[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Science, technology and education](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science) › [Minerals and Metals in Ancient India](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.biswas-1996) › v2.c45.s1.7 # Minerals and Metals in Ancient India v2.c45.s1.7 Minerals and Metals in Ancient India v2.c45.s1.7 - **Language:** English ### [v2.c45.s1.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.biswas-1996.v2.c45.s1.7) \*Māraṇa\* means killing or oxidation of metal from which metal can be regenerated (\*utthāpana\*) (8.39). If the metal is oxidised irreversibly, then it is called \*apunarbhava\* (8.29). Removal of a metallic impurity by blowing through a bent pipe (\*vaṅkanāla\*) in a way it is converted to an oxide scum is called \*tāḍana\* (8.32). - [Previous: v2.c45.s1.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.biswas-1996.v2.c45.s1.6) - [Next: v2.c45.s1.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.biswas-1996.v2.c45.s1.8) - [Up: v2.c45.s1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.biswas-1996.v2.c45.s1) ## Linked texts (1) - [Rasaratnasamuccaya](https://indike.org/pramana/in.med.rasa.rasaratnasamuccaya.8.39) — Vāgbhaṭa (alchemist), Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.biswas-1996.v2.c45.s1.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.biswas-1996.v2.c45.s1.7) · Pramāṇa