The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads v1.c5: Transliteration
The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads v1.c5
- Language
- English
Transliteration
v1.c5.1
The system of transliteration adopted by W. D. Whitney in his *Sanskrit Grammar* and C. R. Lanman in his *Sanskrit Reader* has been followed. For purposes of pronunciation the vowels may be treated as in Italian, but *a* is analogous to the sound in English ‘but’. The consonants may be pronounced as in English, the diacritical marks being ignored, except in the following cases: *c* is similar to *ch* in church: *ç* and *ṣ* are approximately *sh* in shun: *s* is always surd as in sun: *ṁ* or *ṅ* is a nasalization of the preceding vowel: the aspirates like *th* are pronounced approximately like *th* in pothook. The letter *ṛ* may be taken as nearly *ri*. Similarly *ḷ* is *li* or *lri*.
v1.c5.2
The complete alphabet is as follows: vowels: a ā i ī u ū ṛ ṝ ḷ e ai o au; gutturals: k kh g gh ṅ; palatals: c ch j jh ñ; domals: ṭ ṭh ḍ ḍh ṇ; dentals: t th d dh n; labials: p ph b bh m; semivowels: y r l v; further: ṅ ṁ ḥ.