The Ayodhya Temple-Mosque Dispute: Focus on Muslim Sources c4: The General Scheme of Transliteration
The Ayodhya Temple-Mosque Dispute: Focus on Muslim Sources c4
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The General Scheme of Transliteration
c4.1
| Roman | Devanāgarī | Arabic | Persian |
| a | अ | ا | |
| ā | आ | آ | |
| ai | ऐ | | |
| au | औ | | |
| aw | | او | |
| ' | ऽ (अवग्रह) | ء | |
| ‘ | | ع | |
| b | ब | ب | |
| bh | भ | | |
| c | च | | چ |
| ch | छ | | |
| chh | | | |
| d | द | د | |
| ḍ | ड/ड़ | ض | |
| dh | ध | ذ | |
| ḍh | ढ/ढ़ | | |
| e | ए | | |
| f | | ف | |
| g | ग | | گ |
| gh | घ | غ | |
| h | ह | ھ | |
| ḥ | ः | ح | |
| i | इ | ی | |
| ī | ई | ی | |
| j | ज | ج | |
| jh | झ | | |
| jñ | ज्ञ | | |
| k | क | ک | |
c4.2
| Roman | Devanāgarī | Arabic | Persian* |
| kh | ख | خ | |
| l | ल | ل | |
| m | म | م | |
| ṁ | nasal | | |
| n | न | ن | |
| ṅ | ङ | | |
| ṇ | ण | | |
| ñ | ञ | | |
| o | ओ | او، ضمّه | |
| p | प | | پ |
| ph | फ | | |
| q | | ق | |
| r | र | ر | |
| ṛ | ऋ | | |
| s | स | س | |
| ś | श | ش | |
| ṣ | ष | ص | |
| sh | | | |
| t | त | ت | |
| ṭ | | ط | |
| th | थ | ث | |
| ṭh | ठ | | |
| u | उ | ضمّه، او | |
| ū | ऊ | او | |
| v | व | | |
| w | | و | |
| x | | | |
| y | य | ی | |
| z | | ز | |
| ẓ | | ظ | |
| z̤ | | | ژ |
c4.3
\* See the preface first