[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Science, technology and education](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science) › [A History of the Kerala School of Hindu Astronomy (in Perspective)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972) › c3 # A History of the Kerala School of Hindu Astronomy (in Perspective) c3: Contents A History of the Kerala School of Hindu Astronomy (in Perspective) c3 - **Language:** English ### Contents ### [c3.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.1) Pages ### [c3.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.2) PREFACE vii-x ### [c3.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.3) BIBLIOGRAPHY xi-xiii ### [c3.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.4) ABBREVIATIONS xiv ### [c3.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.5) CH. I. SOME SALIENT FEATURES OF KERALA ASTRONOMY 1-10 ### [c3.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.6) Introduction (p. 1)—Spirit of enquiry (1-3)—Stress on observation and experimentation (3-4)—Concern for accuracy (4)—Researcher's outlook (4-5)—Continuity of tradition (5-6)—Basic features of Kerala astronomy (6-7)—Parahita system of astronomy (7-9)—Dṛk system of astronomy (9-10) ### [c3.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.7) CH. II. ANTICIPATION OF MODERN MATHEMATICAL DISCOVERIES BY KERALA ASTRONOMERS 11-28 ### [c3.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.8) The background (11-12)—Tycho Brahe's Reduction to the ecliptic (12-14)—Newton-Gauss Interpolation formula (14-15)—Taylor Series for Sine and Cosine functions (15-16)—Newton's Power Series for Sine and Cosine (16-18)—Infinite G.P. Convergent Series (18-19)—Lhuiler's formula for the Circum-radius of the Cyclic quadrilateral (19-20)—Gregory and Leibnitz's Series for the Inverse tangent (20-22)—Leibnitz's Power series for π (22-23)—Approximations to the value of π (23-27)—Some other highlights (27-28) ### [c3.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.9) CH. III. MAJOR TRENDS IN KERALA LITERATURE ON JYOTIṢA 29-40 ### [c3.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.10) Introductory (29)—The classical texts (29-30)—Major works on astronomy (30-32)—Computation of the Moon (32)—Veṇvāroha method for the Moon (32-33)—Computation of eclipses (33)—Computation of the shadow (33-34)—Long-range almanacs (34)—Astronomical rationale (34-35)—Practical astronomy (35)—Revision of astronomical constants (35-36)— ### [c3.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.11) CH. III. MAJOR TRENDS (contd.) ### [c3.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.12) Mathematics (36)—Horary astrology (36)—Auspicious times (\*Muhūrta\*) (36-37)—Astrological query (\*Praśna\*) (37)—Natural astrology (37-38)—Malayalam versions of Sanskrit texts (38)—Kerala Jyotiṣa outside Kerala (38-40) ### [c3.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.13) CH. IV. KERALA ASTRONOMERS 41-81 ### [c3.14](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.14) Introductory (41)—Earlier documentation (41-42)—Chronological account of Kerala astronomers and their main works (43-81) ### [c3.15](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.15) CH. V. A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF KERALA JYOTIṢA LITERATURE 82-184 ### [c3.16](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.16) Source material and method of presentation (82-84)—Annotated Bibliography of authors and works, with the documentation of manuscripts, editions, translations, studies and extracts (85-184) ### [c3.17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.17) CH. VI. A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF KERALA-BASED JYOTIṢA LITERATURE 185-96 ### [c3.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3.18) Source material and method of presentation (185-86)—Bibliography of authors and works with documentation of manuscripts etc. (187-96) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.sarma-1972.c3) · Pramāṇa