See \*prātibhedikā\* as noticed above. ### [c7.167](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.167) \*sarva-ādāya-sameta\* (EI 23), same as \*sarva-ādāna-saṅgrāhya\*, etc. ### [c7.168](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.168) \*sarva-ādeya-viśuddha\* (CII 4), ‘with all kinds of taxes fixed’; same as \*sarva-ādāya-sameta\* (cf. \*sarva-āya-viśuddha\*). ### [c7.169](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.169) \*sarva-ditya-viṣṭi-jemaka-kara-bhara-parihīna\* (CII 4), ‘free from the burden of all the \*ditya\*, forced labour, \*jemaka\* and taxes’. See \*ditya\* and \*jemaka\* as noticed above. ### [c7.170](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.170) \*sarva-ditya-viṣṭi-prātibhedikā-parihīna\* (EI 9; CII 4), ‘free from all kinds of \*ditya\*, forced labour and \*prātibhedikā\*’. See the words as noticed separately. ### [c7.171](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.171) \*sarva-ditya-viṣṭi-prātibhedikā-parihṛta\* (\*Ep. Ind.\*, Vol. VI, p. 298, text lines 201-21), same as \*sarva-ditya-viṣṭi-prātibhedikā-parihīna\*. See the words as noticed above. ### [c7.172](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.172) \*sarva-jāta-bhoga-nirasta\*, refers to a grant of land with all kinds of royal rights abrogated. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 390. ### [c7.173](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.173) \*sarva-jāta-bhoga\* (EI 24), ‘together with all kinds of privileges to be enjoyed.’ ### [c7.174](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.174) \*sarva-jāta-pārihārika\*, cf. Prakrit \*sava-jāta-pārihārika\* (\*Select Inscriptions\*, pp. 92, 94), ‘endowed with all kinds of exemptions.’ ### [c7.175](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.175) \*sarva-kara-parihāra\* (EI 23, 27), ‘exemption from all taxes.’ ### [c7.176](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.176) \*sarva-kara-sameta\* (EI EI 23, 27), ‘together with all taxes.’ ### [c7.177](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.177) \*sarva-paṅga-parihṛta\* (EI 33), ‘free from all levies falling in the category of \*paṅga\*’. See \*paṅga\* noticed above. ### [c7.178](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.178) \*sarva-parihāra-kārudeya\* (EI 24), refers to all kinds of exemptions including the dues from artisans. ### [c7.179](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.179) \*sarva-pīḍā-parihṛta\* (EI 23), same as \*sarva-pīḍā-varjita\*, \*sarva-pīḍā-vivarjita\*, etc. ### [c7.180](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.180) \*sarva-pīḍā-varjita\* (EI 23), same as \*parihṛta-sarva-pīḍā\*, \*sarva-bādhā-vivarjita\*, etc. ### [c7.181](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.181) \*sarva-pīḍā-vivarjita\* (EI 27), same as \*parihṛta-sarva-pīḍā\*, etc. ### [c7.182](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.182) \*sarva-rājakīyānām=a-hasta-prakṣepaṇīyaḥ\* (CII 3), same as a-bhaṭa-praveśa, a-cāṭa-bhaṭa-prāveśya, a-bhaṭa-cchātra-prāveśya, etc. ### [c7.183](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.183) sarva-vādhā-vivarjita, with vādhā in the place of bādhā; same as parihṛta-sarva-pīḍa, sarva-pīḍā-varjita, etc. Cf. Ind. Ep., p. 401. ### [c7.184](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.184) sarva-viṣṭi-parihāra-parihṛta (EI 23, 24, 26), ‘endowed with the exemptions from all kinds of unpaid labour’; epithet of the gift village. ### [c7.185](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.185) sarv-āya-sahita (Ind.Ant., Vol. XIX, p. 247, text line 203), ‘together with the entire income.’ ### [c7.186](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.186) sarv-āya-viśuddha (EI 23), ‘having fixed and regular income.’ ### [c7.187](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.187) sarv-opadrava-varjita (EI 24), same as parihṛta-sarva-pīḍa, etc. ### [c7.188](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.188) sarv-oparikar-ādāna-sahita, ‘together with the right to levy all minor taxes or taxes on temporary tenants’; epithet of gift village. Cf. Ind. Ep., p. 401. ### [c7.189](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.189) sarv-oparikara-kar-ādāna-sameta (EI 23), ‘together with all the levies falling in the categories of uparikara and kara’. See kara and uparikara as noticed above. ### [c7.190](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.190) sarv-otpatti-sahita (EI 23), ‘together with whatever is produced (i.e. crops or income).’ ### [c7.191](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.191) sarv-eṣṭi-parihāra-parihṛta (EI 27), sarv-eṣṭi may be a mistake for sarva-viṣṭi. ### [c7.192](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.192) sa-saibara (EI 17), also written sa-śaivara; ‘together with unassessed arable lands or the tax on farm-houses’; cf. śaivara and saibara noticed above. ### [c7.193](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.193) sa-sarva-pallika (Ep. Ind., Vol. XXXV, p. 129), ‘together with all the hamlets’. ### [c7.194](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.194) sa-sarv-āśan-ekṣu-karpāsa-śaṇ-āmra-madhūk-ādi-bhūruha, ‘together with aśana (pitāśāla), sugarcane, cotton-plants, hemp-plants, mango, madhūka and other trees’; epithet of gift land. Cf. Ind. Ep., p. 395. ### [c7.195](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.195) sa-sāṭa-viṭapa (EI 12), mistake or wrong reading of sa-jhāṭa-viṭapa (q.v.). ### [c7.196](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.196) s-āṣṭādaśa-prakṛty=opeta (EI 2), ‘together with the eighteen (i.e. all) kinds of tenants (i.e. tenants belonging to all the communities)’. ### [c7.197](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.197) sa-sthāvara-jaṅgama, ‘together with the immovable and movable belongings \[of the gift village\]’. Cf. Ind. Ep., p. 395. ### [c7.198](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.198) sa-tala (EI 12, 29), ‘together with the surface of the ground’. ### [c7.199](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.199) sa-tālaka (EI 12), ‘together with palmyra palms’; epithet of gift village. ### [c7.200](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.200) \*sa-tantalika\* (EI 12), ‘together with tamarind trees’. ### [c7.201](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sircar-1966.c7.201) \*sa-tantuvāya-gokuṭa-śauṇḍik-ādi-prakṛtika\*, ‘together with such tenants as the weavers, cowherds or milkmen and vintners’; epithet of gift village. Cf. \*Ind. Ep.\*, p. 393. _First 200 of 255 passages. 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