A History of Agriculture in India v1.c44.s1: I. Select List of Indigenous Cultivated Plants of India

A History of Agriculture in India v1.c44.s1

Language: English

I. Select List of Indigenous Cultivated Plants of India

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These are the plants which had their origin in India and have been cultivated over a long period of time. Only a select list is given below, and it is by no means exhaustive.

Cereals

*Oryza sativa* Linn., Rice, *Dhan*, *Chaval* *Paspalum scrobiculatum* Linn., Kodo-millet, *Kodon* *Panicum miliare* Lam., Little-millet, *Kutki* (some consider it to be *P. sumatrense* Roth. & Schutt.) *Digitaria cruciata* (Nees) A. Camus, *Raishan*. *Coix lacryma-jobi* Linn., Job's Tears, *Gurlu*

Pulses

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*Cajanus cajan* (Linn.) Millsp., Pigeonpea, *Arhar* *Dolichos biflorus* Linn., Horse-gram, *Kulthi* *Vigna mungo* (Linn.) Hepper (syn. *Phaseolus mungo* Linn.), Blackgram, *Urd* *V. radiata* (Linn.) Wilczek (syn. *Phaseolus aureus* Roxb.), Greengram, *Moong*

Root Crops

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*Alocasia macrorrhiza* Schott, Giant Taro, *Boromon Kachhu* *Colocasia esculenta* (Linn.) Schott, Taro, *Kachalu*, *Arvi* *Dioscorea alata* Linn., Greater Yam, *Khamalu* *Amorphophallus campanulatus* (Roxb.) Blume ex Dcne, Elephant-foot Yam, *Zamin-kand* *Zingiber officinale* Rosc., Ginger, *Adrak*

Oilseeds

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*Brassica juncea* (Linn.) Czern. & Coss. Indian mustard, *Sarson*, *Rai*

Fruits

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*Artocarpus heterophyllus* Lam., Jack-fruit, *Kathal* *Borassus flabellifer* Linn., Palmyra-palm, *Tari* *Syzygium cuminii* (Linn.) Skeels, Jambolana, *Jamun* *Feronia limonia* (Linn.) Swingle, Elephant-apple, Wood-apple, *Kapittha* *Mangifera indica* Linn., Mango, *Am* *Musa paradisiaca* Linn., and *M. balbisiana* Colla, Plantain, Banana, *Kela* *Emblica officinalis* Gaertn., Emblic, *Amla* *Phoenix sylvestris* (Linn.) Roxb., Date-palm, *Khajur* *Tamarindus indica* Linn., Tamarind, *Imli* (some consider it to be indigenous to tropical Africa) *Ziziphus* (sphalmate *Zizyphus*) *nummularia* (Burm. f.) Wight & Arn., Wild Jujube, *Ber*

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*Amaranthus* spp. *Cucumis sativus* Linn., Cucumber, *Khira* *Solanum melongena* Linn., Brinjal, Eggplant, *Baingan* *Momordica charantia* Linn., Bitter-gourd, *Karela* *Raphanus caudatus* Linn., Rat-tail Radish, Sengri, Newari *Muli* *Lagenaria siceraria* (Mol.) Standl., Bottle-gourd, *Ghia*, *Kaddu*, *Lauki* *Luffa acutangula* (Linn.) Roxb., Ridged-gourd, *Jhinga*, Kali Torai *Trichosanthes anguina* Linn., Snake-gourd, *Chachinda* *Basella rubra* Linn., Indian Spinach, *Poi*

Spices

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*Curcuma domestica* Valet. (syn. *Curcuma longa* Linn.), Turmeric, *Haldi* *Piper nigrum* Linn., Black-pepper, *Kali Mirch* *Piper betle* Linn., Betel-pepper, *Pan* *Piper longum* Linn., Long-pepper, *Pippal* *Elettaria cardamomum* (Linn.) Maton var. *minor* Watt, Cardamom, *Choti Elachi*

Sugar Plants

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*Saccharum officinarum* Linn., Sugarcane, *Ganna*

Fibre Plants

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*Corchorus capsularis* Linn., White Jute, *Pat* *Corchorus olitorius* Linn., Tossa Jute, *Costa* *Crotalaria juncea* Linn., Sannhemp, *San* *Gossypium arboreum* Linn., Tree-cotton, *Kapas* *Hibiscus cannabinus* Linn., Mesta, *Patsan* *Hibiscus sabdariffa* Linn., Roselle, *Patwa*, *Lalambari*

Medicinal Plants

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*Cannabis sativa* Linn., Hemp, *Bhang*, *Ganja*