Education in Ancient India c18.3

Language: English

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Agrahâra; a village of learned Brahmana colonists. Alberuni ; Arabic A., c. 1025 A. D. Āpastamba D. S.; c. 400 B. C. Arthaśāstra of Kauṭilya, c. 300 B. C. Aśramas : four stages of life. Bāṇa ; poet, c. 625 A. D. Brāhmaṇa literature consists of explanations and commentaries on the Vedas ; c. 1500 B. C. to 1000 B. C. Bhāskarāchārya : A. ; c. 1150 A. D. Bhavabhūti ; poet ; c. 725 A. D. Bhoja ; Baramara king, c. 1025 A.D. Brahmachāri ; student observing celibacy. Brahmacharya, the state of a Brahmachāri. Buddha died in c 487 B. C. Chālukya Dynasty, Later ; 973 to A. D. Charaka ; An author on medicine, c 80 A. D. Chandragupta Maurya, c. 300 B.C. Chandragupta Gupta ; c. 400 A.D. Divākarasena ; sage, c. 610 A. D. Diddā ; Q. c. 1000 A. D. Dharmasūtras ; c. 600 B. C. to 400 B. C. Fa Hsien ; Chinese pilgrim in India in c. 400 A. D. Gāthāsaptaśatī ; c. 4th century A. D. Gauḍapāda ; philosopher, c. 700 A. D. Gautama D S., c. 400 B. C. Gāyatrī Mantra ; see p. 278. Grihyasūtras ; c. 700 B. C. to 500 B. C. Gupta age ; c. 300 to 500 A. D. Gurukula, see p. 132. Harsha ; K. ; 606-647 A. D. Harshacharit, c. 625 A. D. Hinayāna ; a branch of Buddhism, advocating its earlier philosophy. Its literature is mostly in Pali. Homa ; sacrifice to gods. Indo-Iranian age ; c. 2500 B. C. Ikshvāku dynasty of Andhra country, c. 200 A. D. I-sing ; chinese traveller in India in c. 675 A. D. Janaka ; K. in Upanishads ; c. 1200 B. C. Jātaka period ; c. 500 B. C. Jayachandra ; K, c. 1200 B. C. Kadamba dynasty ; c.

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300 A. D. to 600 A. D. Kālidāsa ; 4th century A. D. according to some and 1st century B. C. according to others. Kanishka ; K. c. 100 A. D. Kaṇva Dynasty ; c. 50 B. C. Karman theory holds that we become what we deserve to be by our past actions. Katha republic : c. 800 B. C. Kauṭilya ; author of the Arthaśāstra ; c. 300 B. C. Kumāragupta ; K. ; 425 A. D. Lakshmaṇasena : K. of Bengal ; c. 1200 A. D. Mahāyāna ; a later school of Buddhism, which deified the Buddha and wrote its works in Sanskrit. Mahâbhârata; book; c. 300 B. C. Mahâbhârata war; c. 1400 B. C. Mâlatimâdhava drama; c. 725 A.D. Mâlava republic; c. 300 B. C. to 200 A. D. Mandanamisra; A. c. 800 A D. Mantra; sacred verse or formula. Manusmriti; c. 300 B. C. Mauryan age; 325 to 190 B. C. Milindapañha a book; c. 1st century B. C. or A. D. Mimânsâ school of philosophy deals with Vedic exegis and sacrifices. Muñja; K. c. 980 A. D. Nâgârjuna; Mahâyâna philosopher, c. 150 A. D. Naishthika Brahmachâri observed celibacy to the end of his life. Nirukta; a work on Vedic exegis; c. 700 B. C. Nyâya philosophy mainly deals with the problems of logic. Pallava dynasty; c. 300 to 750 A. D. Pânini; famous grammarian; c. 6th century B. C. Pâthasâla; Sanskrit school. Patwari; village accountant. Punarjanma; rebirth Purânas were given their present form in c. 350 A. D., though there are some later additions too. Râmâyana; c. 200 B C. Râjasekhara; poet; c. 900 A. D. Sâlivâhana dynasty; also known as Sâtavâhana dynasty c. 200 B. C.

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to 200 A. D. Samâvartana ceremony; at the end of the education course. Samgha; Buddhist order of monks. Sâmkhya philosophy is atheistic and advocates that matter and souls are the two entities. Sandhyâ; morning and evening Vedic prayer. Sankarâchârya, the great Advaitic philosopher; c. 800 A. D. Sanskâra; ritual. Sibi republic in c. 300 B. C. Sindhurâja; K. c. 1000 A. D. Smritis; metrical books on sacred law; c. 300 B. C. to 800 A. D. Snâna; see Samâvartana. Srâddha; oblations offered to a dead ancestor on the date of his death. Sugandhâ; Q. of Kashmir, c. 900 A. D. Sunga dynasty; c. 190 to 80 B.C. Susruta; a work on medicine. Tol; a Sanskrit school on traditional lines. Upâkarma; see App. I C. Upanayana ceremony for initiating a student into Vedic studies. Upanishadic period; c. 1200 to 800 B. C. Uttararâmacharit drama; c. 725 A. D. Utsarjana; see App. I, C. Vaiseshika philosophy mainly deals with atomism and logic. Vasubandhu; Mahâyâna philosopher, c. 300 A. D. Vedângas; see App. IV. Vedânta philosophy; mainly based on Upanishads and amplified by Sankara, Râmânuja and others. Vikramâditya VI, Châlukya emperor, c. 1100 A. D. Vrata; a religious vow. Yama Smriti; c. 7th century A.D. Yoga philosophy concentrates on meditation and Prânâyâma. Yuan Chwang; Chinese pilgrim in India in c. 640 A. D.