The University of Nalanda c25: Index of Important Words

The University of Nālandā c25

Language: English

Index of Important Words

Abhayamudrā, 132, 135. Adhyātmavāda, of Śaṅkara, 83. Adhyātmavidyā, 142. Akṣara, realization of, 4. Alayavijñāna, 19, 69. Aliḍha, a kind of spiritual posture, 230. Anusavanna, meaning, 31. Arāma, meaning, 31. Ardhaparyaṅka, a kind of spiritual posture, 130, 230. Art, Gupta, 232; Pāla, 201; of Nālandā, 101, 232; Nālandā and, 229; at Nālandā, school of, 238. Astronomy, part of knowledge, 2; at Nālandā, 85.

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Bhikkhu, Buddhist, 24, 153; dress of a, 156. Brahma, realization of, 4.

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Caityavandana, rite, 128; description, 129, 130; at Nālandā, 130, 131; at Tāmralipti, 131. Chandas, Metre, a branch of study, 10. Cikitsāvidyā, subject taught at, 65, 144.

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Dhyāni Buddha, theory, 91. Dhyānamudrā, 133. Dharmacakramudrā, 134, 135, 137.

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Grammar, part of knowledge, 2.

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Hetuvidyā, 72, 141, 168.

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Jyotiṣa, Astrology, branch of study, 10.

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Kālacakrayāna, image, 137, 139. Karuṇā, doctrine, 88, 89, 90; symbolism, 97, 231. Kevalādvaita, of Śaṅkara, 23.

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Logic, part of knowledge, 2; students and, 14; Mediæval, 21; subject at, 72; Contribution to, 73; value of, 177.

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Mādhyamika, Philosophy, 21; works on, 21. Mahāsukhavāda. 83, 88, 89, 90. Mantrayāna, 161.

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Natti, meaning, 30. Nirātma, 88. Nyāya, system, 13; writers on, 14; students' (students') curriculum and, 15.

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Pāla, Art, Tāntrism and, 177; interpretation of images of, 232; influence of, 234; bronzes of Nālandā and, 235; paintings of, 235 n. Pandita, meaning, 102. Parārthānumāna, 73, 74. Philosophy, part of knowledge, 2; subject taught at, 67, 72; value of, 177. Prajñā, symbolic meaning, 97. Prajñopāya, meaning, 97.

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Śabdavidyā, study of, 141. Saddhivihārika, 149. Sādhyasama, fallacy of, 21. Sāmkhya, system, 10; students' curriculum and, 10; criticism of, 80, 81, 82, 194, 195, 196.

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Saṅgha, Buddhist, 25; functions of, 30; character, 31, 32. Saṅghakāmma, 30. Saṅghārāma, meaning, 24, 227. Saṅgīti, a form of Buddhist literature, 89. Siddhi, definition, 91; varieties, 91 n., 92 n. Śikṣā, Phonetics, a branch of study, 10. Śilpavidyā, 141. Śuddhādvaita, of Vallabha, 23. Śūnya, 93, 95, 231. Śūnyatā, 97, 99. Sūtra, literature, 10.

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**T**

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Tantra, subject at Nālandā, 86, 86 n. 3; preached in, 89; doctrine, 100; division of, 100; defence of, 100; writers on, 122. Tāntric, aims of, 91, 95, 96; qualifications of, 92; culture, 94, 95, 100; practices, 98, 100; images, 131, 137, 139; pantheon, 132. Tāntrism, 86; origin, 86; nature, 87; features, 87 n; causes of the rise of, 90; date of, 91; symbolism of, 97; works on, 91; criticism of, 94, 96, 99; educative value of, 94, 101; flourished in, 123; at Nālandā, 94, 101, 209, 210; Pāla, Art and, 177; provincial vernaculars and, 177; Vikramaśīlā and, 188, 190; morality and, 188; Jagaddala and, 189. Tantrayāna, pantheon, 94, 136, 230; figures of, 136, 137, 139. Trairūpa, theory, 74, 75, 76, 77.

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Theology, part of knowledge, 2; University education and, 2 n., 4; at Nālandā, 67, 72; value of, 177.

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**U**

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University, significance of the word, 1; education and, 2; kinds of students and, 2; India and the word, 3; student in India, 140, 149, 150, 151, 152, 155; student in Europe, 149, 150, 151, 152, 155; life, 162. Upaniṣad, word and its meaning, 3; formed part of students' curriculum, 9; quoted, 154, 170, 171. Upāya, symbolic meaning of, 97, 98. Urṇā, 132. Uṣṇīṣa, 132.

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**V**

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Vajraparyaṅka, 260. Vajrasattva, 97. Vajrāsana, 133, 134. Vajrayāna, symbolism, 97; views on, 98, 99; mentioned, 139. Vaiśeṣika, system, 15; influence on, 15; Śantarakṣita and, 79. Varadamudrā, 133. Vassā, rain retreat, 24. Vihāra, description, 38. Vijñāna, 88. Viśiṣṭādvaita, of Rāmānuja, 23. Vyālaka, motif, 134.

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**Y**

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Yabyum, meaning, 23, n. 2. Yavanikā, 164. Yoga, philosophy, 13; contribution to, 13. Yogācāra, doctrine, 19; school at Nālandā, 234.

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University of Nalanda

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pXIII Contents pXVIII List of plates and maps p1 Chap 1: Primary meaning of the word 'University' p5 Chap 2 p5 Part I: Background of University of Nalanda p6 Division into Buddhist and non-Buddhist p7 The Panini-age and its curriculum p13 Yoga p24 Part II: Transformation of Sangharamas into temples of learning p32 Indian converted into houses of learning p33 Rise of the University and its growth under kings of various dynasties p37 Asoka, Nagarjuna and Nalanda p38 Fa-hien speaks of Nalagrama p41 Hiuen Tsiang's account p53 Other kings who patronised Nalanda p65 Chap 4: Studies of Nalanda p65 Hiuen Tsiang's account of curriculum p66 Method of examination p102 Chap 5: Famous Pandits of Nalanda p125 Customs and manners of the Pandits p128 Chap 6: Ritualism of Naland Buddhism p138 Images of the Hindu pantheon found at Nalanda p141 Chap 7: Student life p145 Nalanda, a University of Universities p175 Value of Nalanda education p179 Chap 8: Contemporary Universities

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p189 Comparison between Nalanda and Vikramasila p191 Chap 9: Nalanda-An international University p191 Hiuen Tsiang at Nalanda p191 Chinese travellers p197 Who came by the Northern and Southern route p206 What Nalanda did as centre of learning p207 Chap 10: The end of Nalanda p211 Destruction of the visible existence of Buddhism p216 Chap 11: Nalanda to-day p229 Chap 12: The art and architecture of Nalanda as revealed from its finds p239 Chap 13: Conclusion p239 Nalanda upheld the ideals of the East and the West p243 Index p18 List of plates and maps p135 Bronze figue of 18-armed Tara from Nalanda p216 Monastery No.1, Main entrance, Nalanda p218 Monastery No.6, Nalanda p238 Arched niches of Nalanda p32 Maps p32 India in the time of Nalanda p190 International students concourse at Nalanda showing the various countries from which the students came to Nalanda p224a Nalanda excavations, diagrammatic plan of site