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History of Technology in India, Vol. I: From Antiquity to c. 1200 A.D. v1.c27.s3.t6: Judgement of Prognosis

History of Technology in India, Vol. I: From Antiquity to c. 1200 A.D. v1.c27.s3.t6

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English

Judgement of Prognosis

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Eye symptoms of horses as revealed in Śālihotra’s *Aśvaśāstra* is also an interesting piece of information. Terminology used is *Vāta*, *Pita* and *Kapha*. As a background information, Sircar represents Vata as Nervous disorders, Pita as Metabolic disorders and Kapha as organic trouble to tissues. Śālihotra recommends that the eyes should be fully opened for examination at the inner canthus. Index to prognosis from eye symptoms is given in *Table 8*. Other aspects dealt in *Asvavaidyakam* are given in *Table 9*.

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| Table 8 — Prognosis of horses from eye symptoms | |
| Dry and glassy | Vāta |
| Yellow and dark pink | Pita |
| White and watery | Kapha |
| Dark yellow | Fever |
| Peticeae | Death in 6 months |
| Bluish tint and discharge like honey | Death in 2 months |
| Conjunctiva blood diseased by Pita, Lachrymation is of blood tint and conjunctiva is pale | Immediate death |
| Bluish yellow tint in conjunctiva | Death in 3 months |
| Streaks of various colours on conjunctiva | particularly during cold season |
| Watery golden discharge | Death in 10 months |
| Conjunctiva bluish tint | Vāta—Death in 3 months |
| Pita affected animals | eyes acquire a colour similar to that of *Curcuma longum* (Halakuṇḍa) |
| Appearance of colour on conjunctiva in early part of a season | Death in 7 days |
| Pita affected animals one eye blue and eyelid inside is dark black | Death in 1 month |
| Inner canthus of both the eyes dark red or dry or dots similar to those on peacock feathers, black or disquamation of epithelium on different parts of eyes | Immediate death |

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| Table 9 — Aspects dealt with in unavailable parts of Aśvavaidyakam | |
| Chapter | Aspects dealt |
| 8 | Treatment of sterility |
| 9 | Pregnancy |
| 10 | Nursing of newborn and its mother |
| 11 | Weights and measures |
| 13 | Housing and rearing according to seasons |

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| Chapter | Aspects dealt |
| 14 | Cauterisation |
| 15, 16 | Enema with medicinal extracts/oleogenous drugs |
| 17 | Drug administration through nose |
| 18 | Modes of sweating |
| 19 | Oleogenous drenches |
| 20, 21 | Preparation of medicated oils and ghees |
| 22 | Care of animals after exercise |
| 23 | Three signs of prognosticating deaths |
| 24 - 68 | Glanders (*Mrgroga*), diseases due to variation of *Vāta*, Diseases in order from mouth and eyes onwards, well known diseases of eyes viz., Opacity (*Kācam*), Tumors (*Pracaram*), Conjunctivitis (*Raktam*), formation of membrane on the eyes (*Paṭalam*), Filaria oculi(*Muñja jalam*), diseases of brain arising from *Vāyu*, *Pīta* and Kapha and combination of them (*Sannipāta*), excessive pressure of blood. |

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Apte, M.S. (Ed) : *Śālihotra’s Aśvaśāstra*, *INAR*, **15**, 415-420.

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*Aśvavaidyakam* of Jayadatta Suri, (Edited by) U.C. Gupta, Asiatic Society, Calcutta, 1887; 463 Slokas out of 1800 also brought out by N.N. Majumdar, *INAR*, **1**, 64-67 118-123, 3, 221-26, 4, 142-50, 234-241, 5, 271- 76, 15, 209-214; 16, 28-31, 118-123, 196-204, 261-264.

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Atal, C.K. and Kapoor, B.M. (Ed.) : *Cultivation and Utilization of Medicinal Plants*, 1982.

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Editorial: “History of Indian Veterinary Medicine”, *INAR*, **15**, 393-95, 1939.

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Garg, D.N. : 1987, “Sources for Ancient Indian Literature on Veterinary Sciences”, *INAR*, **22**, 103-110.

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*Jātakaparijātaka* (see) Rishi, L.V.

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Kalra, S.K. : 1987, “Possibilities of relating modern Veterinary Science Literature to the growth of relevant literature in Ancient India”, *IJHS*, **22**, 141- 157.

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Krishnaswami, A. : “Animal Husbandry in Ancient India”, Part I to III, *Indian Farming*, **2**, 459-460, 527-529, 579-581.

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Krishnaswami, A. : “In the realm of Indian Veterinary medicine/what a Veterinarian can learn from Ancient Veterinary Lore/Indigenous drugs of India”, *INAR*, **21**, 32-39, 388-398, 23, 374-84.

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Krishnaswami, A : “Authors of Indian Veterinary Science, their work, age and Antiquity”, *IJVS*, **11**, 107-112.

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Magasthenes’ *Indika*, 1928-29, Fragm, XXXV, Sri Majumdar, N.N. *INAR*, **5**, 272.

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Mandokhot, U.V. : 1987, “Breeding Practices and Selection Criteria for Domestication of Animals”, *IJHS*, **22**, 127-135.

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Morgan, L.H. : 1877, *Ancient Society*, Calcutta.

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Perera, H.C. : 1940, “Indigenous drugs in the treatment of Livestock”, *INAR*, **17**, 261-265.

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Rishi, L.V. : *Jatakparijatak*, *INAR*, **10**, 145-147, Seven Ślokas brought out.

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Satija, K.C. : 1987, “Rural Folk Prescriptions: Plea for Search of Scientific Content”, *IJHS*, 22, 111-118.

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Singh, Ajit and Kohli, J.D. : 1955, “A Plea for research into indigenous drugs employed in Veterinary practice”, *INAR*, 32, 271-280.

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Sircar, N.N. : 1982, “Pharmacological basis of Ayurvedic therapeutics” in Atal, C.K., and Kapoor, B.M. (Ed).

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*Śukranīti*, Section VII, Ch. IV Slokas 64-353 deals with Veterinary aspects, (Edited by) Brahmanasara Misra, Kashi Sanskrit Series No. 185, Benaras, 1968; Translated into English by B K Sarkar, *SBE* No. 13, Allahabad, 1914.

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