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The Shulbasutras of Baudhayana, Apastamba, Katyayana and Manava: With Text, English Translation and Commentary c8.t38: Chapter 13: Construction of Saumikī Vedi, Gārhapatya (Both Square and Circular), Caturaśraśyena of Another Type, Āgnidh-rīya, Hotrīya, Brāhmaṇācchaṃśa and Mārj

The Śulbasūtras of Baudhāyana, Āpastamba, Kātyāyana and Mānava: With Text, English Translation and Commentary c8.t38

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English

Chapter 13: Construction of Saumikī Vedi, Gārhapatya (Both Square and Circular), Caturaśraśyena of Another Type, Āgnidh-rīya, Hotrīya, Brāhmaṇācchaṃśa and Mārj

c8.t38.1

CONSTRUCTION OF *SAUMIKĪ VEDI*, *GĀRHAPATYA* (BOTH SQUARE AND CIRCULAR), *CATURAŚRAŚYENA* OF ANOTHER TYPE, *ĀGNIDH-RĪYA*, *HOTRĪYA*, *BRĀHMAṆĀCCHAṂŚA* AND *MĀRJĀLĪYA

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**13.1-13.5** *Saumikī vedi.* Here the construction of *sautrāmaṇī*, *saumikī* and *paśubandha* fire-altars has been hinted at. The *saumikī* fire-altar is in the form of an isosceles trapezium having face 8 √3, base 12 √3, and altitude 12 √3. This is meaningful (*Āśl*. 5.8-5.9), but the description regarding the other two is not very clear.

c8.t38.3

**13.6-13.13.** *Construction of gārhapatya vedi.* The *gārhapatya vedi* has two forms, e.g. square and circular, each covering an area of either one square *vyāyāma* or one square *puruṣa*. The fire-altar always contains 21 bricks in each layer. Mānava has given almost correct solution to each case.

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For square *gārhapatya* of one square *vyāyāma*, he advises like Baudhāyana, the making of 21 bricks each of length ⅓ of a *vyāyāma* and breadth 1/7 of a *vyāyāma* (*Mśl*. 13.7). In the second layer directions of length and breadth are interchanged.

c8.t38.5

For square *gārhapatya* of one square *puruṣa*, he advises the whole area to be divided into 18 rectangular parts each of length ⅓ of a *puruṣa* and breadth ⅙ of a *puruṣa* (*Mśl*. 13.8.-13.9). Clearly, each brick measures 40 *aṅg* × 20 *aṅg*. Three corner bricks are replaced by those of size, 20 *aṅg* × 20 *aṅg*. thereby making the number of bricks 21. In the next layer the length and breadth are interchanged.

c8.t38.6

In the circular *gārhapatya* of one sq. *puruṣa*, a circle is drawn with a radius half a *puruṣa*. The altar is covered with 21 bricks by four types of bricks, the sizes of which are not given. This may be done by laying 12 square bricks of type I, 4 triangular bricks of type II of which one side is curved, and 4 bricks of type III, of which one side is curved and the other straight. One brick of type III is halved (type IV) to make the number 21. For the other layer the direction is only changed.

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**13.14-13.22.** *Construction of caturaśraśyenacit.* This gives an incomplete description of another type of *caturaśraśyenacit* with *pañcamī* (24 *aṅg.* × 24 *aṅg.*), *adhyardhā* (36 *aṅg* × 24 *aṅg*) *pāda* (12 *aṅg.* × 12 *aṅg.*), and *ardhapāda* (6 *aṅg.* × 12 *aṅg.*) brick. Admitting that the text is defective and the measures of bricks are uncertain, Gelder has given a tentative plan, but we shall make no such attempt. Like the previous type it has a square body, 2 rectangular wings, a rectangular tail, and a square head. There is no mention that the *citi* is constructed with 200 bricks.

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**13.23-13.29.** *Construction of āgnīdhriya, hotrīya, brāmaṇācchaṁśa.* Compare with *Mśl*. chapters 6 and 9. *Dhiṣṇyās* are squares of size 36 *aṅg.* × 36 *aṅg.*, but the description is different at different places.

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