The University of Nalanda c24.9
The University of Nālandā c24.9
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- English
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**N** Nala, birth-place of, 38. Nālaka, birth-place of, 38. Nālandā, application of the word, ‘University’ to, 1; and Theology, 2 n. 4; educational institutions at, 3; a *vihāra*, 4; professors, 5; period preceding the rise of, 5; heritage of, 6, 23, 229; wall at, 29, 53; old account of, 33; meaning of, 35; origin of the name of, 36 n. 2; Buddha and, 36; Suviṣṇu and, 39; University town and, 40; climate at, 41; prophecy about, 42; Mihirakula and, 43; royal patrons of, 44; I-Tsing on, 46; date of the royal rise of, 51-52; Tantra at, 86; Tāntrism and, 101; education, 101; Purṇavarma and, 55; Yaśovarmmadeva and, 56; Devapāladeva and, 57, 58-59; Gopāla II, 59; Mahīpāla I, 59, 60; Pālas and, 61; number of colleges at, 62; arrangement and description of buildings at, 62-63; library at, 63, 215; a scholastic city, 64; studies of, 65; curriculum at, 65, 67, 145; degree, 66, 174; method of examination at, 66, 147; two kinds of students at, 67; Theology and, 67; sky-flower doctrine, 68, 69; teachings, 78; not a Buddhist University only, 82; a Temple of Learning, 82; Astronomy at, 85; clepsydra at, 85; ritualism 94, 128, 131; changes in ritualism of, 140; and Tāntrism, 101; Art, 101, 139, 231, 232, 233, 234; education, 101; Pandita, 102; Vasubandhu, 103; Asaṅga, 103; and Śīlabhadra, 110, 111, 112; and Dharmakīrti, 112; and Śāntideva, 116; and Padmasambhava, 118, 119; and Candrogomin, 122; and Vīradeva, 123; seal of, 123; in a flourishing condition, 124; and Buddhakīrti, 124;
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Pandits at, 124, 125, 126, 127; excavations at, 128, 229; the rites at, 128; Ablution of the Holy Image at, 129; Caityavandana at, 130; image discovered at, 131, 132; Buddha image, 132; Maitreya image, 133, 234; Bodhisattva image, 133, 134; Tārā and Hārītī worshipped at, 134; figure of Hārītī, 134; figure of Tārā, 134, 135; Bhṛkuṭi Tārā worshipped at, 135; figure of Vasudhārā, 135; figure of Trailokyavijaya, 136; figure of Heruka, 136; figure of Jambhala, 136; figure of Mārīcī, 136; figure of Yamāntaka, 137; figure of Vajrapāṇi, 134, 137, 230, 234; figure of Mañjuvara, 137; figure of Koṭiśrī, 137; figure of Vajraśaradā, 137; figure of Aparājitā, 138; figures of Hindu pantheon at, 138; figure of Viṣṇu, 138; figure of Saraswatī, 138; figure of Gaṅgā, 138; figure of Śiva and Pārvatī, 139, 223; University of Universities, 145; cf. with Oxford and Cambridge, 145; method of teaching at, 146, 147; copying of manuscripts at, 147; matriculation examination at, 147, 148; age of student entering, 148, 149; a school for secondary education, 149; state of discipline at, 149, 152n; dress of the professors of, 157; meals of the students of, 158; provisions of food to, 159; daily life of the students of, 141; entrance at, 144; gambling at, 164; the find of a gaming die at, 164; games and amusements of students of, 166; number of students at, 166, 168; number of students and, 169; aims and prospects of the students of, 170; aims of the students of, 171; Door-keepers of the University of, 174;
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Value of the education of the University of, 175, 176; value of the discussions at, 176; storehouse of knowledge and wisdom, 180; supervised by Vikramaśilā, 186; end of, 189, 207, 208; date of destruction of, 208, 212, 213, 214; compared with Vikramaśilā, 189; compared with Monte Cassino, 191, 205; Fergusson and, 191; international students concourse at, 191; Hiuen Tsiang at, 191, 192, 193; 197; Pilgrim-students by the Northern route at, 197, 198, 199; Pilgrim-students by the Southern route at, 199; I-Tsing at, 200; Thonmi at, 201; pandits to China, 202, 203; interprovincial University, 203; manifold aspects of 205; centre of Buddhist lore, 206; Cluny, Clairvaux and, 205; to-day, 216; Cunningham and, 216; rebuilding of, 216; of Mediæval times, 217, 227; Monastery site I at, 217, 218; storeyed buildings at, 218; bhikṣus cells at, 218; saṅghārāmas at, 219; Monastery No. I at, 219; Monastery No. 6 at, 220; Stūpa site, 3, 220, 221, 235, 236; stone-Temple at, 222, 224; buildings, 229, 235, 237; Art and, 229; Bitpālo and, 235; Dhīmān and, 235; bronzes of, 233, 235; Malay Archipelago and, 233, 234; Mahāyāna of Java and, 234; Java Temples and, 234; standing Buddha of, 234; Maitreya of, 234; Stūpa-style at, 236; bricks, 236; flourished in, 237; drains, 237; architectural specimens, 237; school of arts and crafts at, 238.