Copper in Ancient India c13: Index

Copper in Ancient India c13

Language: English

Index

c13.1

Alloys of copper, 32-53. Amarkosha's lexicon (6th century A.D.), on copper, 64; on Kāmsya, 32, 34. Ancient Indian copper implement, contents of, 13-14. Ancient Indian copper implement, locality of, 13-17. Ancient Specimens of Indian brass, 42-43. Ancient Specimen of Indian bronze, 37-38. Asoka Pillar copper bolt, 69. Atharvaveda (1000 B.C.), on designation of copper, 7; on use of copper, 8, 17; reference to copper knife, 9. Ayeen Akbari, on alloys of copper, 33, on copper mines in the Kumaun district, 62; on ruh-i-tutia, 50; on the location of copper mines, 64; on the manufacture of brass, 53; on the method of bronze manufacture, 39.

c13.2

Ball, on copper mining, 59-60. Banerjee, R.D., on catalogue of copper plates, 29n. Barratt, on Agar Sera mines, Dhobri mines and Pokhri mines, 63. Bering, 33. Bernier, on brass gun, 44. Bhāvaprakāsh (16th century) on blue vitriol, 56; on brass, 51; on the chemical composition of copper, 67; on zine, 50. Bhambor, 28.

c13.3

Birdwood, Sir George, on ancient copper ghoti or lota of Kundla, Kangra district, 29-30. Birmingham Museum, 23. Blanford, H.F., on the description of copper manufacture in Sikkim Himalayas, 71; on the old method of manufacturing copper, 61. Bloomfield., on copper implements at Gunjeria, Central Provinces, 12, 22. Boilcan, on native process of manufacturing copper in Singhana (1831), 70. Brahmanabad, 28. Brāhmanas, on the method of bronze manufacture, 38; on the use of copper, 17; reference to copper, 8. Brass and broze guns and cannons of the Mughals, 43-46. Brass as an alloy, recognition of 51-52. Brass bell at Siwe dagan Paya (1775), 43. Brass, chemistry of, 46. Brass, manufacture of, 52-53. Brass, equivalent for ritti or pittala, 32. Brass Statue of Buddha at Burma, 43; at Fatehpur (6th century), 42. Brihat-Samhitā (6th century), on the use of word riti, 41. British Burma, 42. Bronze age, 11, 18, 34-37.

c13.4

Bronze articles at Tinnevelly, 33, 37. Bronze casting, knowledge of, 38. Bronze implements, flat celt, harpoon head, spear-heads, sword, 34. Bronze in Surāṣṭra (Surat), 32. Bronze, manufacture of, 38-39. Brooke, J.C., on indigenous process of manufacturing blue vitriol, 56; on native process of manufacturing copper in Khetri, 70. Brown, J. Coggin., on a copper celt found in Palamau district, 15.

c13.5

Campbell, A., on shaping of copper bolt by the hammer, 22; on the method of manufacturing axe-heads, 15. Chakrapāṇi (circa 1060 A.D), on the discovery of Sulphide, 3; on the preparation of compounds of copper, 54-55. Charaka-Samhitā (circa 3rd century B.C.), on the use of bronze, 33; reference to brass, 9, 41; reference to tāmra, 7. Chāndogya Upanishad, on variant loha, 8. Chromlechs, 11. Circular Punch-marked brass coins of Dhanadeva and Aryavarma of Ajodhya (circa 1st century B.C.), 40. Cire per due process, 24. Compounds of copper, copper sulphide, 54-55; copper sulphate, 55-58. Copper Coins, 25. Copper age in ancient India, 10. Copper age in India, date of, 17-20. Copper age in Northern India, 2.

c13.6

Copper axe-heads in the Manbhum district, 15. Copper axe-excavated in Bassia Thana, Ranchi district, 16. Copper bolt in the Rāmpurwā Asoka Pillar, Nepal, 2, 4, 10, 21-23. Copper caskets, 30-31. Copper Coinage, method of, 27-28. Copper coins, specimen of, Demetrios (200 B.C.), Euthydemos (230 B.C.), Gupta Kings, Kanishka, 25. Copper colossus of Buddha image at Nalanda convent, 24. Copper flame, 58. Copper hatchets at Parior, Unnao district, 14. Copper implements from Bulandashahr and Hardoi district, 15. Copper impelements in Gunjeria, Central Provinces, 2, 12, 13, 61; the size of, 12; the weight of, 12. Copper implements in the Mayurbhanja State in Orissa, Pachamba Subdivision, Hazaribagh district, 16. Copper implements of Behar and Orissa, 15. Copper in the Brāhman age (circa 1000 B.C.-500 B.C.), 7-9; in the Epic age (circa 500 B.C.-200 B.C.), 9-10; in the later Vedic age, 1; in the Rigveda, 2; in the Vedic age (circa 2000 B.C.-1000 B.C.), 5-7. Copper industry, existence of, 2; in India, 31. Copper manufacture in Sikkim Himalayas, the method of, 71. Copper mines in ancient India, 59-66; in Callstry, Nellore, Venkatacherry, 63. Copper mines in the 16 century, Burat, Byanah, Kumaun, Singhaney, Subah of Lahore, 64.

c13.7

Copper mines, location of 3. Copper mining in Hazribagh district, Rajasthan, Singhbhum district, 59-60. Copper mints, location of, 25-27. Copper Plates, 28-29. Copper Smelting, 59-61, 69. Copper statue of Buddha, 23-25. Copper, history of, 6. Copper, the use of, 8, 9, 21, 25, 28. Copper tools and weapons, Beluchistan, Central Provinces, Northern India, 12. Copper utensils, 29-30. Cousens, Henry, on method of coinage, 27-28. Cowelputter, 33. Cunningham, Sir Alexander, 35.

c13.8

Damascus blades, 5. Delhi Pillar (5th century A.D.), 5 Dhar Pillar, 5. Dhatukriya (16th century), on the location of copper mines, 65; on the preparation of copper sulphate, 57; reference to zinc, 50 Die-cutting, 27.

c13.9

Eastern School of Bronze Casting, 38. Eliot, Sir Walter, 35, English process of copper smelting 72. Extraction of copper, direct proof of, 64. Extraction of zinc, the process of, 47-48.

c13.10

Fatehgarh swords, 14. Fergusson, 45.

c13.11

Garrick, H.B.W., on copper bolt in Rampurwa Ashoka Pillar, 21-22. Gaul mines in Patti Kharuhir, 62. Great gun of Agra, 44. Greenwell, Canon, on bronze cultivation, 36. Griffiths, 7. Gunjeria deposits, 18, 19. Gunjeria find of copper weapons, 30. Gunjeria hoard, 16.

c13.12

Hardening of iron by quenching, the process of, 9. Harris, 23. Heyne, on the use of copper of brass utensils, 64. Hiuen-Tsiang (7th century), on copper colossus of Buddha image at Nalanda, 2, 24, 25, 30; on the natural products, 62, on work of brass, 42. Honey-combing, 28.

c13.13

Indian Museum, Calcutta, 21. Indo-Scythian King Kanishka, 40. Iron beams of Konarak, Puri and Bhubaneswar, 70 Iron guns and cannons, 5. Iron in India, discovery of, 11n. Iron Pillar at Delhi (400 A.D.), 69. Isa Khan's guns (16th century), 45.

c13.14

Jaimini Upanishad Brahman, on variant loha, 8,

c13.15

Kamsya (bronze), 32. Korumba ringa of Southern India, 11n. Kathaka Samhita, reference to lohtayas, 7. Kautilya's Arthashastra, on alloys, 25, 32; on the ores of copper, 67; on the use of bronze, 33; reference to copper, 10; reference to tamra, 7.

c13.16

Kunkel, on the chemical composition of brass, 46; on recognition of brass as an alloy, 52, Lāmā Tārānāth, 38. Lord Lake, 44. Madanpāla (14th century). On metallic nature of zinc, 50. Maitrīyāni Samhitā, reference to lohitāyas, 6-7. Mākshika, hema-mākshika (golden pyrites), tāra-mākshika (silver pyrites), 66. Malik-i-maidān, 45. Mansfield process, 72. Manu, direction for the purification of copper utensils, 9; on the use of bronze, 33; on the use of copper vessels, 29. Manufacturing blue vitriol, the indigenous process of, 3, 70. Maurya Brāhmi characters of 320-230 B.C., 28. Max Mueller, on the use iron, 17. Megasthenes, on copper utensils, 29; on use of copper, 10. Metal arrow-heads at Parior (Oudh), 36. Metal arrow-points in Bithur (Kanpur district), 36. Metallurgy of copper, 3, 67-72. Minguinell in Upper Burma (1970), 43. Mitra, Rajendra Lal, on Buddha status, Sultanganj, Bhagalpur district, 23-24. Mlechchha copper, 61. Moscowbell in Russia, 43n. Mount Abu Pillar, 5. Mykenac blades, 36.

c13.17

Nalanda convent, 2.

c13.18

Ores of Copper, 1, 10, 66-67. Orissan beams, 5. Ortel, 14.

c13.19

Pachamba or Karharhari find on copper bolt, 22. Parpati tāmram, 54. Pliny, on aurichalcum, 46. Primitive celts of Northern India, 18. Princep, on method of coinage, 27. Punched-marked coins, 27. Punched-marked copper coins, 25.

c13.20

Rai mine in Gangole Pargana, 62. Raja Lakha Rana of Chittore, 61. Raja Purnavarnam, 600 A.D., 25. Raja Silāditya, 606-647 A.D., 2, 11. Rāmpurwā Asoka Pillar, 21. 30. Ramsay, Cobden, on copper implements in the Mayurbhanja State, 16. Rasakalpa, on zinc, 50. Rasaprakāsh-Sudhākar (13th century), on alloys, 51; on distillation of zinc, 48. Rasāranava (12th century), 3; on copper flame, 58; on mākshika or pyrites, 68; on recipes for the extraction of copper, 67; on the formula of extracting copper from blue vitriol, 55; on the manufacture of brass from zinc, 53; on Vimala, 68. Rasaratnākar (7th century), 3; on the manufacture of brass from zinc, 52-53; on Vimala or copper glance, 68; recipe for the extraction of copper, 67; recipe on calamine, 47. Rasaratna-Samuchchaya (13th century), 4; on alloys, 34; on Kāmsya 32-33; on mākshika or pyrites, 68; on Mlechchha copper, 64-65; on Nepal copper, 61; description of the distillation of alum and green vitriol, 57; on recipe for the extraction of copper 67; on the formula of extracting copper from blue vitriol, 55-56; on the Indian process of distillation of zinc, 48-49; on the method of bronze manufacture, 38; on *Vimala* or copper glance, 68; on the words *pittala*, *ritica* *kakatundi*, 41.

c13.21

Rasāyanādhicār, on formula for preparing sulphide, 54.

c13.22

Rasendrachintamani, on zinc, 50.

c13.23

Ray, P.C., on *tuttha* (green) vitriol, 57n.

c13.24

Rhodes colossus, 25.

c13.25

Rig-veda, 6, 8, 17, 19.

c13.26

Rowee, 33.

c13.27

Sanctuary of Rādhākrishna at Bithur, 14.

c13.28

Sārangadhar, on zinc, 50.

c13.29

Sāstri, Pandit Hirananda on copper implements at Bithur, 14.

c13.30

Satapatha Brāhman, on the spread of the Brāhminical system, 19; on variant *loha*, 7; on variant *lohāyas*, 8.

c13.31

Seem Suckhteh, 33.

c13.32

Sefaidru, 33.

c13.33

Sira mines in Paragana Sira, 62.

c13.34

Smith, Reginald, 22.

c13.35

Smith, Vincent A., on bronze implements, 34-36; on copper age in Northern India, 12, 16; on copper plate inscription, 29; on Gunjeria implements, 22; on shaping of copper bolt by the hammer, 22; on specimen of copper *ghoti* or *lota*, 23-30; on the manufacture of implements of pure copper, 13; on the probable date of the copper age in Northern India, 17-18.