A History of Indian Medical Literature v1.c26.s14: Special features of the Hṛdaya

A History of Indian Medical Literature v1.c26.s14

Language: English

v1.c26.s14.4 — 4 parts

Special features of the Hṛdaya

v1.c26.s14.1

The number of chapters is 120, in agreement with that of other saṃhitās. 765 Residence in heated rooms (aṅgāratāpasamṭapagarbhabhūveśamacaraṇa) is recommended in winter (A.h.Sū.3.16); new material is found in the descriptions of summer and autumn (A.h.Sū.3).766 Noteworthy quotations from the Carakasamhitā are present in A.h.Sū.4.767 Many fluid substances of the Saṃgraha are absent in the chapter (A.h.Sū.6) dealing with them.768 New substances in the dravyaprakaraṇa are ārdrikā (A.h.Sū.6.109ab) and gṛñjanaka (A.h.Sū.6.113ab).769 Uddāla(ka) (A.s.Sū.7.13, 17), madhūlikā (A.s.Sū.7.14, 17), kuśāmraśimbī (A.s.Sū.7.31),770 makuṣṭha(ka) (A.s.Sū.7.22, 25), and masūra (A.s.Sū.7.22, 25) are absent; the same applies to rāgaṣāḍava (A.s.Sū.7.53), mantha (A.s.Sū.7.54), śaṣkulī (A.s.Sū.7.60), modaka (A.s. Sū.7.60), saktubhojanavidhi (A.s.Sū.7.60ab), karkandhubadarādisaktu (A.s.Sū.7.62), ghārikā (A.s.U.49.220), and iṇḍarikā (A.s.U.49.220) among the prepared dishes; the properties of the flesh of haṃsa (A.s.Sū.7.98ab) and kulīra (A.s.Sū.7.100cd) are absent; the śyāmādi-gaṇa (A.s.Sū.7.122–123) is absent from the śākavarga, etc. (A.h.Sū.6).771 The two pañcamūla groups called vallī- and kaṇṭakapañcamūla (A.s. Sū.12.54cd–55) are absent.772 The uses of bisa, ikṣu, moca, coca, āmra, modaka, utkārikā, etc., are described (A.h.Sū.8.45).773 A smaller number of anupānas are described (A.h.Sū.8.47cd–52) than in the Saṃgraha (Sū.10.11).774 The definition of vipāka (A.h.Sū.9.20) is remarkable.775 Specific actions (viśiṣṭakarman) of the dhātus and malas are described (A.h.Sū.1.1).776 Blood is not regarded as a doṣa.777 Seven sadyaḥsnehana substances are mentioned (A.h.Sū.16.40cd–42), which are absent from the Saṃgraha.778 Four types of sveda are distinguished (A.h.Sū.17.1).779 Substances suitable to be smoked are mentioned (A.h.Sū.21.13–18).780 The types of añjana are three instead of four in number (A.h.Sū.23.10).781 The chapter on blunt instruments mentions a śalyanirghātinī nāḍī (A.h.Sū.25.15cd–16ab) and an aśmaryāharaṇayantra (A.h.Sū.25.33ab).782 Five instead of three types of śalyagati are distinguished (A.h.Sū.28.1).783 Dissection is absent.784 The description of the ojas problem in the eighth month of pregnancy (A.h.Śā.1.62cd–63) differs from that in the Saṃgraha.785 A metal figure of a male is described, to be heated and put into milk, which, afterwards, should be drunk by a pregnant woman with a view to increase the chance that a son will be born (A.h.Śā.1.38cd–39ab).786 Two types of mūḍhagarbha, called viṣkambha, require surgical intervention (A.h.Śā.2.29–31ab).787 A dhamanīstha type of marman is acknowledged (A.h.Śā.4).788 The śalākābhramaṇadoṣas (A.h.U.17.24) are new. The undesirable effects of couching (A.h.Ci.8.156),789 dāḍimāṣṭakacūrṇa against atīsāra (A.h.Ci.9.113cd–115),790 ayaskṛti against prameha (A.h.Ci.12.29–32),791 a rāgaṣāḍava with kapittha, jambū and tinduka against prameha (A.h.Ci.12.12cd),792 ayaskṛti against udara (A.h.Ci.15.74),793 lauhacūrṇa steeped in cow's urine against pāṇḍuroga,794 maṇḍūravaṭaka against pāṇḍuroga (A.h.Ci.16.).795 The dosages of medicines (auṣadhamātrā) are discussed (A.h.Ka.6.11cd–14).796 New prescriptions against timira are collyria containing sulphur and mercury (A.h.U.13.31cd–33ab and 36).797 Many inorganic substances are employed against eye diseases.798 Treatment by means of a tailadroṇī is described as suitable to patients with sadyovraṇa (A.h.U. 26.57–58).799 The śāntikarman called candrodaya is described (A.h.U.35.24–32);800 this ritual employs a mantra addressed to Puruṣasiṃha and Nārāyaṇa.801 Treatment of a snake-bite by means of sucking through a horn is described (A.h.U.36.50cd).802

v1.c26.s14.2

The chapter on rasāyana describes the uses of gokṣura (A.h.U.39.56–57), vārāhīkanda (A.h.U.39.58–59), śuṇṭhī, and citraka (A.h.U.39.62–65).⁸⁰³ The vājīkaraṇa chapter prescribes uccaṭā (A.h.U.40.32).⁸⁰⁴ The list of best drugs against particular disorders mentions: mustā and parpaṭaka against fever, lājā against chardi, girija (= śilājatu) against bastiroga, dhātrī (= āmalakī) against meha, abhayā (= harītakī) against disorders caused by vāta and kapha, pippalī against plīhamaya (A.h.U.40.48), tārkṣya (= rasānjana) against sthaulya, guḍūcī against vātarakta (A.h.U.40.50).⁸⁰⁵

v1.c26.s14.3

Names of vegetable drugs absent from Carakasamhitā and Suśrutasamhitā are:⁸⁰⁶ adrikaṛṇī (A.h.U.5.20),⁸⁰⁷ ahikeśara (A.h.Ci.7.106),⁸⁰⁸ ahimāra (A.h.U.22.82, 88),⁸⁰⁹ ahimāraka (A.h.U.22.107),⁸¹⁰ aileya (A.h.U.11.24),⁸¹¹ aileyaka (A.h.U.16.24),⁸¹² ākhukarṇī (A.h.Ci.20.29),⁸¹³ aksibhaiṣajya (A.h.Ci.9.23),⁸¹⁴ amarā (A.h.U.5.20),⁸¹⁵ amarataru (A.h.U.24.29),⁸¹⁶ amla (A.h.Ci.1.134),⁸¹⁷ amlavidula (A.h.Ci.8.149),⁸¹⁸ anuyava (A.h.Sū.6.15),⁸¹⁹ araṇika (A.h.Sū.15.24; Ci.14.117),⁸²⁰ āraṇyakulattha (A.h.U.16.6),⁸²¹ ārdrikā (A.h.Sū.6.109; Ci.7.15; 8.82),⁸²² asitajīraka (A.h.Ci.14.17), asitasaroja (A.h.Ci.7.85),⁸²³ aśvaghna (A.h.Ci.8.23; U.18.57; 24.24),⁸²⁴ auṣadha (A.h.Ci.5.55; 6.33; 10.70),⁸²⁵ āvartakī (A.h.Ci.19.22),⁸²⁶ bahalapallava (A.h.Sū.15.21),⁸²⁷ bahurasa (A.h.Sū.15.45),⁸²⁸ bālapattra (A.h.U.39.105),⁸²⁹ barbara (A.h.U.3.59),⁸³⁰ barhiśikhā (A.h.Ci.11.34),⁸³¹ bāspikā (A.h.Sū.7.25; Ci.4.32),⁸³² bastāntrī (A.h.Sū.15.45),⁸³³ bhadrailā (A.h.U.6.26),⁸³⁴ bhūkadamba (A.h.Ci.12.20; U.22.22),⁸³⁵ bījāhva (A.h.Ci.6.33 and 34),⁸³⁶ boṭasthavira (A.h.Ci.3.135),⁸³⁷ brahmasomā (A.h.U.1.44),⁸³⁸ candralekhā (A.h.Ci.3.135),⁸³⁹ candraśakalā (A.h.Ci.19.44),⁸⁴⁰ capalā (A.h.Ci.4.24; 8.149; Ka.4.64; U.16.40),⁸⁴¹ cetakī (A.h.U.30.39),⁸⁴² chāgakarṇa (A.h.Sū.15.19),⁸⁴³ chinnodbhavā (A.h.Ci.1.60),⁸⁴⁴ cīnāka (A.h.Sū.6.87),⁸⁴⁵ dahana (A.h.Sū.15.1 and 21; Ci.8.154),⁸⁴⁶ devadhūpa (A.h.Sū.15.43; U.22.3),⁸⁴⁷ devāhva (A.h.Sū.15.35; Ci.1.62; 12.2; Ka.5.19; U.2.25; 3.56),⁸⁴⁸ devāhvaya (A.h.Sū.15.9),⁸⁴⁹ dhānakā (A.h.Sū.15.16; Ci.8.73; 9.104; 17.11),⁸⁵⁰ dhanikā (A.h.Ci.8.50, 77, 82; 9.26),⁸⁵¹ dhattūra (A.h.U.24.30; 38.37),⁸⁵² droṇā (A.h.U.36.92),⁸⁵³ dugdhinīkā (A.h.U.37.86),⁸⁵⁴ dvīpi (A.h.Sū.15.32; Ci.14.82; 19.41 and 45; 20.16; 21.57; U.22.56 and 81; 30.27),⁸⁵⁵ gada (A.h.U.5.20; 20.15),⁸⁵⁶ gadā (A.h.U.32.31),⁸⁵⁷ gajacirbhaṭa (A.h.Ci.14.38),⁸⁵⁸ gajadantikā (A.h.U.36.61),⁸⁵⁹ gajakaṇā (A.h.Ci.8.50),⁸⁶⁰ gaja-kṛṣṇā (A.h.U.22.66),⁸⁶¹ gajopakulyā (A.h.Ci.21.59),⁸⁶² gālā (A.h.Ci.6; 20.20),⁸⁶³ gandhapalāśa (A.h.Ci.10.46; 14.14; 17.24),⁸⁶⁴ gāṅgeyī (A.h.Ci.1.54; Ka.4.44),⁸⁶⁵ gataśoka (A.h.Sū.15.26),⁸⁶⁶ ghoṣā (A.h.U.13.55; 16.7),⁸⁶⁷ ghuṇapriyā (A.h.Sū.15.33; Ci.9.57; 16.11),⁸⁶⁸ ghuṇavallabhā (A.h.Ci.8.103 and 151),⁸⁶⁹ ghuṇeṣṭā (A.h.Ci.19.40),⁸⁷⁰ gokaṇṭaka (A.h.Sū.15.24; Ci.1.114; 2.38; 8.12),⁸⁷¹ gopakanyā (A.h.Ci.2.28; U.37.82),⁸⁷² gopāṅganā (A.h.Ka.4.12),⁸⁷³ gopasutā (A.h.Sū.15.9),⁸⁷⁴ guḍamañjarī (A.h.U.40.52),⁸⁷⁵ guṇṭha (A.h.Sū.15.24; Ci.11.19 and 22),⁸⁷⁶ halinī (A.h.Ci.8.22),⁸⁷⁷ ibhapippalī (A.h.Ci.14.18),⁸⁷⁸ indulekhā (A.h.U.1.43),⁸⁷⁹ indurājī (A.h.Ci.19.26), indurājikā (A.h.Ci.20.6),⁸⁸⁰ jalada (A.h.Sū.3.23; 15.35; 20.37; Ci.2.18 and 31),⁸⁸¹ jantughna (A.h.Ci.3.10; 4.29; 19.47 and 79; U.22.63),⁸⁸² jantuhṛt (A.h.Ci.8, first additional verse after 15),⁸⁸³ jātipattrikā (A.h.U.22.93),⁸⁸⁴ jātīrasa (A.h.Sū.15.43),⁸⁸⁵ jayantī (A.h.Ci.17.26),⁸⁸⁶ jhuñjhu (A.h.Sū.6.94),⁸⁸⁷ jīvanta (A.h.Sū.6.94),⁸⁸⁸ jyotis (A.h.Ci.8.34),⁸⁸⁹ kacchaka (A.h.Ci.11.18),⁸⁹⁰ kākatiktā (A.h.Sū.15.17),⁸⁹¹ kākamālikā (A.h.U.35.25),⁸⁹² kākāṇḍakī (A.h.U.24.35),⁸⁹³ kālamuṣkaka (A.h.Sū.

v1.c26.s14.4.1

30.8), 893 kali (A.h.Ci.18.25; U.28.38), 894 kālīṅga (A.h.Sū.6.87 and 89), 895 kaloḍya (A.h.Sū.6.92), 896 kāmāttā (A.h.Sū.7.36), 897 kaṇādvaya (A.h.Ci.19.8), 898 kaṇāmūla (A.h.U.37.83), 899 kaṇḍūkarī (A.h.Sū.15.9), 900 kāntā (A.h.Śā.2.4; U.22.12, 86), 901 kārmukā (A.h.Sū.15.30), 902 kāsaghna (A.h.Ci.3.23 and 49; 4.20), 903 kāśmīraja (A.h.U.37.44), 904 kaṭtrṇa (A.h.U.3.45), 905 kaṭu (A.h.U.5.20), 906 kaṭukadaugdhika (A.h.U.37.79), 907 kaṭukaphala (A.h.Sū.29.35), 908 khapura (A.h.Sū.15.43; U.40.52), 909 kharabusa (A.h.Sū.15.30), 910 kolī (A.h.Sū.15.41), 911 kopanā (A.h.Ci.21.68), 912 ko-raṇṭa (A.h.U.24.35), 913 kṛṣṇapaṭalī (U.5.42), 914 kṣaudrasāhvayā (A.h.U.35.21), 915 kṣīrī (A.h.Ci.5.33), 916 kṣīrapādapa (A.h.U.3.46), 917 kṣudrā (A.h.U.22.97), 918 kṣudravārtāka (A.h.U.24.30), 919 kṣuraka (A.h.Ci.15.95), 920 kumbha (A.h.Sū.15.2; Ci.8.151; 13.6; 14.18 and 36; 15.10 and 105; 16.43; 17.3; 19.19 and 31; Ka.2.48; U.7.21; 13.69; 20.24; 28.34), 921 kumbhayoni (A.h.U.13.90), 922 kusumāṇḍaka (A.h.Sū.6.2), 923 kuṭila (A.h.U.24.8), 924 kutilī (A.h.Sū.6.76), 925 kuṭiñjara (A.h.Sū.6.93), 926 kutsitāmba (A.h.Sū.15.26), 927 laghupaṭṭrā cillī (A.h.Sū.6.96), 928 latvā (A.h.Ci.11.7; U.22.65), 929 latvāka (A.h.Sū.6.93); 930 madā (A.h.Ci.8.149), 931 madanīyahetu (A.h.Sū.15.37), 932 mādhavī (A.h.Sū.3.34), 933 madhuphalā (A.h.Ci.8.149), 934 madhusrava (A.h.Sū.15.15), 935 mādrī (A.h.Ci.6.52; 8.149; 9.7; 10.53; 12.18; 15.71; 17.26; U.2.24;

v1.c26.s14.4.2

20.15), 936 mahādroṇa (A.h.U.36.92), 937 mahadvyāghrī (A.h.Sū.10.30), 938 mahāpicumanda (A.h.Ci.8.161), 939 mahiṣākṣa (A.h.U.28.42), 940 mānadruma (A.h.Sū.15.37), 941 mānasī (A.h.U.36.92), 942 mārṣa (A.h.Sū.6.93), 943 meṣaviṣāṇī (A.h.U.14.31), 944 muśalī (A.h.U.32.21), 945 nāgāhva (Sū.15.14; Ka.4.14), 946 nāgāhvaya (Sū.15.43), 947 nāgacusuma (A.h.Ci.5.54), 948 nāgapuṛiṣacchattra (A.h.U.37.42), 949 nahikā (A.h.U.30.18), 950 naktāhva (A.h.U.25.67), 951 namaskarī (A.h.Sū.15.38), 952 nayanausadha (A.h.Ci.11.59), 953 nirmalya (A.h.U.5.18), 954 nṛpadruma (A.h.Ci.1.121; 5.3; 12.42; U.3.44; 6.24), 955 nṛpataru (A.h.Ci.19.37), 956 nṛtyakuṇḍaka (A.h.Ci.11.30), 957 pālani (A.h.Ci.1.90), 958 pālanīka (A.h.Ci.1.92), 959 pālevata (A.h.Sū.6.135; 10.26), 960 paṅkaja (A.h.U.39.104), 961 pārthā (A.h.Sū.15.24), 962 paśugandhā (A.h.Sū.15.34; Ci.14.31), 963 pītāṅgī (A.h.U.22.98), 964 pītatailā (A.h.Sū.15.28), 965 praṇadā (A.h.Ci.1.153; 9.5 and 104; 13.17), 966 prapuṇḍrāhva (A.h.U.18.47), 967 priyāhvā (A.h.U.5.19), 968 puṇḍra (A.h.Sū.15.12; U.11.49; 16.15; 22.37), 969 puṇḍrāhva (A.h.Sū.22.21; U.13.5; 22.91), 970 puṇḍraka (A.h.Sū.5.45), 971 puṣkarajāta (A.h.U.7.20;

v1.c26.s14.4.3

U.40.56), 972 rajanaka (A.h.Sū.15.45), 973 raktairaṇḍa (A.h.Sū.5.58), 974 raktayaṣṭikā (A.h.Sū.21.17), 975 rāmā (A.h.U.24.35), 976 rodhraśūka (A.h.Sū.6.1), 977 rodikā (A.h.U.28.35), 978 rujākara (A.h.Sū.15.21), 979 śabaradeśaja (A.h.U.16.4), 980 śabarakandaka (A.h.U.18.58), 981 śabarodbhava (A.h.Sū.32.31), 982 sadāphala (A.h.Sū.15.41), 983 śakavara (A.h.U.37.84), 984 śaṅkha (A.h.U.1.48), 985 śaṅkhakusumā (A.h.U.39.61), 986 sārāmukha (A.h.Sū.6.1), 987 saroruhā (A.h.Ci.14.70), 988 sarpalocanā (A.h.U.37.83), 989 sarpagandhā (A.h.Ci.14.104), 990 śaśānkakiraṇākhyā (A.h.Ci.5.49), 991 śaśārikalekhā (A.h.Ci.19.46), 992 śataparvikā (A.h.Sū.7.25), 993 śephālī (A.h.U.13.90), 994 śikhin (A.h.Ci.8.157; U.39.107 and 169), 995 śiśira (A.h.Sū.15.11), 996 śita (A.h.Sū.15.37), 997 sphoṭahetu (A.h.Ci.20.11), 998 śrī (A.h.Ci.1.32), 999 śrīvāsa (A.h.U.3.56), śrīvāsaka (A.h.Sū.15.43), 1000 sruvavṛkṣa (A.h.Sū.15.17), 1001 sthūlakākādanī (A.h.Ci.17.27), 1002 śukataru (A.h.U.5.20; 40.48), 1003 surālā (A.h.Sū.15.4), 1004 surataru (A.h.Ci.19.41; U.22.85), 1005 suravāruṇī (A.h.Ci.19.81), 1006 sūṣā (A.h.Sū.6.72; Ci.9.21), 1007 suvarṇadugdhā (A.h.Ci.19.81), 1008 suvarṇatvac (A.h.Sū.21.17), 1009 svastika (A.h.Ci. 9.20), 1010 śvetādrikarṇī (A.h.U.5.10), 1011 śvetakaṭabhī (A.h.U.5.10 and 46; 38.20), 1012 śvetapattra (A.h.U.5.33), 1013 śvetarodhra (A.h.U.9.11; 16.16 and 32), 1014 śvetavā- ha (A.h.Sū.15.19), 1015 tala (A.h.Sū.15.19), 1016 tavakṣīrī (A.h.Sū.30.51; Ci.3.66; 5.30; 9.113; Ka.2.10; U.24.54;

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39.37 and 42), 1017 tejinī (A.h.Śā.2.42; U.22.56), 1018 tīkṣṇa (A.h.Ci.5.54; U.14.32; 19.14), 1019 tīkṣṇaka (A.h.Śā.1.88), 1020 tīkṣṇamūla (A.h.U.36.59), 1021 tīkṣṇavṛkṣa (A.h.Sū.15.45), 1022 tikta (A.h.U.2.25), 1023 tiktaka (A.h.Ci.10.34; 15.70), 1024 tiktottama (A.h.Ka.1.24), 1025 tiṇḍiśa (A.h.Sū.6.87), 1026 toyada (A.h.Ci.12.7; Ka.4.35; U.34.46), 1027 trihima (A.h.Sū.15.19), 1028 tripādī (A.h. Sū.15.9), 1029 tṛṇadhānya (A.h.Ci.12.11), 1030 tuvarī (A.h.Sū.29.34; Ci.19.25), 1031 udaka (A.h.Ci.19.), 1032 ugra (A.h.U.5.20), 1033 ullaka (A.h.Ci.8.149), 1034 upalabheda- ka (A.h.Ci.11.2), 1035 uttamakāraṇī (A.h.U.30.27), 1036 uttaravāruṇī (A.h.U.37.79), 1037 uttuṇḍikī (A.h.U.30.18), 1038 vaidehī (A.h.Ci.3.55; 9.90; Ka.4.50; U.11.43), 1039 vajra (A.h.Ci.19.19), 1040 valla (A.h.Sū.7.32), 1041 vāṃśika (A.h.Sū.5.45), 1042 vāraṇaka (A.h.Sū.17.7), 1043 vātyābhidhāna (A.h.Ci.14.36), 1044 vātyāhva (A.h.Ci.14.50), 1045 vāyasajaṅghā (A.h.Ci.19.76), 1046 vella (A.h.Sū.15.4; 23.15; 27.36; Ci.8.33, 65, 149, 155, 159; 12.25; 14.18 and 21; 15.10; 16.14 and 39; 19.36, 42, 81; U.1.46; 2.76; 6.28; 20.14, 18, 21, 23; 22.21 and 101; 28.28; 39.11, 150, 169), 1047 vellantara (A.h.Sū.15. 24), 1048 viralā (A.h.Sū.15.41), 1049 viśvauṣadha (A.h.Ci.3.120; 11.29), 1050 yavānaka (A.h.Ci.6.51; 8.46; 14.17; 17.11). 1051