[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Science, technology and education](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science) › [A History of Hindu Chemistry from the Earliest Times to the Middle of the Sixteenth Century A.D.](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1902) › v1.c17.3 # A History of Hindu Chemistry from the Earliest Times to the Middle of the Sixteenth Century A.D. v1.c17.3 A History of Hindu Chemistry from the Earliest Times to the Middle of the Sixteenth Century A.D. v1.c17.3 - **Language:** English ### [v1.c17.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1902.v1.c17.3) In ancient India the useful arts and sciences, as distinguished from mere handicrafts, were cultivated by the higher classes. In the White Yajur-Veda and in the Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa, we meet with the names of various professions which throw light on the state of society of that period; unfortunately a knowledge of these perished with the institution of the caste system in its most rigid form.¹ Among the sixty-four “kalās” or arts and sciences which are enumerated in the old work of Vātsāyana² called Kāmasūtra occur the names of the following: - [Previous: v1.c17.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1902.v1.c17.1) - [Next: v1.c17.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1902.v1.c17.4) - [Up: v1.c17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1902.v1.c17) ## Linked texts (2) - [Taittirīyabrāhmaṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/in.veda.brahmana.taittiriya) — Sanskrit - [Kāmasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.kama.vatsyayana) — Vātsyāyana Mallanāga, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1902.v1.c17.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1902.v1.c17.3) · Pramāṇa