[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Reference works](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference) › [An Index to the Names in the Mahabharata, with Short Explanations and a Concordance to the Bombay and Calcutta Editions and P. C. Roy's Translation](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sorensen-1904) › c5.s1.434 # An Index to the Names in the Mahabharata, with Short Explanations and a Concordance to the Bombay and Calcutta Editions and P. C. Roy's Translation c5.s1.434 An Index to the Names in the Mahābhārata, with Short Explanations and a Concordance to the Bombay and Calcutta Editions and P. C. Roy's Translation c5.s1.434 - **Language:** English ### [c5.s1.434](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sorensen-1904.c5.s1.434) B. and C.; cf. BR., v. \*Ūṣmapa\*\] were created by \*Svayambhū\* (i.e. Brahmán) and consist of seven classes (\*saptakaḥ pitṛ-vamśas tu\*): when they are honoured by a \*śrāddha\*, they become freed from sin; the \*Viṣvedevas\* \[sixty-four (γ) are enumerated\], having \*Agni\* for their mouth, they are eternal (? \*Kalasya gati-gocarūḥ\*; C. \*°syāga°\*; "eternal and conversant with all that occurs in time," PCR.). Articles that should not be offered at \*śrāddhas\*. From the place of a \*śrāddha\* a \*Caṇḍāla\* and a \*Śvapaca\* should be excluded, as also one who wears yellow clothes (\*Kāṣāyavāsāḥ\*), a leper, an outcast (\*patitaḥ\*), etc. Having said this to R. Nimi, \*Atri\* went back to the celestial palace of \*Pitāmaha\* (Brahmán) (XIII, 91). After Nimi had acted in this way, M.-r. performed a \*śrāddha\*. The Pitṛs and gods became afflicted with indigestion in consequence of the offerings (\*nīrāpa\*) made by persons of the four castes. They repaired to \*Soma\*, and thence to \*Svayambhū\* (on the summit of \*Meru\*), and thence to \*Agni\*. \*Agni\* told them to eat those offerings together with him. It is for this reason that in the \*śrāddha\* the \*Brahma-Rākṣasas\* cannot do any injury to the \*śrāddha\*; but the \*Rākṣasas\* fly away from it (v. 4383-4). The cake should first be offered to the \[deceased\] father, then to the grandfather, then to the great-grandfather; at each cake the \*Sāvitrī\* should be uttered (\*Somāyeti ca vaktavyam tathā pitṛmateti ca\*); a woman of another \*gotra\* (\*anyavaṃśajā\*), etc., should not assist at a \*śrāddha\*; while crossing a river, one should offer oblations of water to one's P., and also on the day of the new moon (\*māsardkhe kṛṣṇapakṣasya\*); this gives prosperity, etc.; \*Brahmán\*, etc. (δ), are great masters of yoga and \[numbered among\] P. (XIII, 92).—§ 750: Asked by \*Yudhiṣṭhira\*, \*Bhīṣma\* said that brahmans who are observant of vows not mentioned in the \*Vedas\* may eat at \*śrāddhas\* without incurring sin; but not so those who are observant of vows mentioned in the \*Vedas\*. Penance is not really identifiable with fast; one should not torment one's own body; renunciation is the best of penances; the brahman should eat \*Vighasa\* or \*Amṛta\* (i.e. food that remains after the guests, etc., have eaten); one should only eat morning and evening at the prescribed hours, etc.; such men obtain felicity in the abode of \*Brahmán\* in the company of Aps. and G. If the giver happens to be unrighteous, the receiver sinks into hell. In this connection an old tale of a conversation between \*Vṛṣudarbhi\* and the seven \*Ṛṣis\* is told: \*Bīṣastainyopākhyāna\* (β) (XIII, 93).—§ 751: \*Bhīṣma\* said: In this connection the old story of the oaths on the occasion of a \*tīrthayātrā\* \[i.e. \*Capathavidhi\*\] is told (β) (XIII, 94).—§ 752: Asked by \*Yudhiṣṭhira\* by whom the custom of giving umbrellas and sandals at \*śrāddhas\* was introduced, \*Bhīṣma\* related the story of the discourse between \*Jamadagni\* and \*Sūrya\* \[i.e. \*Chattropānahotpatti\*\] (β). One should, therefore, give away umbrellas and shoes to brahmans. - [Previous: c5.s1.433.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sorensen-1904.c5.s1.433.8) - [Next: c5.s1.435.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sorensen-1904.c5.s1.435.1) - [Up: c5.s1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sorensen-1904.c5.s1) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sorensen-1904.c5.s1.434](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.reference.sorensen-1904.c5.s1.434) · Pramāṇa