[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Science, technology and education](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science) › [The Positive Sciences of the Ancient Hindus](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.seal-1915) › c7.4 # The Positive Sciences of the Ancient Hindus c7.4 The Positive Sciences of the Ancient Hindus c7.4 - **Language:** English ### [c7.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.seal-1915.c7.4) \*Chakrapâṇi\* notes in his commentary on Charaka: The \*Vîrudhs\* comprise two classes, (1) \*Latâs\*, creepers; (2) \*Gulmas\*, herbs with succulent (or cactaceous) stems and shrubs. The \*Auṣadhis\* are sub-divided into (1) annuals or perennials, bearing fruit, and (2) plants that wither away after maturing and without fructification, \*e.g.\* grasses like the \*Dûrvâ\* (Cynodon dactylon). - [Previous: c7.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.seal-1915.c7.3) - [Next: c7.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.seal-1915.c7.5) - [Up: c7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.seal-1915.c7) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.seal-1915.c7.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.science.seal-1915.c7.4) · Pramāṇa