An Introduction to Tantric Buddhism c13: Index

An Introduction to Tāntric Buddhism c13

Language: English

Index

c13.1

[The words are arranged in order of the English alphabets. English words are given in Roman with a capital. Non-English general names and words are given in Roman with a capital and diacritical marks. Technical non-English terms are in small italics with diacritical marks.]

c13.2

Abhaya-mudrā, 97 abheda (nerve), 169n abhicāra, 70, 80 abhidharma, 17 abhimukhī, 11, 82 abhimukti, 82 abhiṣeka, 74, 175-77, 176n-77n Abode of bliss, 149 Absolute, 160, 195 ; oneness, 148 ; state, 127 ; unity, 125 abhāva (nerve), 169n abhāva-kalpanā, 43 abhūta-parikalpa, 27-31, 37, 87, 95 acalā, 11, 82 Achala, 78 acitta (nerve), 169n Active consciousness (pravṛtti-vijñāna), 33-34 Adamantine knowledge, 177-78 ; nature, 51, 87 ; path, 87 ; reality, 177 ; truth, 49, 98 ; way, 78 ; woman, 112 adharma (nerve), 169n Advaita Vedānta, 38 advaya, 80, 125, 128, 130, 140 Afflictions, 210, 213-14 agni (nerve), 169n Agnostic attitude, 142 Aiśvarika (school), 107n, 108 Ajñā-cakra, 162n Akṣobhya, 14, 64, 64n, 78, 94, 95n, 97, 99n, 130, 159, 173, 176 All-conserving mind, 24, 26, 80, 34 All-pervading bliss, 188 All-pervading oneness, 161 All-pervading universal consciousness, 150 All-void, 53, 126 Amaroli, 188n

c13.3

Amitābha, 64, 64n, 78, 94, 95n, 97, 130, 157, 159, 173, 177 Amitāyus, 94, 99n Amoghasiddhi, 64, 94, 95n, 97, 99n, 130, 159, 173, 177 anekamukhī, 82 anupādhi-sesa-nibbāna, 146 anupādhi-śeṣa-samādhi, 56 anusmṛti, 181, 187 anutpāda, 23 anuttara-samādhi, 185 Anuttara-tantra, 71n Anuttara-yoga-tantra-yāna, 71n Anāhata-cakra, 162n, 163, 166 aṅga-nyāsa, 189 apara (nerve), 169n apāna, 74, 75, 166n, 178, 184, 188n, 189n apratisaṃkhyā-nirodha, 147 Arahan, 65 arāga, 126 arciṣmatī, 11, 82 Arhathood, 7 arthābhāsa, 28 arūpa, 47 arūpa-dhātu, 46 asaṃprajñāta-samādhi, 147 Asaṅga, 18, 62, 147 asmṛti, 126 athira (nerve), 169n aśūnyatā, 26, 44 Aśvaghoṣa, 23, 24, 27, 87, 102, 147 Aśvinī-mudrā, 188n ati-śūnya, 51, 52, 117 ati-śūnyatā, 116 Atiyoga-tantra-yāna, 71n Avadhūtī, (-tikā), 118, 164, 169, 170-71, 174, 189n, 190, 191 Avadhūtī-maṇḍala, 107 Avadhūtī-pā, 41 Avalokiteśvara, 7, 8, 97, 180 avidyā, 24 avidyā (nerve), 169n ābhicārika (performance), 204n Ācārya, 176-77 ādarśa-jñāna, 95n Ādi-Buddha, 72-73, 94, 108, 110, 110n, 180 Ādi-prajñā, 108, 108n, 110 Ādi-śakti, 108 ālaya-vijñāna, 24, 26, 88-85 āli, 67, 120-21, 124-25, 164, 169, 169n, 170-78 āloka, 51-52 āloka-jñāna, 51 ālokalabdhi, 52 ālokābhāsa, 51-52 ānanda, 167, 191-98 Āraṇyakas, 65, 160 Ārya-deva, 55 ārya-satya, 9, 142, 167 Ārya-tārā, 97, 180 Ārya-vimala-kīrti, 108 āsana, 187 ātma-tattva, 167 āyatana, 82, 99n āvaraṇa, 187

c13.4

bali, 169n bandha(s), 187, 187n, 188n Beatific Body, 14 Bhadra-pāda, 49, 152 bhaga, 88, 117, 133-34 bhagavatī, 118, 114n bhaginī (prajñā as), 114 bhava, 99, 100, 190, 192-93 bhāsa-traya, 186 bhāva, 43 bhāva (nerve), 169n bhāva-kalpanā, 43 Bhāva-viveka, 20 bheda (nerve), 169n Bhūsparśa-mudrā, 97 Bhusuka-pāda, 140, 185 Bhūta-nātha, 184 bhūta-tathatā, 28-24 bindu, 66, 111, 122, 108n, 169n, 188n, 196 bīja(s), 64, 64n, 65, 84, 164 bīja-mantra, 63-65, 95, 98, 178 bodhi, 11, 14, 56, 57n, 98, 99n, 174 Bodhicitta, 10, 46-47, 57, 57n, 68, 70, 76, 83-84, 92, 96, 98, 98n, 99n, 100, 100n, 102, 105n, 125, 128, 185, 148, 154, 158-59, 164, 170-71, 174, 177-81, 187-95, 200, 208, 204n bodhicitto-tpāda, 10

c13.5

Bodhi-mind, 92, 99n, 112-18, 186 Bodhisattva(s), 7-8, 10-11, 18, 15-16, 47, 54, 78-79, 84, 89n, 92, 95, 97, 109, 181, 204-05, 205n, 210 Bodhisattva-bhūmi, 10, 82, 158 Bodhisattvahood, 187 Bodhisattva Vajragarbha, 157 Bodhisattva Vajrasattva, 62, 208-4 Bodhisattva-yāna, 9, 16, 71n Bodhi-vṛkṣa, 82 Body (as the epitome of the universe), 161 Body (as the medium), 161 Body of bliss, 18 Body of enjoyment, 14 Body of the laws, 12 Body of transformation, 14 bola, or bolaka, 118 Brahman, 160 brahma-randhra, 170 Brahma-realisation, 91 Brahma-vihāra, 88 Breath control, 158, 188n Buddha-ghoṣa, 145-46 Buddhahood, 10, 55, 92-93, 105, 152 Buddha-kāya, 14 Buddhalogy, 14-15 Buddha Mahāvairocaṇa, 109n Buddha Vajrasattva, 94n

c13.6

cakra (plexus), 76, 78, 97, 104, 162-68, 168n, 165-67, 169-70, 188-90, 195 ; (circle), 181 ; (cycle), 188 Cakra-pāṇi, 97 camana, 169, 169n, 172, 172n candra, 169, 169n Candra-kīrti, 19n, 20n, 146 Caṇḍaroṣaṇa, 171 Cardiac plexus, 162, 162n Caryā or Upāya-tantra-yāna, 71n Caryā-tantra, 71n catuṣkoṭi, 168 Cause and conditions, 43 Celestial Buddha Vairocaṇa, 62 Cerebral plexus, 162 Chantings, 71n Charm, 70 Cikitsā-tantra, 2 cintāmaṇi kula, 97 Circle of effulgence, 187 Circle of time, 78 citriṇī, 170 citta, 185, 188n, 194, 198-99, 201, 202n, 207 ; (nerve), 169n citta-dhārā, 88 Consonants, 121, 172-78 Constructive functions, 188 Constructive imagination, 29, 52, 207 Cosmic oneness, 49 ; principle, 188 ; unity, 12 Created Body, 15 Creative potencies, 95 Cundā, 82

c13.7

dakṣiṇa (nerve), 169n daśa-bhūmi, 10 Defiled nature, 182 Demoniacal Buddhas, 72-74 Dependent origination, 18, 43 devatā-tattva, 167 dhamana, 169, 169n, 172, 172n dharma-cakra, 128, 158, 164, 167-68, 192 Dharma-cakra-mudrā, 97, 109 dharma-dhātu, 12, 24, 31, 49, 55, 75, 104-05, 155, 177, 191, 202n Dharma-kāya, 12-15, 87, 88, 90, 105n, 106, 124, 128, 148, 151-52, 163, 167, 171 dharma-megha, 11, 82 Dharma-mudrā, 123, 165, 191-92 dharma-nairātmya, 82-83, 99n, 126 dharma-tathatā, 14 dharma-vaśitā, 82 dhāraṇā, 181, 181n, 187 dhāraṇī(s), 63, 66, 70, 82 dhātu, 99 dhyāna, 78, 94, 95n, 181, 181n, 187 Dhyāni Buddha(s), 14, 78, 94-97, 109, 130, 159, 182 Dhyāni Bodhisattva, 14 Diamond element, 110n Disturbing element, 207 divya-samādhi, 149n Dīpaṅkara, 14 Docetic conception, 12 Dohā(s), 58-59, 99, 100n, 112, 112n, 118n, 119n, 136n, 175, 190, 191, 212 Dormant seeds, 82, 88 Double lotus, 164

c13.8

Duality, 8, 23, 27-28, 87, 104, 125, 127 duhitā (Prajñā as), 114 dūraṅgamā, 11, 82 dveṣa kula, 78, 97 dyau (nerve), 169n Ḍākinī, 78, 163n, 166 Ḍombi, 190, 202 Ḍombī (Prajñā as), 114

c13.9

e, 169, 169n Effulgent nature, 174 Egohood, 129, 193 Ego-principle, 26 ekāgratā, 181-82 Eka-jaṭā-sādhanam, 50 Element of Nirvāṇa, 149 Ens, 23 Esoteric Buddhism, 176 Esoteric method, 1 Esoteric practice(s), 41, 61, 69, 158, 178 Esoteric school, 62 Esoteric theology, 41 Esoteric yoga, 195 Esoteric yogic practices, 86, 190 Essencelessness, 23 Eternal flux, 21 evaṃ, 122-28 evaṃkāra, 122 Evolution of the consciousness (cid-vivarta), 40 Expedience (-ient), 11, 101, 128, 135 Experiential series, 80-81 External categories, 34 Extreme nihilists, 27 ; realists, 27-28

c13.10

False idealisation, 147 Female counter-part, 182, 134, 171, 178 Fifteen digits of the moon, 164 Final bliss, 192 Final stage, 150 Final state, 190 Fire of time, 178 Five Abhijñās, 187n Five Buddhas, 181-88 Five dhyānas, 95 Five jñānas, 184 Five kinds of knowledge, 95, 95n Five kinds of lustre, 188-84 Five kinds of wind, 184

c13.11

Five kinds of wisdom, 183 Five families (kula), 159 Five omens, 187 Five Tathāgatas, 96, 130, 159, 178, 178 Flow of consciousness, 88 Four aṅgas (stages in the sādhanā), 167 Four categories, 163 Four kinds of bliss, 132, 190-95 Four kinds of jhāna, 145 Four moments, 190-95 Four Mudrās, 190-91 Four noble truths, 142, 163, 167

c13.12

Gaṅgā, 169-71 garbha-dhātu, 109, 110n Gauḍa-pāda, 88-89 Gautama (Buddha), 14, 97 Gāthā(s), 80, 99n Generative energy, 185 Goddess Caṇḍālī, 189-90 grāhaka, 28, 32, 35, 96, 126, 148, 169, 169n, 171 grāhya, 28, 32, 35, 96, 126, 148, 169, 169n, 171 Great bliss, 114, 135, 139, 149n, 163, 191, 195 Great vehicle, 5 Great woman, 69 guhyābhiṣeka, 176-77 Guru, 139, 175 Guru-vāda, 175

c13.13

Haṭha-yoga, 80, 180 Hākinī, 168n Heruka, 64n, 73, 98, 107, 130 hetu-pratyaya, 9, 18n, 21 Hevajra, 98 Hindu-Buddhist vernacular literature, 182 Hīnayāna, 4-6, 17, 205n, 209 Hīnayānists, 7, 12 hṛdaya, 65 Human Buddha, 97

c13.14

Ideal reflection, 181 iḍā, 118-19, 164, 169, 169n, 170, 178, 188n Imagination of existence, 48 Imaginative constructions, 215

c13.15

Immutable bliss, 149n; cosmic principle, 28; void, 83 Impure states (of mind), 51 Incessant bliss, 149 Individual consciousness, 150 Indrabhūti, 79 I-ness, 110-11 Infinite bliss, 155, 160 Initiation, 175-77 Intense bliss, 112-18, 148-49, 149n, 158, 164, 179-80 Internal categories, 84

c13.16

jananī (Prajñā as), 114 japa, 184 japa-mantra, 184 jāgrat, 194 jālandhara-bandha, 188n Jāṅgulī, 82 jhānas, 61 Jina, 84 jñeyāvaraṇa, 28, 33, 192 jñāna-mudrā, 118 Jñāna-pāda, 72n Jñāna-sattva, 92 jñāna-tattva, 167

c13.17

kakkola, kakkolaka, 118 kalasābhiṣeka, 176-77 Kambalāmbara-pāda, 59n Kanaka-muni, 97 kapha (nerve), 178 kara-nyāsa, 189n Karma-kulā, 128n karma-mudrā, 123, 184, 165, 191-92 Karma-nātha, 64n, 94, 183 karuṇā, 8, 10, 46, 54, 59, 59n, 75, 88, 96, 98-106, 111, 124, 126, 128, 132, 135, 166, 170-71 Kaśyapa, 14 Kākini, 168n, 166 kāla-cakra, 72-75 Kāla-cakra-yāna, 61, 72-73 kālāgni, 178 kāli, 67, 120-21, 124, 164, 169, 169n, 170-73 kāma, 47 kāma-dhātu, 46 kāma-kalā, 128-29 Kāpāli, 186 Kārmika school, 107n Kāśyapa, 97 kāya(s), 167-68 Kāṇha(u)-pāda, 59n, 112-18, 141, 186 kha-dhātū, 153, 158n Khasarpaṇa-sādhana, 50 khecarī mudrā, 188n kleśa, 100n, 115 kleśāvaraṇa, 28, 83, 192 Krakucchanda, 97 Kriyā-pāda, 72 kriyā-śakti, 129 Kriyā-tantra, 71n Kriyā-tantra-yāna, 71n kṛtyānuṣṭhāna-jñāna, 95n Kṛṣṇācārya, 114, 123 Kuddāla-pāda, 49 Kukkuri-pāda, 112, 189n kula (family), 78, 95, 97 kula-kuṇḍalinī-śakti, 110n, 189 kumbhaka, 184, 188n, 189n

c13.18

Lady vacuity, 112 lalanā, 118-19, 121, 164-65, 169-73 Laryngeal and pharyngeal plexus, 162, 162n Law of karma, 31 Lākinī, 163n, 166 Left nerve, 125 Liberation, 26-28, 83, 85, 40, 58, 103-5, 131, 138, 148-49, 153, 179, 199, 203, 210, 214 Little vehicle, 5 Locanā, 78, 97, 123, 130, 165-66 loka-dhātu, 18 loka-saṃsarjana, 95n Lord Caṇḍaroṣaṇa, 116, 156 Lord Mahāsaukhya, 155 Lord Mahāsukha, 156 Lord Mind, 112-13 Lord Supreme, 88, 89n, 93-94, 98, 109, 112, 130-32, 136, 155 Lord Vajrasattva, 76, 77n, 89n Lord Śrī-kāla-cakra, 75-76 Lord Śrī-mahāsukha, 155-56 Lotus, 158, 161, 167, 182, 187 Lotus in the cerebrum, 188 Lotus in the head, 162, 179 Lotus in the heart, 170 Lower Tantra, 71n Lumber plexus, 162, 162n

c13.19

Magic circle, 78-74 Magical nature of the Universe, 202n Magical nature of the world, 204 mahā-bandha, 188n mahā-bedha, 188n mahā-karuṇā, 7-10 mahā-mudrā, 69n, 113, 123n, 137, 165, 188n, 191-92 mahā-rāga, 136-37 mahāra-sukha, 137 mahā-sukha, 77, 88, 112-18, 135, 139-40, 142, 148-59, 168, 177, 179-80, 180n, 185, 192, 194-95, 213 Mahā-sukha-cakra, 123, 163, 168, 192 Mahā-sukha-kamala, 163 Mahā-sukha-kāya, 12, 167, 192 Mahā-sukha-samādhi, 134n Mahā-sukha-yāna, 149n mahā-sādhana, 167 Mahā-sattva, 92 Mahā-saṅgha, 6 Mahāsāṅghika, (sāṅghi), 6, 167-68 mahā-śūnya, 51-52, 126 Mahāvīreśvara, 57, 134n Mahāyāna, 1-9, 12, 15-18, 37, 41-42, 54, 60, 63, 79, 82. 85, 90, 98-99, 146-47, 151, 158, 171, 188, 190, 209, 213 Mahāyāna-sūtras, 36 Mahāyānic, 41, 61, 190 Mahāyānists, 7, 12, 14, 89, 200 Mahāyoga-tantra-yāna, 71n maithuna, 128 Maitreya, 14, 18, 27, 62, 97 maitrī, 83, 166 Mantra(s), 50, 56, 61, 63, 65-70, 79-87, 93, 104, 178, 184-85, 187, 203, 204n Mantra-charms, 73 Mantra-naya, 42, 60 Mantra-śāstra, 60 Mantra-tattva, 167 Mantra-yāna, 60-61, 71n, 72 Mantra-yoga, 184 Mañjuśrī, 56 Maṇḍala, 61-62, 69, 74, 83, 93, 104, 109, 109n, 110n, 177 Maṇipura (cakra), 158, 158n, 162n, 163, 166, 178, 189n Mass produced through the union of Śiva and Śakti, 129 Matrix element, 109, 110n Mādhyamika(s), 17-21, 27, 41-42, 62, 146, 179-80 Māmakī, 97, 128, 130, 165-66 Mānuṣī Buddha, 14 māraṇa, 80 Māricī, 82 mātrikā, 68 māyā, 111, 186 māyā-puruṣa, 22 māyopama meditation, 127 māyopamā-dvaya-vāda, 41 Mental constructions, 146 Mental complexes, 32 merudaṇḍa, 161-62 Microcosm, 161 Middle nerve, 174 Middle path, 27, 190 Mīmāṃsā theory of śabda, 67 Modification of consciousness, 32 moha kula, 78, 97 mohana, 80 Moments, 122, 166, 166n Moon, 121-22, 170, 172-73, 186, 188n, 189 Moon in the forehead, 193 Moral virtues, 201 muditā, 83, 166 Mudrā(s), 61, 63, 69, 69n, 70, 80, 83, 93, 95, 97, 102, 102n, 104, 109, 110n, 113, 165, 177, 177n, 178, 187, 187n, 188n, 203, 204n mūla-bandha, 188n Mūlādhāra-cakra, 110n, 162n, 166, 195 Mystic circles, 57, 61-62, 69, 177; practices, 115n; syllables, 63, 67; union, 109

c13.20

Nairātmā, 112, 180-81, 155, 171, 174, 190 nartaki (Prajñā as), 114 Natural path, 198 Navel region, 189, 189n nāda, 63, 169n Nāḍīs, 188n Nāgārjuna, 18, 20-23, 36, 44, 62, 102, 146, 200 Nāgārjuna-pāda, 51, 116, 149 Nāthism, 72 Negativists, 44 Nepalese Buddhism, 107, 109 Nerve system, 169

c13.21

Nihil, 49 Nihilism, 82, 86 Nihilistic, 43 niḥsvabhāva, 28 Nikāya(s), 167-68 Nirākāra-vādins, 41 nirmāṇa-cakra, 128, 158, 165-68, 168n, 178, 192, 195 nirmāṇa-kāya, 18-15, 106, 163, 167, 169n, 171 nirupādhi-śeṣa, 126, 146 nirupādhi-śeṣa samādhi, 56 nirvāṇa, 7-8, 11-14, 22-23, 37, 43-45, 48, 55-56, 56n, 79, 99-100, 102, 116, 118, 142-51, 158-59, 161, 177, 186, 190, 192-93, 207; dhātu, 148, 149; without any residual substratum, 146; with some residual substratum, 146 niṣprapañca, 191 nivṛtti, 3, 107-8, 110, 111n, 125 Non-affirmation (adhyāropa), 30 Non-causality, 21 Non-dual, 3, 28, 30, 49-50, 130, 140n, 153; knowledge, 154-55, 202; nature, 156, 202; quintessence, 152; substance, 202n; truth, 155; union, 130; Non-duality, 3, 11, 93, 100, 104, 112, 127, 154-55, 164 Non-enlightenment, 26 Non-ens, 23 Non-negation (anapavāda), 30 Non-phenomenon, 191 Non-subjectivity, 126 Non-substantial nature, 21 Non-void, 26, 44 Nyāya-tantra, 2 Nyāya-vaiśeṣika, 4

c13.22

Objectivity, 23, 27-35, 44, 87, 95, 99n, 104, 171 Objectless consciousness, 30 Oneness of the transcendental emotion, 189 Oneness of the universe, 188 Oneness underlying phenomena, 147 Ovum, 129 pabbajjā, 176 Padma, 70, 82, 166, 185 Padma-narteśvara, 94n Padma-nātha, 188 Padma-pāṇi, 97 Padma-vajra (god), 79, (author), 188 Pali Buddhism, 5 palita, 169n Pandit Advaya-vajra, 41 pañcābhijñatva, 187 pañca-bhūta, 94-95 pañca-kāma, 181 pañca-kāma-guṇa, 70 pañca-makāra, 70, 70n pañca-tathāgata, 96 para (nerve), 169n parabhāva, 20 paramā-nanda, 158, 158n, 157, 167, 191-98 paramārtha, 16 parameśvarī, 164 paratantra, 85, 51 paratantra-svabhāva, 85 parikalpita, 85, 52 parinirvāṇa, 9 pariniṣpanna, 85, 52 pariniṣpatti, 85 Parṇa-śavarī, 82 Patañjali, 65 Pāṇḍarā, 78, 97, 123n, 180, 165-66 pāramārthika, 101, 179 pāramitā, 10, 13, 80, 80n, 82 Pāramitā-naya, 42, 60-61 Pārvatī, 130, 132 Pātañjala-yoga, 147 Perfect bliss, 148, 160, 192-93 Perfect enlightenment, 10, 78-79, 127, 150, 174, 181, 198, 205n ; knowledge, 9, 71, 100, 155, 177, 192, 200, 204 ; medium, 161 ; union, 43 ; vacuity, 112, 212 ; void, 58-54, 89 ; wisdom, 55, 92, 98, 152-53 Perfectly enlightened one, 98, 157, 204n Perfectly motionless, 196 Physiological analysis, 161 piṅgalā, 118-19, 164, 169, 196n, 170, 178, 188n pitta, 178 Plexus, 67, 161-68, 195-96

c13.23

prabhākari, 11, 82 Prajñā, 8, 11, 44, 46, 51-52, 64, 69n, 75-76, 76n, 82, 88, 96, 98, 100-26, 180-41, 149n, 152, 158n, 154, 165, 169, 169n, 171, 175, 177-78, 187, 200, 204, 204n, 206-11, 218 prajñā-bhiṣeka, 176-77 prajñā-jñānā-bhiṣeka, 177 Prajñā-pāramitā, 14, 68-64, 98, 114, 116, 180 prajñā-pāramitā-mantra, 64 prajñā-pustaka, 82 Prajñā-vardhinī, 82 prajño-pāya, 70, 104, 171 prakāśa-mātra-tanu, 129 prakṛti (nerve), 169n prakṛti-doṣa, 52-58 prakṛti-prabhāsvara, 88 pramuditā, 11, 82 praṇava, 65 praṇidhi, 166 prati-saṃkhyā nirodha, 146 pratītya-samutpāda, 18-19 pratyayodbhava, 84-85 pratyavekṣaṇa-jñāna, 95n pratyāhāra, 181, 181n, 187 Pratyeka-Buddha, 9, 13, 16 Pratyeka-Buddha-yāna, 9, 16, 41, 71n pravṛtti, 3, 107-11 Prājñikas, 108 prāṇa, 74, 169n, 173, 184, 188n, 189n prāṇa-vāyu, 74, 182 prāṇāyāma, 181-87 Presiding deities, 159, 165 Presiding goddess, 168n, 165 Primal Enlightenment, 93 Primal Lord, 95 Primitive Buddhism, 142 Primordial substance, 107 Principle of defilement, 186-87, 182 Principle of impurities, 58 Principle of purity, 177 Principle of union, 125, 128-29 prīti (dhyāna), 181 Provisional truth (saṃvṛti-satya), 19, 126 Pṛthag-jana, 78 pṛthivī (nerve), 162n Psycho-physical practices, 158 pudgala (puggala), 145, 177 pudgala-nairātmya, 82-83, 126

c13.24

Pure consciousness, 15, 88, 85, 87, 76, 87, 95, 147-49, 164 ; effulgence, 195 ; vacuity, 45 ; wisdom, 102 Puruṣa, 170 ; (nerve), 169n pūraka, 184

c13.25

rajakī (Prajñā as), 114 rajas, 169n, 170 rakṣā, 65 rakta, 111, 169n rasanā, 118-19, 121, 164-65, 169-78 Ratna-ketu, 94, 99n Ratna-nātha, 64n, 82, 94, 188 Ratna-pāṇi, 97 Ratna-sambhava, 64, 94, 95n, 97, 99n, 180, 159, 178, 177 ravi, 169n rāga, 108, 105, 185-40 rāga-kula, 78, 97 Rāhu, 178 Rāja-vajra, 94n rākiṇī, 163n, 166 Realisation of the void (nairātmya-darśana), 48 recaka, 184 Receptacle mind, 26 Red matter, 129 Reflected awareness, 80 Refulgent body, 18 retas (nerve), 169n Right nerve, 125 Root-instincts, 26, 28, 83-84, 147 rūpa, 82, 47, 94, 94n, 97 rūpa-dhātu, 46

c13.26

Sacral plexus, 162 Sacro-coccygeal plexus sad-dharma, 13 Sahaja, 68, 74, 77, 185, 188, 141, 149, 149n, 158, 198-94, 203-4 ; —bliss, 112, 181, 186, 157, 164, 170, 191, 194 ; —damsel, 113, 171, 174 ; —form, 180n; —kāya, 12, 90, 163; —nature, 178, 180n, 186, 198, 202 ; —prema, 107 ; —sundarī, 190 ; —tanu, 105n ; —yāna, 61, 71, 77, 90, 158-59 ; —yānists, 148 Sahajānanda, 167, 191-98 Sahajiyā, 60, 77 ; Buddhist school, 60 ; sect, 90 ; school, 77-78 sahajoli, 188n

c13.27

sahasrāra (-padma), 110n, 156, 162-63, 170, 189 sallakṣaṇa, 28 Samanta-bhadra, 97 samarasa, 188-41, 211, 217 samatā-jñāna, 95n, 177 samaya, 92 ; —kula, 97 ; —mudrā, 128n, 165, 191 ; —sattva, 92 Samādhi, 137, 181, 181n, 187 ; —kāya, 14 ; —mudrā, 97 samāna, 184 sambhoga-cakra, 123, 158, 164, 166, 192 ; —kāya, 12-15, 106, 124, 168, 167, 169n, 171 sambodhi, 79 sambuddha, 98 Sameness (samatā), 24, 26 samprajñāta-samādhi, 147 samyak sambuddha, 7 saṃjñā, 94, 94n, 97 saṃkleśa, 29 saṃsāra, 28, 26, 43-45, 55, 125, 143, 154 saṃskāra, 31, 94, 94n, 97, 101, 143 saṃvidi, 168 ; —vāda, 167-68 saṃvṛta, 124, 179 saṃvṛti (-tti), 126, 184 ; —satya, 179 Sanskrit Buddhism, 5 Saṅgīti, 91, 91n, 122, 130, 183 saṅkrānti, 167 Saraha-pāda, 59, 99, 115, 213 sarasvatī, 170 Sarva-buddha-kroṣatī, 82 sarva-dharmā-pratiṣṭhāna-vāda, 41 sarva-śūnya, 51, 58, 126 Sarvāsti, 172 ; —vāda, 167-68 ; —vādins, 27 sattva (guṇa), 170 Sautrāntika(s), 17, 41-42, 145-46 savupādhi-sesa-nibbāṇa, 146 sādhana (-nas, -nā), 1-2, 49-50, 55, 57n, 69, 78, 81, 83-85, 111, 118, 124-25, 130-31, 160, 167, 176-77, 190-91, 212-13 sādhumati, 11, 82 Sākāra-vādins, 41 sāmarasya, 141 Sāṃkhya, 4, 19, 94, 111 ; —tantra, 2 Seed, 129 Self-particularisation, 26 Self-produced knowledge, 165

c13.28

Self-realisation, 139 Self-sufficient nature, 21 sevā, 167 Sexo-yogic practice (s), 57n, 62, 74, 185-87, 158, 160, 185, 197-98 Shingon sect, 109 Siddhâcāryas, 58, 59n, 118, 175 sita bindu, 129 Six parts of yoga, 181, 181n Six Tathāgatas, 176 Sixteen digits of the moon, 164, 193 skandha(s), 94-97, 99n, 159, 165 smṛti, 24, 24n, 26, 126 soma (nerve), 169n sopādhiśeṣa, 126, 146 Sorceries, 70 Sound vibration, 203 Southern Buddhism, 5 Spinal cord, 161-62, 170 stambhana, 80 State of bliss, 167 State of union, 3, 14 Sthavira-vāda, 167-68 Sthāvarī, 168 sthira (nerve), 169n Sthiramati, 27 sthūla (nerve), 169n Subjectivity, 23, 25, 27-35, 76, 79, 87, 95, 99n, 104, 171 Subliminial mind-store, 30 Successional series, 21 Suchness, 23, 25, 101 sudurjayā, 11, 82 sukha, 152-53, 181 sukha-cakra, 168 Sukhāvatī, 149, 156-57 Sun, 121-22, 170, 172, 186, 188n Supernatural knowledge, 187 Supreme Being, 90 Supreme bliss, 49, 116, 144, 151-58, 165, 179 Supreme realisation, 100 suṣumnā, 118, 169-73 suṣupta, 194 suviśuddha-dharma-dhātu-jñāna, 95n sūkṣma (nerve), 169n sūrya, 169, 169n Sūtra(s), 17, 68 svabhāva, 21 Svabhāva-kāya, 12 svalakṣaṇa, 23, 30 Svābhāvika, 107

c13.29

Svābhāvika school, 107-8 svadhi-daivata-yoga, 92 Svādhiṣṭhāna, 98, 126 svādhiṣṭhāna-cakra, 162n, 166 svādhiṣṭhāna-citta, 52 svātantrya, 189 śabdas, 68 Śaiva Tantras, 128 Śakti(s), 3, 78, 95, 110-12, 119, 129-32, 136, 141, 168n, 169n, 170, 172, 189-90 śaśin (nerve), 169n Śavara, 61 śākinī, 163n, 166 Śākta Tantra, 128 Śākyamuni, 69 Śākyasiṃha Buddha, 14 Śānti-pāda, 214n Śiva, 3, 108, 110-12, 129-30, 132, 141, 163n, 169n, 172 śoṇa-bindu, 129 Śrāvaka, 9, 13, 16; —yāna, 9, 16, 41, 71n Śrī Heruka, 65 Śrī-kāla-cakra, 54, 152n Śrīman-mahāsukha, 155 śukra, 169n Śūnyatā, 3, 10, 15, 25, 28-31, 36-37, 42, 44, 48, 64, 75-76, 78, 86-88, 91, 96, 98-106, 111-12, 116-21, 124, 128, 132-34, 141, 147-48, 153n, 155, 170-71, 173, 178, 182; —doctrine, 22, 51, 54; —essence, 88; —jñāna, 98; —knowledge, 96, 115n; —nature, 31, 93, 182; —perception, 111; —perspective, 181; —yāna, 87 Śūnyavāda, 4, 16-18, 36, 50 Śūnyavādins, 18, 35, 37 Ṣaḍakṣarī-lokeśvarī-sādhanam, 50, 56 ṣaḍaṅga-yoga, 181

c13.30

tamas, 169n, 170 tanmātra, 94-95 Tao, 110; —ism, 110-11; —ists, 111 tarka, 181n Tathāgata(s), 13, 47, 64n, 88, 99n, 181, 183; —vigraha, 13 tathatā, 18, 28- 25-27, 31, 35, 101, 106, 109; —doctrine, 147; —garbha, 109; —nature, 37; —rūpa, 12; —vāda, 18n, 23, 37 tattva(s), 77, 133, 137, 161, 166, 167, 174; —bhāvanā, 44, 104; —jñāna, 46 Tāntric esoterism, 86; —practices, 80; —rituals, 70; —theology, 4 Tāntricism, 2, 3, 61, 70, 71 Tārā, 97, 165-66 Tei, 110 Ten Buddhas, 178 Thatness, 12, 23, 24, 31, 49, 106, 109, 126, 147 Thera, 6; —vāda, 168 Three elements, 201 Three kāyas (tri-kāya), 12, 14-15, 37, 75, 90, 104, 163, 171 Thought-construction, 48-50, 99n, 140, 149-51, 174, 191, 202n, 207, 212 Thunder-element, 109 Thunder or void girl, 81 Thunder woman, 157, 203n Thunderbolt vehicle, 72 Tillo-pāda, 59n, 112, 191 Totality of the universe, 147 Totality of things (bhūta-koṭi), 31 trailokya-vijaya, 61 Transcendental bliss; 156; existence (bhāva-mātra), 28; state, 211 Transformation Body, 15 Transformation of consciousness, 33-34 Transforming the sex-pleasure, 160 Transubstantiate, 190 Transubstantiated divine body, 196 tri-dhātu, 201 tri-koṇākāra-yantra, 108n tri-veṇī, 170 turīya, 194 Tuṣita heaven, 62 Two veils, 35

c13.31

uccāṭana, 80 udāna, 184 uḍḍiyāna-bandha, 188n Ultimate element, 155; —intention (abhiprāya), 32; —nature, 154, 179, 180n, 216; —reality, 175; —state, 158; —substance, 107, 159; —truth, 126, 156, 161 Uncompromising negativists, 36 Uncompromising nihilism, 15 Underlying oneness, 138 Undisturbed oneness, 211

c13.32

Union of wisdom with matter, 110 Universal compassion, 7-9, 46, 54, 58, 83, 98, 125, 166, 200, 204 Universalisation of the self, 199 upa-hṛdaya, 65 upa-nāḍī, 169 Upaniṣads, 36-38, 65, 146, 160; —ṣadic, 38, 90 Upaniṣadic monism, 4, 18 upapatti, 82 upasampadā, 176 upa-sevā, 167 upāya, 3, 51-52, 76, 76n, 100-26, 135-41, 149n, 152, 153n, 154, 165, 169, 169n, 171, 177-78, 187, 200, 204, 204n, 206, 208, 209-13 upāya-kauśalya, 102n upekṣā, 83, 166 Upper Tantra, 71n uṣṇīṣa-kamala, 156, 158, 162-63, 165, 177, 188, 188n, 195 Uṣṇīṣa-vijayā, 82

c13.33

Vacuity, 44, 46, 112, 113, 202, 216-17 Vaibhāṣika, 17, 41 Vairocana, 14, 64, 64n, 78, 94, 94n, 95n, 97, 99n, 109, 130, 159, 173, 177 Vaiṣṇava Sahajiyā, 173 Vaiṣṇava Tantra, 72n Vajra, 52, 70, 78, 80-83, 86-87, 92, 117-18, 127, 153, 153n, 177; —bhairava, 78; —bhāskarī, 81; —cetanī, 81; —dhara, 98, 124, 130-31, 148, 155; —dhātu, 109, 110n; —dhātvīśvarī, 78, 81, 97, 130; —humkarī, 81; —jñāna, 48, 177; —jāpa, 185; —kanyā, 81, 113; —kāya, 12, 89-90; —khecarī 81; —knowledge, 134; —mohinī, 81; —nature, 78, 81, 198; —nārī, 203n; —nātha, 183; —pāṇi, 47, 97; —rasanī, 81; —rūpiṇī, 81; —sarasvatī-sādhanam, 114n; —sattva, 64, 75-76, 86-91, 93, 96, 98, 100, 124-25, 127, 130-31, 137, 148, 152-53, 155, 173; —sattvahood, 187; —sattvātmikā, 98; —sparśinī, 81; —sūrya, 94n; —tārā, 78; —tārā-sādhanam, 50; —trāsani, 81; —threads, 181; —vairocana, 130; —vārāhī, 81, 98, 130-31; vikāśinī, 81; —vilāsinī; —virāsinī, 81; —yāna, 46, 61, 70-75, 77-82, 86-87, 90-91, 93, 149n, 155, 158-59, 202, 212; —yānists, 12, 60, 80, 87-90, 148, 205-06; —yoṣit, 133, 157 Vajra, 170 Vajrābhiṣeka, 176 Vajrācārya, 72 Vajrāsana-sādhana, 83 Vajrāsanī, 81 Vajreśvarī, 81 vajroli, 188n vajroṇi-mudrā, 188n vajropama-meditation, 127 vaṃ, 169, 169n varada mudrā, 97 varṇa, 67-68 Vasubandhu, 18, 27, 31, 66, 67, 147 Vasumatī, 82 vaśīkaraṇa, 80 vāhana, 95, 97, 182 vāma, 119, 169n Vārāhī, 56-57, 107, 131, 134n, 155 vāsanā, 24, 26, 28, 31-34, 101, 126, 143 vāyu, 52-53, 173, 182; -tattva, 182 vedanā, 94, 94n, 97 Vedānta, 4, 35-36, 39, 111; -tins, 27n, 85-86; -tists, 179; -tic, 16, 90, 111; -tic monism, 18 Vehicle of great bliss, 149n Veils of subjectivity, 192 vicāra, 181 vicitra, 166, 191, 194 vidveṣaṇa, 80 vihāra, 169 vijñapti, 32 vijñapti-mātratā, 15, 33, 87, 147-48 vijñāna, 24, 28, 42, 94, 94n, 96-97; -pariṇāma, 33; -vāda, 4, 17, 23, 27, 50, 50n, 95, 147-48, 168; -vādins, 15, 18, 23, 27n, 33, 35, 37, 87, 90, 148 vilakṣaṇa, 167, 191, 194 vimalā, 11, 82 vimarda, 166, 191, 194 vimarśa, 129 vipāka, 166, 191, 194 viramānanda, 153, 153n, 157, 167, 191-93 virāga, 105n, 185, 140, 140n, 180n viśuddha-cakra, 162n, 163, 166

c13.34

viśva-padma, 164 Viśva-pāṇi, 97 Viśva-rūpa jewel, 211 Viśva-vajra-mudrā, 97 viśva-varṇa-kamala, 84n Vital wind, 185-88 vitarka, 181 vivṛta, 124, 179, 180n vidyā, 169n Void (śūnya), 1-10, 13, 15, 17, 23, 25, 27-28, 30, 42, 48, 51-53, 64, 81, 84, 87, 99n, 128, 139, 154, 186, 204, 212-13; -consciousness, 96; -element, 134, 153; -mind, 112; -nature, 66, 147, 202 Vow of renunciation, 176 Vowels, 121, 172-73 vyavadāna, 29 vyāna, 184 vyāvahārika, 179

c13.35

Wheel of time, 73 Whirl of time, 74 White matter, 129 Womb of the Tathāgata (tathāgatagarbha), 26 World force, 189 World illusion, 186

c13.36

yabyum, 109, 130 yamunā, 169-71 yantra, 108n, 161 Yāna(s), 15-16, 82, 104 Yātnika school, 107n yin-yang, 109-10 Yoga, 11; -philosophy, 65, 72; -sādhana, 178; -tantra, 71n, 79; -tantra-yāna, 71n Yoga with six parts, 181 Yogācāra, 16-18, 27, 37, 41-42, 62 Yogācārins, 39, 41-42 Yogic circle, 203n, 204n; -practices, 41, 49-50, 69n, 81, 156, 158, 174-75, 177, 180n, 184, 191, 202n; -processes, 189, 202n; -union, 178 Yoginī, 113, 174 Yogopaniṣads, 169 yoni-mudrā, 188n yuganaddha, 126-28, 140, 202 yuvatī, 113

c13.37

The *fraternities* of the Middle Ages, which were so numerous and so varied in their objects, were not all of the same origin. Some were religious, some social, some charitable, and some industrial. The religious guilds, or *gilds*, as they were often called, were associations of laymen for the purpose of performing religious duties, such as the maintenance of a chaplain, the celebration of masses, or the support of a hospital. The social guilds were formed for the purpose of mutual aid and good fellowship, and often included in their objects the relief of the poor, the sick, and the aged. The charitable guilds were established for the purpose of supporting hospitals, almshouses, and other institutions of mercy. The industrial guilds, or *craft guilds*, were associations of men engaged in the same trade or industry, and were formed for the purpose of regulating the trade, protecting the interests of the members, and maintaining the quality of their work.

c13.38

The craft guilds, which became so powerful in the later Middle Ages, were the successors of the earlier *collegia* of the Roman Empire. The *collegia* were associations of artisans and tradesmen, which were recognized by the state and had a legal existence. When the Roman Empire fell, these associations were largely destroyed, but the idea of association for mutual protection and the regulation of trade survived. In the early Middle Ages, the *gilds* began to reappear, and by the twelfth century they were firmly established in many of the cities of Europe.

c13.39

The craft guilds were organized on a democratic basis, and every member had a voice in the management of the guild's affairs. The officers were elected by the members, and the rules and regulations were made by the guild as a whole. The guilds had the power to fix prices, to regulate the hours of labor, and to determine the conditions of apprenticeship. They also had the power to punish members who violated the rules, and to expel those who were guilty of serious offenses. The guilds were thus a powerful force in the economic life of the Middle Ages, and they played an important part in the development of the modern industrial system.

c13.40

The decline of the craft guilds began in the sixteenth century, when the rise of the factory system and the growth of international trade made it difficult for the small, local guilds to compete with the larger and more efficient industrial organizations. The guilds were also weakened by the growth of the power of the state, which began to regulate trade and industry directly, and by the rise of the capitalist class, which sought to break the power of the guilds and to establish a system of free competition. By the end of the eighteenth century, the craft guilds had largely disappeared, but their influence lived on in the trade unions and other labor organizations of the modern world.