[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Science, technology and education](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science) › [Jyotihshastra: Astral and Mathematical Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.pingree-1981) › c4.s3.20 # Jyotihshastra: Astral and Mathematical Literature c4.s3.20 Jyotiḥśāstra: Astral and Mathematical Literature c4.s3.20 - **Language:** English ### [c4.s3.20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.pingree-1981.c4.s3.20) Like the KS of Vaṭeśvara, the Karaṇatilaka composed by Vijayananda (or Vijayanandin) in Vārāṇasī is known to us only through al-Bīrūnī, for whom it was incompetently translated into Arabic in 1026 as the Ghurrat al-zijāt.¹²⁷ The epoch of this, the first karaṇa of the Saurapakṣa, is 23/24 March 966. - [Previous: c4.s3.19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.pingree-1981.c4.s3.19) - [Next: c4.s3.21](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.pingree-1981.c4.s3.21) - [Up: c4.s3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.pingree-1981.c4.s3) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.pingree-1981.c4.s3.20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.pingree-1981.c4.s3.20) · Pramāṇa