Ancient Indian Education (Brahmanical and Buddhist) c5: List of Illustrations
Ancient Indian Education (Brahmanical and Buddhist) c5
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List of Illustrations
c5.1
| I. | Nālandā : A Stone Image of Standing Bodhisattva . . . . . | *Frontispiece* |
| | | *Facing page* |
| II. | Rajgir : Images in Stone of Seven Vedic Ṛishis | 22 |
| III. | Ṛishi Atri and his Wife (Anasūyā) . . . | 24 |
| IV. | Ṛishi Vasishṭha (*a*) Seated, (*b*) Walking . . | 60 |
| V. | Bharhut : a Ṛishi teaching Pupils . . | 68 |
| VI. | Muttra : An Ascetic and his Hermitage . . | 98 |
| VII. | Bharhut : An Ascetic and a Hunter . . | 157 |
| VIII. | Konarak : A Guru and his Royal Disciple . | 198 |
| IX. | Polonnāruva (Ceylon) : A Sage reading a Palm-leaf MS. . . . . . . | 206 |
| X. | Bharhut : A Hermitage Scene . . . | 241 |
| XI. | Muttra : Hermitage Scenes . . . | 305 |
| XII. | Mamallapuram : Bhagīratha in Meditation . | 308 |
| XIII. | Bharhut : An Ascetic and a Snake . . | 314 |
| XIV. | Bharhut : Hermitage of Ṛishi Kapila . . | 333 |
| XV. | Bharhut : Hermitage of Ṛishi Bharadvāja . | 344 |
| XVI. | Dhārā : Image in Stone of *Vāgdevī*, "Goddess of Learning" . . . . . | 373 |
| XVII. | Ajanta : Gautama at School . . . | 386 |
| XVIII. | Karla : Cave-Monastery . . . . | 437 |
| XIX. | Muttra : A Preacher addressing an Assembly of Monks . . . . . . | 452 |
| XX. | Gandhāra : Gautama Buddha learning— | |
| | 1. Writing . . . . . | 485 |
| | 2. Archery . . . . . | 489 |
| | 3. Music . . . . . | 490 |
| XXI. | Muttra : Pen and Ink in Sculpture . . | 486 |
| XXII. | Polonnāruva : Ānanda, Disciple of the Buddha | 532 |
| XXIII. | Nālandā University : A Bird's-eye View . . | 560 |
| XXIV. | Nālandā University : A Monastery with decorated plinth . . . . . | 562 |
| XXV. | Nālandā University : A Monastery with its Cells, Court-yard, Furnace, and Well . | 569 |
| XXVI. | Nālandā University : A Bronze Image of Standing Buddha . . . . . . | 585 |
c5.2
I
c5.3
*Yastu vijñānavān bhavati*
*Yuktena manasā sadā* |
*Tasyendriyāṇi vaśyāni*
*Sadaśvā iva sāratheḥ* ||
“*He, who is possessed of supreme knowledge by concentration of mind, must have his senses under control, like spirited steeds controlled by a charioteer*” (Kaṭha-Upanishad, iii, 6).
c5.4
II
c5.5
*Manopubbaṅgamā dhammā*
*Manoseṭṭhā manomayā* |
“*Mental states always precede action of which they are the determining factors*” (Dhammapada, i, 1).
c5.6
III
c5.7
*Chittameva asya vaśaṁ gachchhati* | *Chittena asya vaśībhūtena sarvadharmā vaśībhavanti* |
“*The Mind has come into his power. When one has thus brought the Mind under his control, all principles of things are under his control*” (Śāntideva’s Śikshāsamuchchaya, chap. vi).
c5.8
IV
c5.9
*Mana eva manushyāṇāṁ kāraṇaṁ bandha-mokshayoḥ* |
*Tasmāt tat abhyaset mantrī yat ichchhet mokshamavyayam* |
“*The mind of man is at once the cause of his bondage and salvation. Therefore, one should train his mind, if he desires abiding freedom, by the discipline of mantra*” (Mālinīvijayottara-Tantra, xv, 38).
c5.10
V
c5.11
*Rāgādidurvāra-malāvaliptaṁ* |
*Chittaṁ hi saṁsāramuvācha Vajrī* ||
“*Says the teacher of Vajra-yāna: The Mind that is tainted by the indelible impurities of passions constitutes what is called the Saṁsāra or the world*” (Prajñopāya-Viniśchaya-Siddhiḥ, iv, 22).
c5.12
VI
c5.13
“ *Brahmacharya does not mean mere physical self-control. It means much more. It means complete control over all the senses. Thus an impure thought is a breach of brahmacharya ; so is anger. . . And since thought is the root of all speech and action, the quality of the latter corresponds to that of the former. Hence perfectly controlled thought is itself power of the highest potency, and can become self-acting. That seems to me to be the meaning of the silent prayer of the heart. If Man is after the image of God, he has but to will a thing in the limited sphere allotted to him, and it becomes* ” (*Mahatma M. K. Gandhi in Harijan for 23rd July, 1938*).