[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Religion and philosophy](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion) › [Early Monastic Buddhism](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.dutt-1941) › v1.c19.s4.1 # Early Monastic Buddhism v1.c19.s4.1 Early Monastic Buddhism v1.c19.s4.1 - **Language:** English ### [v1.c19.s4.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.dutt-1941.v1.c19.s4.1) There were two ceremonies of ordination, the first made the desiring entrant a \*sāmaṇera\* by conferring \*pabbajjā\*, which literally means ‘going out from home to homeless life’ and the second known as \*upasampadā\* made the \*sāmaṇera\* a regular member of the order—a \*bhikkhu\*. A newly ordained \*bhikkhu\* was required to take \*nissaya\*, that is, he had to be dependent on a teacher, for training. The teacher should be a competent monk, whose duty was to make his ward observe and practise the Vinaya rules. Before the ceremony of ordination (\*upasampadā\*) could be performed, the monk must have training for at least ten years and at the same time must prove himself fit and proper for membership of the Sangha.¹ - [Previous: v1.c19.s3.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.dutt-1941.v1.c19.s3.5) - [Next: v1.c19.s4.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.dutt-1941.v1.c19.s4.2) - [Up: v1.c19.s4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.dutt-1941.v1.c19.s4) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.dutt-1941.v1.c19.s4.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.religion.dutt-1941.v1.c19.s4.1) · Pramāṇa