A History of Indian Medical Literature v1.c23.532

Language: English

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The subjects dealt with are: the eight properties of alcoholic drinks: uṣṇa (hot), tīkṣṇa (sharp), sūkṣma (subtle), viśada (clear), rūkṣa (dry), āśukara (quickly acting), vyavāyin (relaxation-promoting), 687 and vikāśin (diffusive); the actions and effects of these properties (47.3–5); 688 alcoholic drinks are acid in taste and light, they stimulate the appetite and the digestive fire;689 some assert that all the tastes, the saltish one excepted, are present in them (47.6); the beneficial effects of alcoholic drinks when used properly (47.7–8);⁶⁹⁰ when used without food and immoderately, these drinks, being of a fiery nature, combine with the bodily fire and produce intoxication (mada) (47.9);⁶⁹¹ intoxication leads to loss of mental balance and the expression of hidden feelings (47.10);⁶⁹² the three stages (avasthā) of intoxication: pūrva, madhya and paścima; the characteristics of these stages (47.11–12);⁶⁹³ persons with a predominance of kapha, those with a slight amount of pitta, those who regularly use fatty substances, and those who drink in moderation, are not very much affected by alcoholic drinks, while the contrary applies to the opposite types (47.13);⁶⁹⁴ those who habitually drink on an empty stomach, and when alone, develop very troublesome diseases which ultimately destroy the body (47.14); types of persons prone to develop disorders caused by alcohol abuse (47.15–16);

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the disorders due to abuse of alcohol are: pānātyaya, paramada, pānājīrṇa, and the serious (ugra) condition called pānavibhrama (47.17);⁶⁹⁵ the symptoms of pānātyaya due to vāta, pitta, kapha, and all the three doṣas (47.18–19ab);⁶⁹⁶ the symptoms of paramada (47.19cd–20ab),⁶⁹⁷ pānājīrṇa (47.20cd–21ab),⁶⁹⁸ and pānavibhrama (47.21cd–22ab);⁶⁹⁹ signs indicating incurability (47.22cd–23ab); complications arising from alcohol abuse (47.23cd); the treatment of pānātyaya due to vāta (47.24cd–26ab),⁷⁰⁰ pitta (47.26cd–27),⁷⁰¹ kapha (47.28–29ab),⁷⁰² a combination of two doṣas, and all three doṣas together (47.29cd–30ab);⁷⁰³ recipes against pānātyaya (47.30cd–34ab); the treatment of paramada (47.34cd–36), pānājīrṇa (47.37–39a), and pānavibhrama (47.39b–41); a recipe against all disorders caused by alcohol abuse (47.42); things to be recommended to persons habitually enjoying alcoholic drinks (47.43–44); two recipes useful in pānātyaya (47.45–46); the type of alcoholic drink habitually used by a patient with one of the described disorders should be prescribed in a methodical way during his treatment (47.47–48);⁷⁰⁴ someone who, after a period of abstinence, suddenly resumes drinking too much, develops the disorders described in relation with pānātyaya (47.49);⁷⁰⁵ the pathogenesis of thirst (tṛṣṇā), resulting from alcohol abuse (47.50); the treatment of this condition (47.51–54ab); the pathogenesis of a severe burning sensation (dāha), resulting from alcohol abuse (47.54);

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the general treatment of this disorder (47.55–65); the accompanying symptoms and the treatment of a burning sensation due to blood (47.67–69); the accompanying symptoms, and treatment of a burning sensation due to pitta (47.70–73ab); the accompanying symptoms and the treatment of a burning sensation due to filling of the koṣṭha with blood are like those described in the sadyovraṇīya chapter⁷⁰⁶ (47.73–74ab); the accompanying symptoms of a burning sensation caused by decrease of the elements of the body; the treatment of this condition is like that of raktapitta (47.74cd–75); the treatment of a burning sensation in patients with a trauma, those who do not observe the rules of diet, and those suffering from grief (47.76–77); patients with a burning sensation due to an injury to a vital spot (marman) are incurable and should not be treated when their body feels cold (47.78); after subsidence of the complications of the disorders due to drinking, purificatory measures should be carried out (47.79); the treatment of thirst by administering a diluted and medicated alcoholic drink (47.80); the proper way of enjoying a drink, without running the risk of intoxication or the development of a disease produced by alcohol (47.81).