The Shulbasutras of Baudhayana, Apastamba, Katyayana and Manava: With Text, English Translation and Commentary c12: Index of Introduction, Translation and Commentary

The Śulbasūtras of Baudhāyana, Āpastamba, Kātyāyana and Mānava: With Text, English Translation and Commentary c12

Language: English

Index of Introduction, Translation and Commentary

c12.1

Adhvaryu, 5. Agni, height of, 7. Agnicit, construction of, 7. Agnīdhrīya altar, 6, 8, 86, 107, 128, 130, 137, 139, 172, 177, 184, 240, 276. Āhavanīya fire-altar, 5, 7, 8, 170, 272. Āhavanīya from the gārhapatya, placement of, 80, 104, 121, 126, 169, 173, 237, 266. Akṣa, 77, 106, 121, 127, 135. Akṣṇayā, 120, 121, 148, 265. Alajacit, 6. Aṅgula, 77, 113, 124, 128. Āpastamba, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10. Āpastamba, date, 4. Apyaya, 117, 255. Aratni, 77, 106, 113, 124, 125, 128, 135, 136. Ardhadaśama, 12. Ardhanavama, 12. Ardhāṣṭama, 12. Area measures in Baudhāyana-śulbasūtra, 77. Arthaśāstra, 1. Aśvamedha fire-altar, 5, 82, 83, 105, 119, 137, 178, 239. Athenaeus, 10.

c12.2

Bāhu, 77. Bāla, 128. Bamboo rod, measurement with, 107, 108, 129, 241, 274. Baudhāyana, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11. Baudhāyana, date, 4. Bharadvāja, 4. Bhāskara II, 154. Brāhmaṇācchaṁśa (hearth), 130, 139, 276. Bṛhaddevatā, 3. Brick, clefts to be avoided, 83. Brick, height of, 85, 109. Bricks for the construction of chariot-wheel, 111. Brick-types, adhyardhā, 88, 91, 188, 197, 204, 242. aṇūka, 110, 118, 244. apasyā, 132. aratni, 110, 244. ardhyā of pañcamī, 88, 188, 197, 204, 242. bṛhatī, 93, 96, 97, 124, 132, 211, 213, 220. caturaśra-adhyardhā, 204. caturaśra-pādyā, 204. caturbhāgīyā, 113, 242, 244. caturthī, 95, 96, 98, 99, 185, 190, 220, 229. caturthī-adhyardhā, 98. caturthī-ardhyā, 89, 190, 229. caturthī-pādyā, 89, 99. chanda, 132. dīrghapādyā, 93, 197, 211, 213. dvādaśī, 248. haṁsamukhī (swan-beaked), 89, 90, 99, 191, 229. nakula, 139. pādyā of pañcamī, 88, 188, 197, 204. pakṣāgrīyā, 117. pakṣamadhyīyā, 117. pakṣeṣṭakā, 117, 118. pañcadaśabhāgīyā, 118, 242. pañcamī, 88, 90, 92, 185, 188, 197, 204, 242. pañcamī-ardhyā, 91. pañcamī-pādyā, 91, 99. prādeśa, 242. prāṇabhṛt, 131, 132, 133. prauga, 227. ṛtavyā, 130, 131, 132, 134. sapādā, 91, 197. ṣaṣṭhī, 95, 96, 185, 220. ṣoḍaśī, 96, 99, 116, 117, 118, 232. śūlapādyā, 93, 197, 211, 213. svayamātṛṇṇa, 90, 93, 131, 132. trayodaśī, 248. triangular, 198, 211, 248. turīya, 130. ubhayata prauga, 227. ubhayī, 91, 198. urvasthī, 110, 244. vaiśvadevī, 130, 132. vāyavyā, 132. virāja, 132. Bühler, Georg, 2, 3, 4. Bürk, 2, 12, 13, 152, 157.

c12.3

Cajori, 151. Caland, 12. Cantor, 162. Caturbhāgona, 12. Caturtha-saviśeṣārdha, 12. Caturtha-saviśeṣa-saptama, 12. Cātvāla, 8, 82, 112, 134, 177. Centre of segment (pradhi-madhyamā), 233. Chakrabarty, 162. Chandaścit, 6, 184. Chao Chun Chhing, 154. Chariot measure, 106, 121, 127, 135, 273. Chou Pei Suan Ching, 11, 154. Cicero, 10. Circle, transformation into a square, 80, 103, 123, 162, 236, 268. Circumference-diameter ratio, 82, 136. Cubic measure, 135.

c12.4

Dakṣiṇāgni fire-altar, 5, 7, 8, 170, 237, 266, 272. Dakṣiṇāgni, placement of, 80, 104, 121, 126, 136, 169, 173. Darśapūrṇamāsa (dārśapaurṇamāsa) vedi, 5, 6, 175. Dārśikī vedi, 272. Datta, 152, 154, 174. Dharmasūtras, 3. Dharmasūtras, history of, 4. Dhiṣṇyas, 8, 82, 86, 107, 133, 139, 172, 177, 184, 240, 277. Dhiṣṇyas, different types, 172. Diagonal of a rectangle, 3, 4, 5; 12, 5, 13; 15, 8, 17, 105.

c12.5

Diagonal of a rectangle, square area of, 78, 101, 121. Diagonal of a right triangle, relationship with sides, 121, 135. Diagonal of a square, area of, 9-10, 78, 101, 121. Drenckhahn, 162. Droṇacit, 6. Dvārakanātha, 12, 157, 158, 161, 184, 225. Dvikaraṇī, 78, 102, 122, 150, 235.

c12.6

East-west line, 77, 78, 101, 104, 120, 126, 136, 264, 272. Eggeling, 3. Ekādaśinī altar, 128, 270, 271. Ekadaśinī altar, use of in the construction of mahāvedi and aśvamedha vedi, 178. Ekato'nimaddirghacaturaśra, 226. Euclid, Theorem, 47, 11, 154. Euclidian tradition, 10.

c12.7

Filliozat, 3. Fire-altar, āhavanīya, 5. areas of in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, 8. droṇacit in the form of a circle, 96, 142, 221-25, 268, 281. enlargement of, 179-181. gārhapatya, 5. height of, 83, 181. perpetual (nitya), 5, 7, 8. rectilinear, placement of bricks in, 109, 110. Fire-altar in the form of alaja bird, 92, 118, 139, 140, 208-210. chariot-wheel, circular segments, 94, 215-16, 249, 281. chariot-wheel, construction of, 94. chariot-wheel, with spokes, 94-95, 143, 216-19. isosceles triangle (prauga), construction of, 93, 123, 142, 211-12, 247-49, 268, 281. falcon in square, construction of, 86, 87, 185, 240, 244-47, 275, 276. falcon in square (another type), 88, 188, 279. falcon with curved wings and extended tail, construction of, 90, 113, 116, 139, 140, 190-195, 196-202, 251-256, 281. kite (kaṅkacit), construction of, 91,118, 140, 141, 202-207. pyre (śmaśānacit), construction of, 97, 142, 225-227. rhombus (ubhayata prauga), 93, 111, 123, 142, 213-14, 249, 281. tortoise (kūrmacit), construction of, 98, 228-33. tortoise with rounded limbs, 99, 232-33. tortoise with twisted limbs, 228-232. trough, construction of, 95, 112, 123, 220-21, 249-250. Fire-altar for aśvamedha (sacrifice), 100. Fire-altar for the first time, area of, 82. Fire-altar paricāyya, construction of, 97. Fire-altar samūhya, construction of, 97, 112, 142. Fire-altar upto 101-fold, 83, 107, 124, 247. Fire-altar with characteristics of an animal, 84. Fire-altar with wings and tail, Brāhmaṇa teaching, 83. Fire-altar without wings and tail, 83. Fire sacrifice (agnihotra), 1. Fractions, 11, 12.

c12.8

Garbe, Richard, 4. Gārhapatya fire, circular, square, 85, 107, 138, 182, 183, 279. Gārhapatya fire, measurement of, 85, 86, 107, 133. Gārhapatya fire, placement of, 80, 104, 121, 169, 173, 237, 266. Gārhapatya fire-altar, 5, 8, 125, 129, 170, 240, 272, 276, 277. Gārhapatya fire-altar, in Ṛgveda, 5. Gārhapatya fire-altar in Taittirīya Saṃhitā 5. Gāyatra measure, 138. Guriar, 162.

c12.9

Havirdhāna (shed), 8, 82, 127, 128, 134, 172, 173, 177, 274. Heath, 151, 152. Heron, 10. Hiraṇyakeśin, 2, 4. Hotrīya altar, 6.

c12.10

Irrational number √2, 8, 11. Irrational number in Babylonian cuneiform texts, 11. Iṣā, 77, 106, 121, 127. Isosceles trapezium, 6, 79, 226, 239, 268. Isosceles triangle (prauga) into a square, transformation of, 124, 226.

c12.11

Jānu, 77.

c12.12

Kahun papyrus, 11. Kalpasūtras, 1, 2. Kāmaśastra, 1. Kāmya agni, 5, 111, 247. Kāmya agni, list of, 6. Kane, P.V., 4. Kaṅkacit, 6. Kapardisvāmī, 12, 151, 161, 243, 245, 246. Karaṇī, 121. Karavindasvāmī, 12, 161, 168, 169, 181, 243, 245, 246, 250, 251, 256. Kāṭhaka-kapiṣṭhala school, 2. Kātyāyana, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9. Kātyāyana, date, 3. Kaukilī vedi, 128. Keith, 3. Kṛṣṇala, 128. Kṣetrajñāna, 267.

c12.13

Laertius, Diogenes, 10. Laugākṣi, 2. Lokampṛṇa brick, 85.

c12.14

Macdonell, 3. Madana Pāṭhaka, 12. Mahābhāṣya, 3. Mahārṇava, 2. Mahāvedi, 8. Mahāvedi, measurement of, 81, 105, 170, 177, 237. Mahīdhara, 13, 178. Maitrāyaṇī Saṃhitā, 7. Maitrāyaṇī school, 2. Māna, 128.

c12.15

Mānava, 2, 3, 8, 9.

c12.16

Mānava, date, 4.

c12.17

Mārjālīya, 6, 8, 82, 86, 130, 172, 177, 184, 276.

c12.18

Mārutī altar, 127, 273.

c12.19

Maśaka, 2.

c12.20

Method of addition (ekaḥ samāsaḥ), 122.

c12.21

Method of combination (samāsa) (of squares), 155.

c12.22

Method of deduction (nirhāsa), 123.

c12.23

Method of difference (nirhāra) (between squares), 156.

c12.24

Method of one cord (ekarajju vidhi), 237.

c12.25

Method of two cords (dvirajju vidhi), 238.

c12.26

Milhaud, Gaston, 10.

c12.27

Müller, 162, 163.

c12.28

Nākasat brick, 84, 109, 130, 133 134 181.

c12.29

Nāṭyaśāstra 1.

c12.30

Needham 154.

c12.31

Neugebauer 11.

c12.32

Nirṇāma, bending of wings, 192, 196, 209, 252.

c12.33

Nirudapaśubandha vedi, 239.

c12.34

Niṣka, 128.

c12.35

North-south line (udīcī), 120, 264.

c12.36

Nyañcana, nirañchana, 77, 78, 120, 127, 136, 137, 148, 265.

c12.37

Pada, 77, 106, 124.

c12.38

Paitṛki vedi, 5, 8, 121, 152, 240, 273.

c12.39

Paitṛkī vedi, measurement of, 81, 106, 175.

c12.40

Pakṣanamani (bending of wings), 117.

c12.41

Pañcacoḍā brick, 84, 109, 130, 134, 181.

c12.42

Pañcāṅgī cord, 129, 136, 274, 279.

c12.43

Pāṇini, date, 3, 4.

c12.44

Paravān, 125.

c12.45

Paricāyya fire-altar, 6, 113, 224.

c12.46

Parśvamānī, 121.

c12.47

Paśubandha vedi, 8, 81, 127, 175, 273.

c12.48

Pāśuki vedi, 127, 273.

c12.49

Patañjali, 3.

c12.50

Pentagon, construction of, 124.

c12.51

π, value of, 8, 11, 161, 179, 278.

c12.52

Prācī (east-west line), 78, 104, 120, 136, 265.

c12.53

Prādeśa, 77, 113, 128, 135.

c12.54

Prādeśakṣetra, 243.

c12.55

Pradhi-madhyamā (centre of segment), 233.

c12.56

Prāgvamśa (sacrificial chamber), 81, 177, 266, 274.

c12.57

Prakrama, 77, 105, 135.

c12.58

Pramāṇa 78 102 122 137 148.

c12.59

Prauga (isosceles triangle) 6.

c12.60

Proclus 10 154.

c12.61

Pṛṣṭhyā (east-west line) 77, 78, 101, 126.

c12.62

Pṛthā, 77.

c12.63

Puruṣa, 77, 113, 124, 128.

c12.64

Pythagoras, 10, 11, 154.

c12.65

Pythagorean theorem in China, 11.

c12.66

Pythagorean theorem in other culture areas, 154.

c12.67

Ramgopal, 3, 4.

c12.68

Rathacakracit, 6.

c12.69

Rectangle, construction of, 77, 120, 148, 149, 265.

c12.70

Rectangle into rhombus, transformation of, 160.

c12.71

Rectangle into square, transformation of, 79, 102, 122, 159-60, 268.

c12.72

Rectangle into triangle, transformation of, 160.

c12.73

Renou, 3.

c12.74

Rhombus into square, transformation of, 124, 269.

c12.75

Right rectilinear figure, construction of, 101.

c12.76

Right triangle, properties of, 278, 279.

c12.77

Root five, √5, value of, 174, 175.

c12.78

Root three, √3, value of, 164.

c12.79

Root two, √2, irrationality of, 168.

c12.80

Root two, √2, value of, 80, 101, 121, 164, 165, 174, 175, 234.

c12.81

Root two, √2, value of, Datta's proof, 167-68. in other culture areas, 168. Rodet's proof, 165-66. Thibaut's proof, 165.

c12.82

Rope-stretcher (harpedonap'tae), 1.

c12.83

Sacrificial altars, fires in Saṃhitās and Brāhmaṇas, 5-8.

c12.84

Sacrificial chamber (prāgvaṃśa), 81, 120, 127.

c12.85

Sacrificial fires, 77.

c12.86

Sacrificial ground, plan of, 169-173.

c12.87

Sadas (tent), 6, 82, 106, 120, 127, 128, 172, 177, 240, 274.

c12.88

Śakaṭamukha, 120, 266.

c12.89

Sāmaveda school, 2.

c12.90

Śamyā, 77, 106, 121.

c12.91

Sarton, George, 10.

c12.92

Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, 7, 170, 173, 180, 181.

c12.93

Satyāṣādhā, 4.

c12.94

Saumikyā vedi, 104, 105, 137, 170, 279.

c12.95

Sautrāmaṇī vedi, 5, 8, 105, 122, 176, 239.

c12.96

Sautrāmaṇī vedi, measurement of, 81.

c12.97

Sayā, 128.

c12.98

Śikhaṇḍinī vedi, 125, 128, 224.

c12.99

Śivadāsa, 275.

c12.100

Śmaśānacit, 6.

c12.101

Soma-carts, 172.

c12.102

Soma sacrifice, 1.

c12.103

Source materials, 12-13.

c12.104

Square, construction of, 77, 101, 102, 120, 148, 234, 235, 241, 265, 272.

c12.105

Square, enlargement of, 236, 237.

c12.106

Square, n-times a given square, 270, 271.

c12.107

Square, theorem of, 10, 101, 135, 151-54, 234, 267, 278.

c12.108

Squared relationship between diagonal and sides of rectilinear figure, 9-10, 78, 101.

c12.109

Square into circle, transformation of, 79, 103, 123, 135, 160-61, 236, 268, 278.

c12.110

Square into double isosceles triangle, transformation of, 79.

c12.111

Squares into isosceles triangle, transformation of, 79, 160.

c12.112

Square into rectangle, transformation of, 79, 103, 122, 156-58, 236, 268.

c12.113

Square into rhombus, transformation of, 160.

c12.114

Squares, combination of, 78, 102, 122, 155, 267.

c12.115

Squares, difference of, 79, 102, 122, 155, 268.

c12.116

Śrautasūtras, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9.

c12.117

Śulba, meaning of, 1.

c12.118

Śulbasūtras, place and time of authors, 2-5.

c12.119

Śulbasūtras, special importance of, 1.

c12.120

Śulbavid, 1, 2, 8, 134, 277.

c12.121

Śulba-vijñāna, 2.

c12.122

Sundararāja, 12, 151, 157, 243, 245, 246, 250.

c12.123

Suparṇaciti, construction of, 133.

c12.124

Suparṇa garutman, 6, 7.

c12.125

Surds, surd numbers, 11, 150, 235.

c12.126

Śyenacit, 6.

c12.127

Taittirīya Saṃhitā, 7. Taittirīya school, 2. Tatkaraṇī, 121, 267. Thibaut, 2, 4, 12, 13, 152, 157, 162. Tila, 77. Tiryaṅmānī, 78, 120, 121, 137, 148, 158, 265, 266. Trapezium, 226. Triangle (śakaṭamukha), construction of, 120, 269. Triangle into square, transformation of, 269. Tṛkaraṇī, 78, 102, 122, 151, 235, 267. Tṛtīyakaraṇī, 78, 102, 122, 151 235 267. Tuṇḍa, 128.

c12.128

Ubhayata prauga (rhombus), 6. Upacāyya fire-altar, 113. Uparava, 8, 82, 106, 173, 177, 240. Unit, enlargement of, 270. Units and measures, Āpastamba, 113, 240. Baudhāyana, 77, 147. Kātyāyana, 124, 125, 267. Mānava, 128, 135, 274, 278. Utkara, placement of, 80, 126, 173, 266. Uttara vedi, 5, 6, 8, 128, 175, 240. Uttara vedi, measurement of, 81, 82, 106, 108, 173. Uttarayuga, 77.