[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Science, technology and education](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science) › [History of Chemistry in Ancient and Medieval India, Incorporating the History of Hindu Chemistry by Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1956) › c30.s2 # History of Chemistry in Ancient and Medieval India, Incorporating the History of Hindu Chemistry by Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray c30.s2: Tin History of Chemistry in Ancient and Medieval India, Incorporating the History of Hindu Chemistry by Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray c30.s2 - **Language:** English ### Tin ### [c30.s2.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1956.c30.s2.1) \*Vangam\* (tin) is of two kinds—\*kshurakam\* and \*misrakam\*, the former is endowed with superior qualities; the latter cannot be recommended for medicinal uses. 153. ### [c30.s2.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1956.c30.s2.2) \*Kshurakam\* is white, soft, cool (to the touch), readily fusible and bright, and does not clink (when bent or struck). 154 ### [c30.s2.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1956.c30.s2.3) \*Misrakam\* is dirty white \* \* \*. This is an anthelmintic and a destroyer of urinary disorders. 155 ### [c30.s2.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1956.c30.s2.4) Molten tin is dropped into the juice of \*Vitex negundo\* mixed with turmeric, the process being repeated three times the metal undergoes purification. 156 ### [c30.s2.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1956.c30.s2.5) Tin-foil is to be smeared with a paste of orpiment and the milky juice of \*Calotropis gigantea\*, and then to be covered with the ashes of the bark of \*Ficus bengalensis\* and \*Tamarindus indica\* and afterwards roasted and reduced to ashes. --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1956.c30.s2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.ray-1956.c30.s2) · Pramāṇa